Study on Livestock and Poultry Farming Wastewater Treatment Using a Hybrid Baffled Reactor

2011 ◽  
Vol 201-203 ◽  
pp. 2797-2802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jun Shi ◽  
Li Tong Ban ◽  
Hui Fen Liu ◽  
Jian Chao Hao ◽  
Wei Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Baffled Reactor ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Aerobic Process ◽  
Poultry Farming

In this paper aerobic process was applied in an anaerobic baffled reactor to form an innovative Hybrid Baffled Reactor (HBR), which was used to investigate the treatment effect of livestock and poultry farming wastewater. Biofilm cultivation, the influence of Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) and treatment effect in three tanks were also discussed. The study result showed that good COD and NH4+-N removal efficiency was achieved in the reactor. When the influent COD concentration, NH4+-N concentration and HRT were 900 mg/L, 200 mg/L and 24 h, the concentrations of COD and NH4+-N in the outlet were smaller than 100 mg/L and 70 mg/L, and COD removal efficiency and nitrification rate were 90% and 70% respectively.

scholarly journals Treatment Of Tofu Industry Wastewater Using Bioreactor Anaerobic-Aerobic And Bioball As Media With Variation Of Hidraulic Retention Time

REAKTOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Ariani Dwi Astuti ◽  
Dewi Intania Ayu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Small Industries

Tofu which is made by grinding soy bean, generates huge amount of wastewater and thus considered as one of the most polluted food-industrial effluent owing to its high values of organic contents. The small industries of tofu preparation process release the wastewater directly into the water body without being treated first. Prior to discharge this wastewater into the waterbody, the wastewater must be treated to reduce the possibility of negative impact and the contamination of the waterbody. For these small industries, the best alternative of wastewater treatment is one which has the following criteria: easy in operation, low cost operation, low volumes of sludge produced, and can be used in high concentration wastewater. In this research, bioreactor anaerobic-aerobic with media bioball is used. The highest removal efficiency of COD took place in anaerobic zones. Bioreactors were operated with the variations of retention time at 24 hours, 18 hours, and 12 hours. The COD removal efficiency for Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 24 hours, 18 hours and 12 hours were found 90.3% (organic loading rate is 15.1 kg COD/m3.day), 84.4% and 76.3% respectively. The experiment showed that the longer of the hydraulic retention time (HRT), the higher the removal efficiency could be achieved. These occurred because a longer HRT will extend the contact time between wastewater and microorganisms attached. Therefore, microorganisms have a longer time to degrade organic matter in wastewater. Although the removal efficiency in these three-HRT was found high, the effluent of the reactor was still above the effluent standard based on regulation of Ministry of Environmental Permen LH No. 5/2014. Kinetics using Eckenfelder Equation results R2 equal to 0.9991, n equal to 0.293 and K equivalent to 7.3577 mg/L. Keywords: tofu wastewater, anaerobe, aerobe, bioball, wastewater, treatment, attached growth

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN IMPELLER TERHADAP KINERJA SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR PADA LIMBAH CAIR TAHU

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Ilham Yadaturrahmah ◽  
Novirina Hendrasarie
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
N Removal

