scholarly journals Assessment of genetic divergence of Sesame seeds based on biochemical parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Barnali Roy ◽  
Amit Kumar Pal ◽  
A.K. Basu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Parental Genotype ◽  
Pattern Clustering ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Dietary Choice ◽  
Cluster Distance

The assessment of genetic divergence plays a significant role to identify promising genotypes to initiate crossing programme for crop improvement. The sesame being a nutritious oil seed crop containing various biochemical constituents used as a good dietary choice. The biochemical analysis was done taking freshly harvested seeds of eight (8) parental genotypes and twenty one (21) advance lines. The studies revealed that all the genotypes differed significantly among themselves for all the biochemical parameters including moisture content, oil content, its iodine number and saponification value, both crude and soluble protein, some mineral matters – Ca, P, Mn, Zn, Cu & Fe and Carbohydrate and ascorbic acid content. Mahalanobis generalized genetic distance using D² statistics for the assessment of genetic divergence amongst 29 genotypes based on biochemical parameters. All the genotypes were grouped into eleven distinct clusters. Maximum intra cluster divergence was noted against cluster IX with advance lines having black coloured seeds as its constituents. With regard to inter-cluster distance values the cluster X was mostly divergent from all other clusters and cluster II as the less divergent one from the rest. Cluster X with parental genotype B-14 was identified as superior cluster for the biochemical parameters on the basis of securing higher position for maximum number of characters. Constitution pattern clustering was independent of eco-geographical isolation. Promising segregants with higher oil yielding potentially may yield from inter se mating of advance line 14 and HT-1 with T-12, R-9 or advance lines 10, 14, 20.

Genetic divergence for quality, yield and yield components in Yardlong bean[Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ssp.sesquipedalis Verdc.]

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Rambabu ◽  
K. Ravinder Reddy ◽  
V. Kamala ◽  
P. Saidaiah ◽  
S. R. Pandravada
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Improvement Programme ◽  
Yardlong Bean ◽  
Clustering Pattern ◽  
Pod Length

Genetic divergence among 41 commercial Yardlong bean genotypes was investigated to select the parents for hybridization using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. The genotypes fall into seven clusters. Cluster VI had the maximum (12) and cluster VII had the minimum (1) number of genotypes. The intra cluster D2 value ranged from 0.00 (Cluster II, III, VI, VII) to 121.69 (Cluster V). The cluster V had the maximum D2 value (121.692) followed by Cluster IV (77.305) and Cluster I (46.391). The inter cluster D2 values of the seven clusters revealed that highest inter cluster generalized distance (607.945) was between cluster V and cluster VII, while the lowest (15.917) was between cluster II and cluster III. Regarding relative contribution of different traits towards divergence, pod length (48.66%) contributed maximum followed by pod ascorbic acid content (20.00%), pod girth (12.20%) and 100 seed weight (12.20%) among Yardlong bean genotypes. Based on genetic distances and clustering pattern, the most divergent genotypes identified are IC-582859, NSJ-362, IC-582850, IC-582872, IC-582851 and IC-582829 from III, V, and VI clusters could be used as best parents on crop improvement programme to produce desirable segregants for yield and yield attributes in Yardlong bean.

Genetic relationship between yield and battering quality in blackgram (Vigna Mungo L.)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Veni ◽  
E. Murugan ◽  
M. L. Mini ◽  
C. Vanniarajan ◽  
T. Radhamani
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Cluster Distance

An experiment was carried out to study the genetic divergence of 39 genotypes of blackgram. Biochemical parameters such crude protein, albumin and globulin content and yield attributing traits such as hundred seed weight and single plant yield were estimated. Grouping of genotypes into various clusters was done by Mahalnobis D2 statistics. The 39 genotypes were grouped into five clusters. Among the five clusters, cluster V had more number of genotypes. The highest value of intra cluster distance was recorded in cluster V while cluster I had minimum intra cluster distance and maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and cluster III. Among the nine characters single plant yield and hundred seed weight contributed maximum towards divergence. The study showed that the genotypes UH04-4, CO 5, KKB05011 and ACM07002 could be used for hybridization to develop high yielding blackgram varieties with good battering quality.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Based on Agro-Morphological Traits

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Tushar Arun Mohanty ◽  
Umesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Satish Kumar Singh ◽  
Digvijay Singh ◽  
Nitesh Kushwaha
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Maximum Contribution ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Sesame Genotypes ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Hybridization Programme

