The effect of biorational insecticides on the citrus aphids and their predator, Coccinella septempunctata L.

<p>To determine selective effectiveness for specific pesticides on biological control species, we evaluated the contact toxicity of different treatments including 10 ml l^-1 dishwashing liquid, Dayabon 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 ml l^-1, Palizin 1.5, 2.5 and 2.5 ml l^-1, Palizin 1.5, 2 and 2.5­+­Citrol oil 5 ml l-1, Tondoxir 2 and 3­+­Bartar soap 1 ml l^-1, Malathion 2 ml l^-1 and control (water) on the adult aphids of the most important citrus gardens and their predator, <em>Coccinella septempunctata </em>L. in the laboratory conditions. The results revealed that the Palizin treatment 2.5­+­Citrol oil 5 ml l^-1, caused the highest rate of the mortality of the citrus green aphid, <em>Aphis spiraecola </em><a title="Edith Marion Patch" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith_Marion_Patch">Patch</a>, 1914 in 36 hours. Concentrations of 7 to 10 ml l^-1, Dayabon and Palizin 2.5­+­Citrol oil 5 ml l^-1, as well as 3 ml^-1 Tondexir + Bartar soap 1 ml^-1 had the highest mortality of the citrus brown aphid, <em>Aphis citricidus </em>(Kirkaldy, 1907), 36 hours after treatment (100 %). In addition, the treatments of Palizin 2 ml^-1­+ Citrol oil of 5 ml^-1, as well as 2 ml l^-1 Tondexir­+­Bartar soap 1 ml l^-1 and concentrations of 5 ml l^-1 and 6 ml^-1 of Dayabon produced the same amount of the mortality of the citrus black aphid, <em>Toxoptera aurantii </em>(Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841). Tondexir 3 ml l^-1­+­Bartar soap 1 ml l^-1 in 24 hours after treatment caused the highest rate of the mortality of the cotton aphids, <em>Aphis gossypii </em>Glover, 1877 (83.88 %). Malathion treatment caused a 100 % mortality of the predator ladybird 36 hours after treatment, while the lowest amount was observed in the Dayabon at 10 ml l^-1 with 33.34 % mortality.</p>