scholarly journals Identification of Advance Risks to Sources and Causes of Material Waste in Road Construction Projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-117
Author(s):  
Mega Waty ◽  
Hendrik Sulistio
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Early Risk ◽  
Validity Tests ◽  
Ready Mix Concrete

Early risk identification of the sources and causes of waste material for road construction projects has been carried out, and the research continues to carry out further risk identification which then becomes the final risk identification. Description and validity tests and reliability tests were carried out to obtain further risk identification. Each source variable and indicator of the cause of material waste in each material is differentfrom one another because each has a difference. The results of continued identification resulted in:   1) ready mix concrete has eight variables of waste material sources and 21 indicators of material waste causes, 2) lean concrete has seven variables of waste material sources and 18 indicators of material waste causes, 3) aggregate B has seven variables of waste material sources and 12 indicators of material waste causes,  4) landfill has eight variables of material waste sources and 26 indicators of material waste causes, 5) cement has seven variables of material waste sources and 31 indicators of material waste.

scholarly journals Modeling of Waste Material Costs on Road Construction Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.14) ◽  
pp. 474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mega Waty ◽  
Sofia W. Alisjahbana ◽  
Onnyxiforus Gondokusumo ◽  
Hendrik Sulistio ◽  
Cholil Hasyim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Road Building ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Ready Mix Concrete

Material waste is a term from the amount of waste material percentage and is one of the serious problems in the implementation of road construction project. The research objective is to calculate the average percentage of waste material in road construction projects and obtain waste material influencing profit and make a regression model of % material waste to % profit contractors. The data obtained are 158 projects in East and North Kalimantan divided into 51 road building projects and 107 road improvement projects. The percentage of waste material on road building project is B aggregate as the largest (26%) and ready mix concrete (5.3%) as the smallest. The percentage of waste material on road improvement project is B aggregate as the largest (24.2%) and ready mix concrete (6.14%) as the smallest. The influencing waste material on the road construction project is B aggregate, lean concrete and ready mix concrete with regression equation to determine the estimated % profit contractor as a function of % material waste is Y = 7.363 -0.032 X3 - 0.078 X4 - 0.066 X6. The influenced waste material on road improvement projects are cement, B aggregate, and Land Fill  with the regression equation to determine the estimated % profit of contractor as a function of % material waste is Y = 8,702- 0,037 X4-  0,054 X5- 0,044 X7.  

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI RISIKO CHANGE ORDER PROYEK KONSTRUKSI JALAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Mega Waty ◽  
Hendrik Sulistio
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Intermediate Frequency ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Change Orders ◽  
Change Order ◽  
The Cost

A Change Order is a written and legal work order that changes the scope of the original contract, with compensation that has been agreed upon by the owner and the contractor. Changes can be in the form of adding or reducing the scope of work, changing materials, or changing schedules. Change Order causes the cost of contract items to swell, planning errors and negligence as well as changes in scope that can be reduced by sharpening planning results. The scope of research on road construction in Indonesia, especially in DKI Jakarta and Banten provinces. This study aims to determine the identification of change orders in road construction projects. Data obtained from real data on road construction projects from 2013-2018 on 16 road construction project packages in the form of road construction project addendum contracts. Based on the addendum contract, added work, less work, addition of new items and removal of work items are determined. The identification of change order risk is seen from three aspects, namely the addition and reduction of work items, the removal of items and the addition of new items and the wishes of the owner, thereby increasing the cost of the change order contract. This study found 732 changes in construction work items. Risk identification is obtained from the frequency of changes above 35% which is an intermediate frequency that tends to increase the occurrence of change orders. The results of risk identification were obtained for 31 construction work items, the highest percentage was for Thermoplastic Road Marking work, followed by 30 other construction work items. Keywords: risk identification; change orders; road construction projects  AbstrakChange Order adalah perintah kerja tertulis dan sah  yang mengubah lingkup kontrak semula, dengan kompensasi  yang sudah disetujui oleh pemilik dan  kontraktor.  Perubahan dapat berupa penambahan atau pengurangan lingkup pekerjaan, perubahan material, atau perubahan jadwal. Change Order menyebabkan biaya  item kontrak membengkak, kesalahan perencanaan dan kelalaian serta perubahan ruang lingkup yang dapat dikurangi dengan mempertajam hasil perencanaan.. Lingkup penelitian pada konstruksi jalan di Indonesia khususnya  provinsi DKI Jakarta dan Banten. Penelitian  bertujuan untuk  mengetahui  identifikasi change order proyek konstruksi jalan. Data didapat dari data riil proyek konstruksi jalan dari tahun 2013- 2018 pada 16 paket proyek konstruksi jalan berupa kontrak addendum proyek konstruksi jalan. Berdasarkan kontrak addendum maka ditentukan pekerjaan tambah, pekerjaan kurang, penambahan item baru dan penghilangan item pekerjaan. Identifikasi risiko change order dilihat dari tiga aspek yakni penambahan dan pengurangan item pekerjaan, penghilangan item dan penambahan item baru dan keinginan dari pihak owner sehingga meningkatkan biaya kontrak change order.  Penelitian ini mendapatkan 732 perubahan  item pekerjaan konstruksi.  Identifikasi risiko didapat dari  frekuensi perubahan diatas 35% yang merupakan frekuensi menengah yang cenderung meningkatkan terjadinya change order. Hasil identifikasi risiko didapat pada  31 item pekerjaan konstruksi, yang tertinggi persentase pada pekerjaan  Marka Jalan Termoplastik, diikuti 30 item pekerjaan konstruksi lainnya.