Genetic divergence among parents is of paramount importance in selecting them for hybridization programme for crop improvement. Genetic divergence was assessed among 30 sesame genotypes which were evaluated in RBD with an objective to classify and understand the nature and magnitude of genetic diversity with regard to grain yield, yield components and quality traits using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. The genotypes differed significantly regarding the characters studied and displayed marked divergence and were grouped into four clusters following Tocher’s method. Cluster I had twenty-seven genotypes while the Cluster II, cluster III and cluster IV were monogenotypic comprised only one genotype each. The oil content exhibited maximum contribution towards divergence. The  maximum inter  cluster  distance  was  recorded  between  cluster  III  and  IV (2717.76) followed by cluster I and IV (1760.59), cluster II and III (991.96), cluster I and II (695.67), cluster I and III (637.32) and cluster II and IV (584.59) indicating the chances of getting high yielding recombinants would be better if the crosses are made among the genotypes of these groups under timely sown condition. The genotypes in cluster III and cluster IV, due to maximum inter cluster distance between them, exhibited high degree of genetic diversity and thus may be utilized under inter varietal hybridization programme (transgressive breeding) for getting high yielding recombinants. The analysis of divergence indicated significant differences among parental lines for all the agro-morphological characters. Based on results obtained in the present investigation, it is concluded that the allelic diversity can be used for future breeding program. The traits under study are largely associated with each other and should be taken into consideration either simultaneously or alone for selecting a high yielding sesame genotype.

Genetic divergence analysis in cluster bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.]

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Remzeena ◽  
P. Anitha ◽  
Sameer Muhamed
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Cluster Bean ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Improvement Programme ◽  
Pod Length

Thirty cluster bean genotypes collected from NBPGR Regional Station, Jodhpur was assessed to estimate the genetic divergence using Mahalanobis D2 analysis. The genotypes exhibited wide variability for all the characters studied. Thirty genotypes were grouped into V clusters. Cluster I consisted the maximum number of genotypes (12) followed by cluster II with 10 and cluster IV with 6 genotypes. Cluster III and V had only one genotype each. Intra cluster distance was maximum in cluster I with 12 genotypes indicating the high intra cluster diversity and inter cluster distance was highest between cluster V and cluster III (D2=174782.9) followed by cluster II and V (D2=115239.7), cluster III and IV (D2=78577.82), cluster I and V (D2 = 69202.2), cluster II and IV (D2 =41433.2). Mean number of branches, number of pod clusters/plant, number of pods/plant and pod yield/plant was highest for cluster V. Pod length, pod girth and pod weight were maximum in cluster III. Cluster IV and I was earliest to attain 50% flowering, days to first fruit set. Cluster III and II took minimum days for first harvest. Traits that contributed to divergence were pod yield/plant, days to 50% flowering and days to first fruit set. Hence while designing a crop improvement programme, parents for hybridization may be selected based on the inter cluster distance, mean performance of different traits and contribution of traits to divergence.

Biochemical Analysis of Neoplastic Versus Nonneoplastic Abdominal Effusions in Dogs

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 372-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek D. Nestor ◽  
Sheila M. McCullough ◽  
David J. Schaeffer
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Lower Glucose ◽  
Low Glucose ◽  
Malignant Effusions ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
High Lactate

This prospective study of 15 dogs evaluated biochemical parameters in abdominal effusions of neoplastic and nonneoplastic origin in an attempt to identify markers for malignant effusions. Dogs in the neoplastic group had statistically significant lower glucose concentrations (mean, 72.6 mg/dL versus 110.0 mg/dL; P=0.0431) and higher lactate levels (mean, 3.81 mmol/L versus 1.68 mmol/L; P=0.0377) in their abdominal fluid than did dogs in the nonneoplastic group, indicating that low glucose and high lactate in abdominal effusions may be markers for neoplasia.

Genetic divergence in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern. & Coss.