Saat ini usaha industri tahu sedang berkembang. Limbah yang dihasilkan dari industri tahu akan menjadi suatu permasalahan bagi lingkungan. Pengolahan air limbah industri tahu dapat dilakukan dengan cara pengolahan biologis karena dapat menurunkan kandungan organik pada air limbah tahu.  Salah satu teknologi pengolahan limbah yang efektif dan efisien adalah Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR).  Prinsip operasi SBR adalah mengisi dan menarik (fill and draw), yang terdiri dari lima tahap yaitu pengisian (fill), reaksi (reaction), pengendapan (settle), pembuangan air olahan (decand) dan pembuangan lumpur (idle).  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja SBR dengan penambahan impeller pada fase aerobik dalam menurunkan kandungan BOD, PO4 dan N Total pada air limbah tahu. SBR dioperasikan dengan waktu retensi hidrolik (HRT) dan kecepatan pengadukan yang bervariasi, yaitu masing-masing sebesar 24, 36 jam dan 48 jam serta kecepatan pengadukan sebesar 50, 100 dan 150 rpm. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan HRT dan kecepatan pengadukan optimum, yaitu masing-masing sebesar 48 jam dan 150 rpm. Dengan efisiensi penyisihan BOD, PO4 dan N Total yang dihasilkan, masing-masing sebesar 93,33%, 90,97% dan 93,73%. Kata kunci: air limbah tahu, impeller, kecepatan, pengadukan, Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), waktu retensi hidrolik (HRT).  Currently the tofu industry is growing. The waste produced from the tofu industry will be a problem for the environment. Tofu industrial wastewater treatment can be done by biological treatment because it can reduce the organic content in tofu wastewater. One of the effective and efficient waste treatments is Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). The principle of operation of the SBR is fill and draw, which consists of five stages, fill,, reaction, settle, decand and idle. This study aims to see the performance of SBR with the addition of an impeller in the aerobic phase in reducing the content of BOD, PO4 and Total N in tofu wastewater. SBR is operated with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) and varying stirring speeds, namely 24, 36 and 48 hours respectively and stirring speeds of 50, 100 and 150 rpm. The results showed that the optimal HRT and stirring speed were 48 hours and 150 rpm, respectively. With the efficiency of BOD, PO4 and Total N removal produced, respectively 93,33%, 90,97% and 93,73%. Keywords: Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT), impeller, Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), speed, stirring, Tofu Industrial Wastewater. 

scholarly journals Farklı Hidrolik Bekletme Sürelerinin Anaerobik Perdeli Reaktörde Sülfat İndirgenmesi Üzerine Etkisi / Effect of Different Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) on Sulfate Reduction in Anaerobic Baffled Reactor

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 487
Author(s):  
Şebnem ÖZDEMİR ◽  
Dilek Akman ◽  
Kevser CIRIK ◽  
Serden Başak ◽  
Arzu Kılıç ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Sulfate Concentration ◽  
Anaerobic Baffled Reactor ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
High Sulfate

