scholarly journals Treatment Of Tofu Industry Wastewater Using Bioreactor Anaerobic-Aerobic And Bioball As Media With Variation Of Hidraulic Retention Time

REAKTOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Ariani Dwi Astuti ◽  
Dewi Intania Ayu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Small Industries

Tofu which is made by grinding soy bean, generates huge amount of wastewater and thus considered as one of the most polluted food-industrial effluent owing to its high values of organic contents. The small industries of tofu preparation process release the wastewater directly into the water body without being treated first. Prior to discharge this wastewater into the waterbody, the wastewater must be treated to reduce the possibility of negative impact and the contamination of the waterbody. For these small industries, the best alternative of wastewater treatment is one which has the following criteria: easy in operation, low cost operation, low volumes of sludge produced, and can be used in high concentration wastewater. In this research, bioreactor anaerobic-aerobic with media bioball is used. The highest removal efficiency of COD took place in anaerobic zones. Bioreactors were operated with the variations of retention time at 24 hours, 18 hours, and 12 hours. The COD removal efficiency for Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 24 hours, 18 hours and 12 hours were found 90.3% (organic loading rate is 15.1 kg COD/m3.day), 84.4% and 76.3% respectively. The experiment showed that the longer of the hydraulic retention time (HRT), the higher the removal efficiency could be achieved. These occurred because a longer HRT will extend the contact time between wastewater and microorganisms attached. Therefore, microorganisms have a longer time to degrade organic matter in wastewater. Although the removal efficiency in these three-HRT was found high, the effluent of the reactor was still above the effluent standard based on regulation of Ministry of Environmental Permen LH No. 5/2014. Kinetics using Eckenfelder Equation results R2 equal to 0.9991, n equal to 0.293 and K equivalent to 7.3577 mg/L. Keywords: tofu wastewater, anaerobe, aerobe, bioball, wastewater, treatment, attached growth

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF A WETLAND SYSTEM IN THE POST-TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Zacarkim ◽  
Luciano Caetano De Oliveira ◽  
Nayara Symanski ◽  
Fernando Rodolfo Espinoza Quinõnes ◽  
Soraya Moreno Palácio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Wetland System ◽  
Simple Technology ◽  
Conventional Systems

The study was based on a surface flow wetland system, using the macrophyte Eicchornia crassipes. The use of wetlands as an alternative in the wastewater treatment process has been employed due to the handling and simple technology, addition to the low cost compared to conventional systems. Three hydraulic retention times, they are 4, 6 and 8 days were analyzed. In general the system showed significant results in relation to removals of nutrients for all TRH reviews, where the hydraulic retention time of 6 days achieved the best performance. The proposed system achieved 79.91% reductions for COD, 83.51% of Total Phosphorus, Total Nitrogen 67.93%, 87.7% chromium and 52% Sulfur.

Study on Livestock and Poultry Farming Wastewater Treatment Using a Hybrid Baffled Reactor

2011 ◽  
Vol 201-203 ◽  
pp. 2797-2802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jun Shi ◽  
Li Tong Ban ◽  
Hui Fen Liu ◽  
Jian Chao Hao ◽  
Wei Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Baffled Reactor ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Aerobic Process ◽  
Poultry Farming

In this paper aerobic process was applied in an anaerobic baffled reactor to form an innovative Hybrid Baffled Reactor (HBR), which was used to investigate the treatment effect of livestock and poultry farming wastewater. Biofilm cultivation, the influence of Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) and treatment effect in three tanks were also discussed. The study result showed that good COD and NH4+-N removal efficiency was achieved in the reactor. When the influent COD concentration, NH4+-N concentration and HRT were 900 mg/L, 200 mg/L and 24 h, the concentrations of COD and NH4+-N in the outlet were smaller than 100 mg/L and 70 mg/L, and COD removal efficiency and nitrification rate were 90% and 70% respectively.

scholarly journals Optimization of Biogas Production from Dairy Wastewater using Upflow Anaerobic Filter (UAF) Reactor

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1469-1472
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Filter ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency

The present study explores the feasibility of biogas production from dairy wastewater in the UAF reactor with simultaneous wastewater treatment. The study was carried out at different hydraulic retention times (8h, 12h, 16h, 24h). Two different media such as pebble stone media and aggregate media were used as the packed media. The maximum COD removal efficiency of 91.55 % is achieved at the hydraulic retention time of 24 Hours with an organic loading rate of 1.35 kg/m3 /d for aggregate media, whereas for pebble stone media a maximum COD removal efficiency of 76.32 % is achieved. Before the start of the experiments, the COD/BOD ratio is fixed to 1.4 with initial COD and BOD of 1350 mg/L and 960 mg/L. So, from the results it is concluded that the Upflow Anaerobic Filter (UAF) Reactor can be used as a one of the best treatment methods for the diary wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Laboratory- and full-scale studies on the removal of pharmaceuticals in an aerated constructed wetland: effects of aeration and hydraulic retention time on the removal efficiency and assessment of the aquatic risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1457-1465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannele Auvinen ◽  
Wilhelm Gebhardt ◽  
Volker Linnemann ◽  
Gijs Du Laing ◽  
Diederik P. L. Rousseau
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Water