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Nupur Malviya ◽  
K Kumar ◽  
DK Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Parental Lines

Genetic divergence was carried out in 15 Indian mustard varieties/strains, 4 testers and 60 F1s developed by crossing 15 lines with 4 testers. Based on D2 values between the pair of genotypes, 19 parental lines were grouped into five clusters in E1 (timely sown) & E2 (late sown) condition. In E1, cluster II was the largest having 8 genotypes followed by cluster I and IV with four genotypes. Whereas, in E2 cluster I was largest having 9 genotypes followed by cluster V which had four genotypes. In E1 the intra-cluster distance ranged from 0.00 (cluster V) to 581.64 (cluster IV). Cluster IV and V were the most diverse with inter-cluster distance of 7169.70 followed by cluster II and V (4829.11). Whereas, in E2 the intra-cluster distance ranged from 0.00 (cluster IV) to 296.03 (cluster V). Clusters IV and V were the most diverse with inter-cluster distance of 1894.16. The 60 F1s were grouped into eight clusters in E1 and E2. In E1, the maximum number of genotypes were grouped in clusters I and VI (12) and the intra-cluster distance ranged from 111.59 to 318.07. The maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and VIII (3554.76). Whereas, in E2 maximum number of genotypes grouped in cluster III (15) and intra-cluster distance ranged from 0.00 to 351.31. The maximum inter-cluster distance (D2) was observed between cluster V and VIII (43829.30).

scholarly journals Genetic divergence in bitter gourd (Momordica charntia L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
BC Kundu ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
MA Khaleque Mian ◽  
IH Mian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Male Flower ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Green Fruit ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
Seed Width

The genetic divergence among 36 genotypes of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) was determined through PCA, PCO, CVA, Cluster analysis (CLSA) and Mohalanobis’s D2 analysis. Through multivariate analysis based on 22 characters 36 genotypes were grouped into six distant clusters. Cluster VI includes maximum genotypes (12) followed by cluster I (6) and cluster II (6). Cluster V, cluster III and cluster I comprised 5, 4 and 3 genotypes respectively. The inter-cluster distances were higher than the intra-cluster distances. The inter-cluster distance was maximum between cluster III and IV (28.71) followed by the distance between cluster I and cluster IV (23.61). The intra-cluster distances in all the 6 clusters were more or less low indicating the closeness of genotypes within the same cluster. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed for cluster III (1.84) followed by the cluster I (1.38). The genotypes within the same clusters were collected from different places and genotypes collected in the same place fall in different cluster, which indicated that genetic divergence are not dependent on its geographical position from where the genotypes were collected. The genetic diversity of 36 genotypes was also assessed through PCA. The first three components accounted for 60.04% of the total variation. Days to first male flower opening, number of primary branches per vine, fruit yield per vine, days to green fruit maturity, seed weight per fruit mature seed width had the highest contribution towards the divergence. Cluster diagram exhibited that the genotypes include in the cluster III were far diverse from the genotypes of cluster IV while the genotypes belonging to the cluster II and VI were least diversed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v38i2.15593 J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 38(2): 125-134, December 2012 J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 38(2): 125-134, December 2012

scholarly journals The effects of different anticoagulants on biochemical parameters in blood of dairy cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Branislava Belic ◽  
Marko Cincovic ◽  
Maja Dosenovic ◽  
Dragica Stojanovic ◽  
Zorana Kovacevic
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Routine analysis of blood parameters requires high precision. Therefore a significant number of methods and recommendations has been developed to ensure the obtaining of precise results. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the type of anticoagulant affects the values of biochemical parameters in the blood of dairy cows in relation to the values obtained from the serum. The study was carried out on 20 healthy cows of Holstein- Friesian breed in the second month of lactation. The blood was taken by venipuncture from v.coccigea. There were used five types of vacutainers as follows: for the serum separation, with heparin, EDTA, citrate, and fluoride. Samples from each cow were taken in all five types of vacutainers respectively. There was determined the concentration of: albumin, total protein, glucose, Ca, P, BHB, NEFA, urea, cholesterol, triglycerides, ALT, AST, AP, GGT and bilirubin. The results of the analysis of samples that contained anticoagulants were compared statistically with analysis in serum that was considered to be the control one. It was also calculated the percentage of deviation in average values of concentration of metabolites obtained from samples with different anticoagulants in regard to the serum value. The results of the investigation show that anticoagulants influence the values of biochemical parameters in the blood of cows. In the samples where heparin was used as anticoagulant there was found higher albumin level (deviation 4.1%) as well as total protein (1.4%), but lower value of alkaline phosphatase activity relative to the serum (-33%). In the samples in which EDTA was used there were significantly lower levels of total protein (-5.8%), Ca (-49.6%), P (-17.7%), AP (-32%) and higher value AST (10.6%) compared to serum. In the samples where citrate or fluoride were used as anticoagulants there were found lower values of total protein, albumin, glucose (only citrate), Ca, P, BHB, NEFA, urea (only citrate), cholesterol, AP and GGT (only fluoride) and lower bilirubin when using citrate or higher when using fluoride, in comparison to the serum. Deviations of biochemical parameters measured from blood samples that were in citrate or fluoride were as follows: total protein (-5.3%, -5.2%), albumin (-7%, -5.7%), glucose (only citrate -6.2%), Ca (-55%, -82%), P (-29%, -24%), BHB (-53%, -80%), NEFA (-62.1%, -79 , 4%), urea (only citrate, -25.5%), cholesterol (-28.6%, -28.4%), AP (-38%, -32%), and GGT (only -17 fluoride, 8%) and higher bilirubin (-22.8%, 64.4%). For routine clinical biochemical analysis of blood of cows it is the most reliable to use the samples with heparin as an anticoagulant, because the use of other anticoagulants gives large variations in the values of biochemical parameters in relation to serum.

