scholarly journals Artillery Supported by Infantry: The Royal Artillery at the Battle of Monmouth Courthouse

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-178
Author(s):  
Michael Timpanaro and Victor Pidermann
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Revolutionary War ◽  
Careful Attention ◽  
British Army ◽  
Future Analysis ◽  
Made In ◽  
Parent Organizations

This paper analyzes three questions concerning the Royal Artillery at the Battle of Monmouth Courthouse: how many artillery pieces were used during the battle, which units were employed, and what role the Royal Artillery played in relationship to its parent organizations, the British Army and the British Board of Ordnance. Each of these topics have been seldom discussed, especially in connection to the narrative of the Battle of Monmouth. It is hoped that these inquiries can provide some clarity on the Royal Artillery’s part in the battle, and might spark new efforts of research by future scholars of the American Revolutionary War.            In examining these points, careful attention was made in discussing the overall structure of the Royal Artillery and offering a comparison/contrast with its opponent: the Continental Artillery. The main primary source consulted in this discussion was the official Papers of Brigadier-General James Pattison, commander of Royal Artillery forces in North America. These research endeavors resulted in a concrete number of guns used during the Monmouth campaign, some strong indications for the particular units employed, as well as some new insights concerning the traditional interpretation of the battle that may require future analysis.

Presence of Undeclared Peanut Protein in Chocolate Bars Imported from Europe

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 1932-1934 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER VADAS ◽  
BORIS PERELMAN
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Peanut Protein ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Peanut Allergens ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
Fatal Anaphylaxis ◽  
Made In

Peanut allergens are both stable and potent and are capable of inducing anaphylactic reactions at low concentrations. Consequently, the consumption of peanuts remains the most common cause of food-induced anaphylactic death. Since accidental exposure to peanuts is a common cause of potentially fatal anaphylaxis in peanut-allergic individuals, we tested for the presence of peanut protein in chocolate bars produced in Europe and North America that did not list peanuts as an ingredient. Ninety-two chocolate bars, of which 32 were manufactured in North America and 60 were imported from Europe, were tested by the Veratox assay. None of the 32 North American chocolate products, including 19 with precautionary labeling, contained detectable peanut protein. In contrast, 30.8% of products from western Europe without precautionary labeling contained detectable levels of peanut protein. Sixty-two percent of products from eastern Europe without precautionary labeling contained detectable peanut protein at levels of up to 245 ppm. The absence of precautionary labeling and the absence of the declaration of “peanut” as an ingredient in chocolate bars made in eastern and central Europe were not found to guarantee that these products were actually free of contaminating peanut protein. In contrast, North American manufacturers have attained a consistent level of safety and reliability for peanut-allergic consumers.

Development of the Sheraton hotel chainDevelopment of the Sheraton hotel chain

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (04) ◽  
pp. 137-139
Author(s):  
Mehdi Elman oğlu Bağırov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Sheraton Hotel ◽  
Hotel Chains ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Hotel Chain ◽  
Made In

The distribution of the world's hotel chains to more and more countries is also reflected in our country, and the development of this type of chain hotels is growing day by day. Along with the development of technology, the tourism infrastructure and its key element, the hotel industry, is also developing. Today, investments are being made in a planned way to modernize the hotel business, build new hotels, and introduce new technologies and forms of service. Sheraton Hotels and Resorts is an international hotel chain owned by Marriott International. Sheraton has 446 hotels with 155,617 rooms worldwide, including locations in North America, Africa, Asia, Central and South America, Europe, the Middle East and the Caribbean. Key words: hotel chains, investment, technology, hotel business, tourism infrastructure

A NOTE ON THE OCCURRENCE OF COLEOPHORA FRISCHELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: COLEOPHORIDAE) IN NORTH AMERICA

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 1229-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Pilley ◽  
R. A. Trieselmann
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
First Record ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sweet Clover ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Melilotus Alba ◽  
St Lawrence River ◽  
Made In

The first record of the occurrence in North America of the white-tipped clover case-moth, Coleophora frischella L., was made in June 1966 when a single adult was taken by Heinemann on Picton Island, N.Y., in the St. Lawrence River (Freeman, personal communication). Independently, Trieselmann collected the larvae from white sweet-clover, Melilotus alba Desr., on 28 July through to 8 August 1966 at many points around Pembroke, Ont. Detailed examinations made at two of the collection points indicated that between 15 and 20% of sweetclover seeds were damaged. Because of its potential economic significance, the authors wish to make the presence of this species known to agricultural entomologists in Canada and the United States.

scholarly journals Slender Moonwort, Botrychium lineare (Ophioglossaceae), Rediscovered in Quebec

2009 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Cayouette ◽  
Donald R. Farrar
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Ongoing Study ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Allozyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Spore Size ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
Gaspe Peninsula ◽  
Made In

Slender Moonwort (Botrychium lineare), described in 1994, is a very rare fern in eastern North America. It was known in Quebec, Canada, from only two sites in the Gaspé Peninsula but has not been relocated since its discovery at these sites in 1902 and 1942. An ongoing study of B. lineare and its recent discovery in northern Minnesota prompted a re-examination of a 1972 collection made in western Quebec, in Gatineau Park, previously identified under various names, including B. campestre. A recent visit (2008) to the Gatineau Park site disclosed continued presence of similar plants. Based on morphological characters, spore size, genotype (allozyme electrophoresis), and appropriate habitat features, we conclude that the newly discovered plants and those of the 1972 collection are B. lineare. B. lineare appears on the Quebec government list of plant species likely to be designated threatened or vulnerable.