Amaç: Doğal sularda değişen yapılarda ve konsantrasyonlarda sülfat bileşikleri bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca bazı endüstriyel atıksuların sülfat miktarı yüksektir ve doğal sulara karıştıklarında alıcı ortamdaki sülfat miktarını arttırmaktadır. Mevcut aerobik sistemlerin artan enerji maliyetlerinin işletme giderimini önemli ölçüde yükseltmesi nedeniyle anaerobik sistemler ekonomik bir atıksu arıtma alternatifi olarak önem kazanmıştır. Bu yüzden son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalar sülfat içeren atıksuların arıtımında anaerobik arıtımın üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. Anaerobik arıtım sistemlerinden anaerobik perdeli reaktör (APR) yapılan çalışmalar ışığında sülfat indirgenmesi için iyi bir stratejidir. Fakat sülfat içeren atıksuların anaerobik arıtım performansını etkileyen birçok parametre mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada farklı hidrolik bekleme sürelerinin (HBS) anaerobik perdeli reaktörde yüksek sülfat konsantrasyonuna sahip atıksuların arıtılabilirlik çalışmasına etkisi araştırılmıştır. Tasarım ve Yöntem: APR yukarı akışlı anaerobik çamur yataklı reaktörün bir modifikasyonudur. Kullanılan APR’nin uzunluğu 80 cm, genişliği ve derinliği ise 20 cm’dir. Reaktör camdan imal edilmiş olup toplam su hacmi 19 L’dir. Reaktör perdeler ile 4,75 L’lik dört eşit bölmeye ayrılmıştır. Ayrıca, yönlendirme perdeleri kullanılarak reaktöre beslenen atıksuyun çamur yatağında aşağıdan yukarıya doğru bir yol izlemesi sağlanmıştır. Çalışmada sentetik atıksu kullanılıp elektron verici olarak etanol, elektron alıcı olarak ise sülfat kullanılmıştır. Reaktörün her bölmesinden pH, alkalinite, kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (KOİ), sülfat ve sülfür tayinleri için haftada 3 gün numune alınmıştır. Bulgular: APR 120 gün boyunca farklı HBS’lerde (2; 1,5; 1; 0,5 gün) işletilerek arıtım performansı izlenmiştir. Bekleme süresinin 2 gün olduğu çalışma koşullarında çıkış suyundaki KOİ ve SO4-2 verimleri %84 ile %88 olarak gözlemlenirken bekleme süresinin 0,5 gün olduğu çalışma koşullarında ise bu değer %80 ve %75 olarak gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca bekleme süresinin 2 gün olduğu çalışma koşullarında son bölmedeki sülfür oluşum verimi % 75 iken, bekleme süresi 0,5 güne indirildiğinde aynı bölmedeki sülfür oluşum veriminin %96’a çıktığı gözlemlenmiştir. Çıkarımlar ve Özgün Değer: Yapılan bu çalışma ile yüksek sülfat konsantrasyona sahip atıksuların arıtımında anaerobik perdeli reaktörün iyi bir alternatif olabileceği kanıtlanmıştır. Ayrıca çıkış sülfat ve sülfür konsantrasyonlarının değişen HBS’den etkilenmediği gözlenmiştir. Effect of Different Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) on Sulfate Reduction in Anaerobic Baffled Reactor Design and Method: The anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) is a modification of up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. A laboratory scale ABR was inoculated with an effluent of a full scale anaerobic digester located in Kayseri Wastewater Treatment Plant, Turkey. Before inoculation, the sludge was sieved to remove coarse materials. The ABR was 20 cm wide, 80 cm long, 20 cm deep and constructed from glass, with a working volume of 19 L. Reactor was divided into four equal 4.75 L compartments by vertical baffles, each compartment having down-comer and riser regions created by further vertical baffle. The lower parts of down-comer baffles were angled at 450 in order to direct the flow evenly through the riser. Ethanol and sulfate are consumed as electron donor and electron acceptor, respectively. Sulfate, dissolved sulfide, pH, alkalinity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) have measured three times a week. Aim: There are varying structures and concentrations of sulfate compounds in natural waters. In addition, the amount of sulfate is higher in some industrial wastewaters In addition, some industrial wastewaters and natural waters. Due to rise energy costs of existing aerobic systems, anaerobic systems have gained importance as an economic alternative to wastewater treatment. So that, recent studies have focused on anaerobic treatment of wastewaters containing sulfate. Anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) from anaerobic systems is a good strategy for the reduction of sulfate. However, many parameters that affect the performance of anaerobic treatment of wastewater containing sulfate are available. In this study, treatability wastewater containing high sulfate concentration investigated the effect of hydraulic retention times (HRT). Results: The performance of different hydraulic retention times (2; 1.5; 1; 0.5 day) were observed in ABR operated for 120 days. In working conditions of HRT is 2 days COD and sulfate removal efficiciency, respectively, were observed in 88% and 84% while in working conditions of HRT is 0.5 days these efficiencies were observed in 80% and 75%. Also the yield of sulfur formation under the same conditions had risen from 75% to 96% in last compartment. Inferences and Original Value: In this study, in anaerobic baffled reactor treatment of wastewaters with high sulfate concentration has proven to be a good alternative. Effluent sulfate and sulphur concentrations have not effected from varying hydraulic retention times.

scholarly journals Laboratory- and full-scale studies on the removal of pharmaceuticals in an aerated constructed wetland: effects of aeration and hydraulic retention time on the removal efficiency and assessment of the aquatic risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1457-1465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannele Auvinen ◽  
Wilhelm Gebhardt ◽  
Volker Linnemann ◽  
Gijs Du Laing ◽  
Diederik P. L. Rousseau
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Water

Pharmaceutical residues in wastewater pose a challenge to wastewater treatment technologies. Constructed wetlands (CWs) are common wastewater treatment systems in rural areas and they discharge often in small water courses in which the ecology can be adversely affected by the discharged pharmaceuticals. Hence, there is a need for studies aiming to improve the removal of pharmaceuticals in CWs. In this study, the performance of a full-scale aerated sub-surface flow hybrid CW treating wastewater from a healthcare facility was studied in terms of common water parameters and pharmaceutical removal. In addition, a preliminary aquatic risk assessment based on hazard quotients was performed to estimate the likelihood of adverse effects on aquatic organisms in the forest creek where this CW discharges. The (combined) effect of aeration and hydraulic retention time (HRT) was evaluated in a laboratory-scale batch experiment. Excellent removal of the targeted pharmaceuticals was obtained in the full-scale CW (>90%) and, as a result, the aquatic risk was estimated low. The removal efficiency of only a few of the targeted pharmaceuticals was found to be dependent on the applied aeration (namely gabapentin, metformin and sotalol). Longer and the HRT increased the removal of carbamazepine, diclofenac and tramadol.