scholarly journals Serum and Saliva Concentrations of Biochemical Parameters in Men with Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-251
Author(s):  
Hyder Farahani ◽  
Mona Alaee ◽  
Jamal Amri ◽  
Mahmoud-Reza Baghinia ◽  
Mohammad Rafiee
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Benign Prostate ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives To find suitable biomarkers for diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC) in serum and saliva; also, to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of saliva in patients with PC. Methods This case-control study included 20 patients with PC and 20 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Blood and saliva were collected from the participants and centrifuged. Serum and supernatant saliva were used for biochemical analysis. We evaluated serum and salivary levels of urea, creatinine, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), creatine kinase BB (CK-BB), zinc, β-2 microglobulin (B2M), and melatonin. Also, we used Mann-Whitney U testing, Spearman correlation coefficients, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate the data. Results Serum and salivary concentrations of urea, creatinine, PSA, CK-BB, zinc, and B2M were significantly higher in patients with PC, compared with the BPH group (P <.05). However, serum and salivary concentrations of melatonin were significantly lower in patients with PC, compared with BPH group (P <.05). In both groups, salivary concentrations of all markers were lower (P <.05), compared with those values in serum. We observed positive correlation between serum and salivary concentrations of all markers studied (P <.05). Conclusion From the data, we conclude that investigation using saliva specimens is a noninvasive, simple, and effective tool for screening of biochemical parameters.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERGENCE ANALYSIS IN HRDC RICE (Oryza sativa L.) HYBRIDS IN BANGLADESH

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
A. Ahmed ◽  
S. G. Shaon ◽  
M. S. Islam ◽  
P. S. Saha ◽  
M. M. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Yield Maximization

Genetic divergence of 48 IRRI developed F1 rice hybrids were studied through Mahalanobis D2 and principal component analysis for ten characters in Gazipur and Pabna district during dry season 2012-13. Among 48 genotypes, cluster analysis resulted in five clusters following Ward’s method. During dry season for both regions, cluster I incorporated the highest number of genotypes. Significant differences among the genotypes but non-significant differences among replications were noticed for most of the parameters under study. The inter-cluster distance was larger than intra-cluster distance suggesting wider diversity among the genotypes. In Gazipur, the maximum inter-cluster D2 value was recorded between cluster III and V (6.69) and the minimum between cluster II and IV (0.69). The intra-cluster distance was maximum in cluster IV (3.60) and minimum in cluster I (0.33). In Pabna, maximum inter-cluster distance was exhibited between cluster IV and II (16.43) but minimum between cluster II and III (3.98). Maximum intra-cluster distance (4.40) was recorded in cluster IV whereas minimum in cluster I (0.83). Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, panicle number m-2, spikelet fertility (%) and 1000-grain wt. (g) had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence among the characters studied. Cluster means indicated considerable differences in the mean values of different parameters. The highest cluster means for panicle weight (g), spikelet fertility (%), 1000 grain wt. (g) and grain yield (kg ha-1) were derived from cluster IV. Therefore, more prominence should be given to the lines under cluster IV that having genetic potentiality to contribute better for yield maximization of hybrid rice.

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