Pharmaceutical residues in wastewater pose a challenge to wastewater treatment technologies. Constructed wetlands (CWs) are common wastewater treatment systems in rural areas and they discharge often in small water courses in which the ecology can be adversely affected by the discharged pharmaceuticals. Hence, there is a need for studies aiming to improve the removal of pharmaceuticals in CWs. In this study, the performance of a full-scale aerated sub-surface flow hybrid CW treating wastewater from a healthcare facility was studied in terms of common water parameters and pharmaceutical removal. In addition, a preliminary aquatic risk assessment based on hazard quotients was performed to estimate the likelihood of adverse effects on aquatic organisms in the forest creek where this CW discharges. The (combined) effect of aeration and hydraulic retention time (HRT) was evaluated in a laboratory-scale batch experiment. Excellent removal of the targeted pharmaceuticals was obtained in the full-scale CW (>90%) and, as a result, the aquatic risk was estimated low. The removal efficiency of only a few of the targeted pharmaceuticals was found to be dependent on the applied aeration (namely gabapentin, metformin and sotalol). Longer and the HRT increased the removal of carbamazepine, diclofenac and tramadol.

The nitrogen removal potential of predenitrification systems in sensitive coastal areas

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
E. Görgün ◽  
N. Artan ◽  
D. Orhon ◽  
R. Tasli
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Careful Evaluation ◽  
Denitrification Kinetics

Effective nitrogen removal is now required to protect water quality in sensitive coastal areas. This involves a much more difficult treatment process than for conventional domestic sewage as wastewater quantity and quality exhibits severe fluctuations in touristic zones. Activated sludge is currently the most widely used wastewater treatment and may be upgraded as a predenitrification system for nitrogen removal. Interpretation of nitrification and denitrification kinetics reveal a number of useful correlations between significant parameters such as sludge age, C/N ratio, hydraulic retention time, total influent COD. Nitrogen removal potential of predenitrification may be optimized by careful evaluation of wastewater character and the kinetic correlations.

Evaluation of a tropical single-cell waste stabilization pond system for irrigation

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. O. Ceballos ◽  
A. Konig ◽  
B. Lomans ◽  
A. B. Athayde ◽  
H. W. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Waste Stabilization Pond ◽  
North East ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Better Than

A single full-scale primary facultative pond in Sapé, north-east Brazil was monitored for performance and efficiency. The pond had a hydraulic retention time of 61 days and achieved a 95% BOD5 removal efficiency and had no helminth eggs in the effluent. The effluent failed to meet the WHO faecal coliform guideline for unrestricted irrigation. The pond was dominated by the cyanobacterium Microcystis and gave better than predicted orthophosphate removal. Details of how the system could be simply upgraded utilizing the same land are discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Biogas Production from Cow Dung in A Semi Continuous Anaerobic Digester

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Haryanto ◽  
Sugeng Triyono ◽  
Nugroho Hargo Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Anaerobic Digester ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Average Analysis

The efficiency of biogas production in semi-continuous anaerobic digester is influenced by several factors, among other is loading rate. This research aimed at determining the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the biogas yield. Experiment was conducted using lab scale self-designed anaerobic digester of 36-L capacity with substrate of a mixture of fresh cow dung and water at a ratio of 1:1. Experiment was run with substrate initial amount of 25 L and five treatment variations of HRT, namely 1.31 gVS/L/d (P1), 2.47 gVS/L/d (P2), 3.82 gVS/L/d (P3), 5.35 gVS/L/d (P4) and 6.67 gVS/L/d (P5). Digester performance including pH, temperature, and biogas yield was measured every day. After stable condition was achieved, biogas composition was analyzed using a gas chromatograph. A 10-day moving average analysis of biogas production was performed to compare biogas yield of each treatment. Results showed that digesters run quite well with average pH of 6.8-7.0 and average daily temperature 28.7-29.1. The best biogas productivity (77.32 L/kg VSremoval) was found in P1 treatment (organic loading rate of 1.31 g/L/d) with biogas yield of 7.23 L/d. With methane content of 57.23% treatment P1 also produce the highest methane yield. Biogas production showed a stable rate after the day of 44. Modified Gompertz kinetic equation is suitable to model daily biogas yield as a function of digestion time.Article History: Received March 24th 2018; Received in revised form June 2nd 2018; Accepted June 16th 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Haryanto, A., Triyono, S., and Wicaksono, N.H. (2018) Effect of Loading Rate on Biogas Production from Cow Dung in A Semi Continuous Anaerobic Digester. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(2), 93-100.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.2.93-100

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