Improving materials logistics plan in road construction projects using discrete event simulation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Alvanchi ◽  
Farshid Baniassadi ◽  
Mahdi Shahsavari ◽  
Hamed Kashani
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Event Simulation ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Combinatorial Problem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Event Simulation ◽  
Material Sources

PurposeMotivated by the high cost of material movements in road construction projects, past studies have used analytical methods to optimize materials logistics plans. A key shortcoming of these methods is their inability to capture the uncertain, dynamic and complex characteristics of the road construction material logistics. Failure to incorporate these characteristics can lead to sub-optimal results. The purpose of this study is to propose the use of discrete event simulation (DES) to address the existing shortfall.Design/methodology/approachDespite the powerful capabilities of DES models in capturing the operational complexities of construction projects, they have not been previously utilized to optimize the material logistics of road construction projects. The proposed DES-based method in this research captures the operational details of material logistics and uses a heuristic approach to overcome the combinatorial problem of numerous choices. The method was applied to a 63.5 km real-world road construction project case to demonstrate its capabilities.FindingsSix different material types from 28 material sources were used in the case. Approximately 1.5% of the material logistics costs were saved by following the proposed method and choosing appropriate material sources.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the body of knowledge by leveraging the capabilities of DES and presenting a novel method for improving the materials logistics plan of road construction projects. The proposed method provides practitioners with the basis for capturing the key operational details that were overlooked in the past. The proposed method can be adopted in road construction projects to reduce the overall material procurement cost.

scholarly journals RISK MANAGEMENT IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION: THE CASE OF SRI LANKA

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.A.K.S Perera
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Risk Allocation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Risk Sources ◽  
Risk Event ◽  
Risk Handling

Risk is an unavoidable phenomenon in construction projects. Proper risk allocation in construction contracts has therefore come to assume prominence because risk identification and risk allocation have a clear bearing on risk handling decisions. The proper management of risks requires that they be identified and allocated in a well‐defined manner. This can only be achieved if contracting parties comprehend their risk responsibilities, risk event conditions, and risk handling capabilities. This research aims at identifying the risk responsibilities of contractual parties in order to improve their risk handling strategies with regard to Sri Lankan road projects. Semi‐structured interviews were used for the primary data collection. This was complemented with documentary evidence. The results show that road construction projects in Sri Lanka are exposed to many risk sources while most risks are borne by parties who were assigned with risks via contract clauses. However, parties not allocated with risks too happened to bear the consequences of such risks. Therefore, it is concluded that there is no one best way to respond to a risk and that different risk handling strategies should be adopted in order to deal effectively with risks. Santruka Rizika ‐ neišvengiamas statybu projektu reiškinys. Todel svarbus tapo tinkamas rizikos paskirstymas statybu rangos sutartyse, nes rizikos nustatymas ir rizikos paskirstymas daro akivaizdžia itaka rizikos valdymo sprendimams. Norint gerai valdyti rizika, reikia ja nustatyti ir tinkamai paskirstyti. Tai imanoma tik tuomet, jei sutarties šalys supranta savo atsakomybe už rizika, rizikos atveju salygas ir rizikos valdymo galimybes. Šiame tyrime, siekiant pagerinti sutarties šaliu rizikos valdymo strategijas, meginama nustatyti, kokia atsakomybe už rizika prisiima sutarties šalys pagal Šri Lankos keliu tiesimo projektus. Pirminiai duomenys surinkti iš pusiau struktūriniu interviu. Jie papildyti dokumentiniais irodymais. Iš rezultatu aiškeja, kad keliu tiesimo projektai Šri Lankoje imlūs daugybei rizikos šaltiniu, o daugeli rizikos rūšiu prisiima šalys, kurioms rizika priskiria sutarties nuostatos. Tačiau šalys, kurioms rizika nera priskirta, kartais irgi patiria tokios rizikos pasekmiu. Todel daroma išvada, kad nera vieno geriausio būdo reaguoti i rizika ir kad reikia taikyti ivairias rizikos valdymo strategijas, siekiant efektyviai spresti rizikos situacijas.