The nitrogen removal potential of predenitrification systems in sensitive coastal areas

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
E. Görgün ◽  
N. Artan ◽  
D. Orhon ◽  
R. Tasli
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Careful Evaluation ◽  
Denitrification Kinetics

Effective nitrogen removal is now required to protect water quality in sensitive coastal areas. This involves a much more difficult treatment process than for conventional domestic sewage as wastewater quantity and quality exhibits severe fluctuations in touristic zones. Activated sludge is currently the most widely used wastewater treatment and may be upgraded as a predenitrification system for nitrogen removal. Interpretation of nitrification and denitrification kinetics reveal a number of useful correlations between significant parameters such as sludge age, C/N ratio, hydraulic retention time, total influent COD. Nitrogen removal potential of predenitrification may be optimized by careful evaluation of wastewater character and the kinetic correlations.

Evaluation of a tropical single-cell waste stabilization pond system for irrigation

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. O. Ceballos ◽  
A. Konig ◽  
B. Lomans ◽  
A. B. Athayde ◽  
H. W. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Waste Stabilization Pond ◽  
North East ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Better Than

A single full-scale primary facultative pond in Sapé, north-east Brazil was monitored for performance and efficiency. The pond had a hydraulic retention time of 61 days and achieved a 95% BOD5 removal efficiency and had no helminth eggs in the effluent. The effluent failed to meet the WHO faecal coliform guideline for unrestricted irrigation. The pond was dominated by the cyanobacterium Microcystis and gave better than predicted orthophosphate removal. Details of how the system could be simply upgraded utilizing the same land are discussed.

Study on Wastewater Contaminant Removal Efficiency by Carbon Fiber Ecological Grass

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 2300-2305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Guo ◽  
Wei Fang Ma ◽  
Jian Dong Ye ◽  
Chang Jiang Kou
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Contaminant Removal ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Stirring Rate ◽  
N Removal

The aim of this study is to investigate the contaminant removal efficiency in wastewater when disposed by carbon fiber ecological grass. The paper analyzed the TN, TP, CODMn, NH4+-N and SS removal efficiency when used different dosage of carbon fiber ecological grass. The research results indicated that the contaminant removal efficiency at pH=8 is higher than pH=6, 7 and 9. When DO between 5.6 and 8, the TN, TP and NH4+-N removal efficiency has a highest level, the removal efficiency is 83.91%, 68.16% and 83.3% respectively. When DO between 8.1 and 10.7, the CODMn removal efficiency has a highest level, the removal efficiency is 57.93%. The stirring rate is important to the contaminant adsorption and removal. Consequently, selecting carbon fiber ecological grass in wastewater treatment is a good choice.

scholarly journals UJI PERFORMANCE BIOFILTER ANAEROBIK UNGGUN TETAP MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA BIOFILTER SARANG TAWON UNTUK PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH RUMAH POTONG AYAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusa Idaman Said ◽  
Firly Firly
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Aerobic Process ◽  
Plan Study ◽  
Plastic Media

An experiment of anaerobic biofilter using honeycomb plastic media was conducted in semi-pilot scale. This paper describes the pilot plan study of chicken’s slaughterhouse wastewater treatment using anaerobic and aerobic submerged biofilter using honeycomb plastic media. The main research was conducting by continuous operation under condition 4 days, 2 days and 1 day retention time. The result of experiment shows that within the anaerobic process under conditions 1- 4 days retention time, the removal efficiency of COD were 78 – 87 %, BOD  were 78 – 89   %, 73 – 83 % , and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) were 83 – 96 %  respectively.  Using combined anaerobic and aerobic process under same conditions 1 - 4 days retention time shows increasing of removal efficiency.  The removal efficiency of COD were 86 – 90 %, BOD were 85 – 90 %, Organics (KMnO4) were 81 – 88 % and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) were 94 – 96 % respectively.  The longer retention time has resulted in higher removal efficiency. Kata Kunci : Biofilter anaerobik, media sarang tawon, air limbah, rumah potong ayam.

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