Radiocarbon and Protein Analyses Indicate an Early Holocene Age for the Osseous Rod from Grenfell, Saskatchewan, Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 782-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Ives ◽  
Duane Froese ◽  
Matthew Collins ◽  
Fiona Brock
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
North America ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Made In ◽  
Do So

AbstractThe Grenfell bone rod resembles other instances of Clovis-era organic or osseous technology and has on a number of occasions been considered with other Clovis bone, antler, and ivory rods or beveled artifacts. It had been suspected of being constructed from proboscidean long bone. As an early discovery (made in 1883), the Grenfell artifact had somewhat obscure provenience details and a lengthy curatorial history. We describe accelerator mass spectrometry and zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry methods that allow rapid, minimally destructive determinations of both the age and the raw material composition of osseous artifacts. Our analysis reveals that the Grenfell artifact is actually a terminal Paleoindian-era manifestation made of bison bone. Similar methods could be more widely applied in North America in order to build more refined data sets for osseous technologies. These results also reveal the ease with which archaeologists can secure additional information from existing collections, highlighting our ethical obligations to do so.

The Williston Basin and its Exploration Problems

Geophysics ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-581
Author(s):  
Gerhard E. Lukk
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Williston Basin ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

Only recently has the Williston Basin, which gets its name from the City of Williston located on the Missouri River 20 miles east of the Montana-North Dakota border, become of great interest to the exploration departments of the oil industry. This interest in one of the largest and oldest geological basins in North-America was created by discoveries of oil in commercial quantities. A minor discovery was made in February', 1951 near Virden, Manitoba, followed by the discovery' of the Clarence Iverson Well in the vicinity of the Nesson Anticline on the 4th of April, 1951, followed by the discoveries of September, 1951 in the H. O. Bakken Well in the Tioga pool and in December of the same year the Shell Oil Company's discovery at Richey, Montana. The Virden Well is located near the northeastern border of the Williston Basin and Madison production was developed there by the California Standard Company. The Clarence Iverson Well was developed by the Amerada Petroleum Corporation and it produced from the Devonian and Madison.

scholarly journals Interlaboratory Agreement of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Concentrations Measured by Mass Spectrometry

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly D Cox ◽  
Filipe Lopes ◽  
Getachew A Woldemariam ◽  
Jessica O Becker ◽  
Mark C Parkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Endogenous Protein ◽  
Calibration Materials ◽  
Single Laboratory ◽  
Made In

Abstract BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)7 is a key mediator of growth hormone (GH) action and a well-characterized biomarker of GH abuse. Current immunoassays for IGF-1 suffer from poor concordance between platforms, which makes comparison of results between laboratories difficult. Although previous work has demonstrated good interlaboratory imprecision of LC-MS/MS methods when plasma is supplemented with purified proteins, the interlaboratory imprecision of an endogenous protein in the nanogram-per-milliliter concentration range has not been reported. METHODS We deployed an LC-MS/MS method to quantify serum IGF-1 in 5 laboratories using 5 different instruments and analyzed 130 healthy human samples and 22 samples from patients with acromegaly. We determined measurement imprecision (CV) for differences due to instrumentation, calibration curve construction, method of calibration, and reference material. RESULTS Instrument-dependent variation, exclusive of digestion, across 5 different instrument platforms was determined to be 5.6%. Interlaboratory variation was strongly dependent on calibration. Calibration materials from a single laboratory resulted in less variation than materials made in individual laboratories (CV 5.2% vs 12.8%, respectively). The mean imprecision for 152 samples between the 5 laboratories was 16.0% when a calibration curve was made in each laboratory and 11.1% when a single-point calibration approach was used. CONCLUSIONS The interlaboratory imprecision of serum IGF-1 concentrations is acceptable for use of the assay in antidoping laboratories and in standardizing results across clinical laboratories. The primary source of variability is not derived from the sample preparation but from the method of calibration.

scholarly journals The Influence of Atmospheric Blocking on Extreme Winter Minimum Temperatures in North America

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 4361-4381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirien Whan ◽  
Francis Zwiers ◽  
Jana Sillmann
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Regional climate models (RCMs) are the primary source of high-resolution climate projections, and it is of crucial importance to evaluate their ability to simulate extreme events under current climate conditions. Many extreme events are influenced by circulation features that occur outside, or on the edges of, RCM domains. Thus, it is of interest to know whether such dynamically controlled aspects of extremes are well represented by RCMs. This study assesses the relationship between upstream blocking and cold temperature extremes over North America in observations, reanalysis products (ERA-Interim and NARR), and RCMs (CanRCM4, CRCM5, HIRHAM5, and RCA4). Generalized extreme value distributions were fitted to winter minimum temperature (TNn) incorporating blocking frequency (BF) as a covariate, which is shown to have a significant influence on TNn. The magnitude of blocking influence in the RCMs is consistent with observations, but the spatial extent varies. CRCM5 and HIRHAM5 reproduce the pattern of influence best compared to observations. CanRCM4 and RCA4 capture the influence of blocking in British Columbia and the northeastern United States, but the extension of influence that is seen in observations and reanalysis into the southern United States is not evident. The difference in the 20-yr return value (20RV) of TNn between high and low BF in the Pacific Ocean indicates that blocking is associated with a decrease of up to 15°C in the 20RV over the majority of the United States and in western Canada. In northern North America the difference in the 20RV is positive as blocking is associated with warmer extreme cold temperatures. The 20RVs are generally simulated well by the RCMs.

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