scholarly journals Identification of geodetic risk factors occurring at the construction project preparation stage

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kowacka ◽  
Dariusz Skorupka ◽  
Artur Duchaczek ◽  
Paweł Zagrodnik
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
The Road ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Preparation Stage

AbstractThe work contains information on the implementation of surveying works in the road construction process. The aim of the research was to identify geodetic risk factors occurring at the stage of preparation of a construction project, the presence of which can greatly disrupt the undertaking such as the road construction. The research was carried out on the basis of expert knowledge, documentation obtained from various road construction projects and the analysis of disturbances at the initial stage of works.

scholarly journals Earthwork Planning and Visualisation of Time-Location Information in Road Construction Projects

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
R. K. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Progress Monitoring ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Planning And Scheduling ◽  
Time Space ◽  
College Of Engineering

<p>Accurate information of locations from visual aspect is vital for efficient resource planning and managing the workspace conflicts in the earthwork operations, which are missing in the existing linear schedules. Hence, the construction managers have to depend on the subjective decisions and intangible imagining for resources allocation, workspace conflicts and location-based progress monitoring in the earthwork projects. This has caused uncertainties in planning and scheduling of earthworks, and consequently delays and cost overruns of the projects. To overcome these issues, a framework of computer based prototype model was developed using the theory of location-based planning. This paper focuses on the case study experiments to demonstrate the functions of the model, which includes automatic generation of location-based earthwork schedules and visualisation of cut-fill locations on a weekly basis. The experiment results confirmed the model’s capability in identifying precise weekly locations of cut-fill and also visualising the time-space conflicts at the earthwork projects. Hence, the paper concludes that the model is a useful decision supporting tool to improve site productivity and reduce production cost of earthworks in the construction projects like roads and railways. </p><p><em>Journal of Advanced College of Engineering and Management, Vol. 1, 2015</em>, pp. 75-84</p>

scholarly journals Performance of soft clay stabilized with sand columns treated by silica fume

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Zeena Samueel ◽  
Hussein Karim ◽  
Mohammed Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Silica Fume ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Reduction Ratio ◽  
Area Replacement Ratio ◽  
Second Category ◽  
Improvement Ratio

In many road construction projects, if weak soil exists, then uncontrollable settlement and critical load carrying capacity are major difficult problems to the safety and serviceability of roads in these areas. Thus ground improvement is essential to achieve the required level of performance. The paper presents results of the tests of four categories. First category was performed on saturated soft bed of clay without any treatment, the second category shed light on the improvement achieved in loading carrying capacity and settlement as a result of reinforcing with conventional sand columns at area replacement ratio = 0.196. The third set investigates the bed reinforced by sand columns stabilized with dry silica fume at different percentages (3, 5 and 7%) and the fourth set investigates the behavior of sand columns treated with slurry silica fume at two percentages (10 and 12%). All sand columns models were constructed at (R.D= 60%). Model tests were performed on bed of saturated soil prepared at undrained shear strength between 16-20 kPa for all models. For all cases, the model test was loaded gradually by stress increments up to failure. Stress deformation measurements are recorded and analyzed in terms of bearing improvement ratio and settlement reduction ratio. Optimum results were indicated from soil treated with sand columns stabilized with 7% dry silica fume at medium state reflecting the highest bearing improvement ratio (3.04) and the settlement reduction ratio (0.09) after 7 days curing. While soil treated with sand columns stabilized with 10% slurry silica fume provided higher bearing improvement ratio 3.13 with lower settlement reduction ratio of 0.57 after 7-days curing.

scholarly journals Delay and cost overrun in road construction projects in Jordan

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Al-Hazim ◽  
Zaydoun Abusalem
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Change Orders ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to identify the most important factors that cause delay in road construction projects in Jordan, which results in cost and time overrun allocated for this type of engineering projects and cause critical problems for both the developer and the contractor. The gap between the cost at completion and that originally estimated, known as cost overrun, can be regarded as one of the most important parameters reflecting the success of projects. In the public sector, money spent on project change orders results in increased construction time which in return reduces the number and size of the projects that can be completed during any given fiscal year. To achieve this goal, the documents and the final reports for several sample projects implemented over the years 2000 to 2008 were analyzed. All the projects were administered by the same organization taken from Jordan Ministry of Rural and Public Works. The results of this study can assist highway officials in their design, planning, scheduling and projects completions so that necessary actions can be taken to control these overruns in future projects. The study showed that 19 factors might cause delays of road construction projects as defined through a detailed literature review. The analysis of the study indicated that the top causes affecting time and cost overrun in road construction projects in Jordan are Terrain and Weather conditions.

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