scholarly journals Korepetytor w nauczaniu domowym na ziemiach polskich doby zaborów

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-101
Author(s):  
Monika Nawrot-Borowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Background ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Freedom Struggle ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Times ◽  
And Function

Despite recent research on home-based education and teaching of children in the eighteenth and the nineteenth centuries, the subject of home and private tutors has yet not been properly addressed. Though there are more or less extensive mentions on the subject in question in articles devoted to home tutors or home tutelage, they do not, however, delve deeper into the investigation of the problem. Therefore, the present work attempts to characterize this position of appointed, or hired, teachers who were involved in the process of education of children in Polish families in time of partitions. The main problem is approached from the two following perspectives – the aim of the article is to: 1) indicate more precisely the status of private tutors, their social background, goals to be attained by them, their duties, responsibilities and conditions of work, i.e. a determination of their real participation in the education of children from Polish families during the time under scrutiny; and also 2) to show the contemporary standpoint expressed by the then educational columnists and journalists on the very idea of private tutoring and private tutors, as well as their postulates, recommendations to be followed and advice concerning hired teaching staff. The source material for the present analysis of the capacity and function of private tutors has been provided by relevant educational literature for professionals and parents written in the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, professional educational periodicals and women’s and family magazines of the time. The source materials provide an excellent base for a determination of the extent and the scope of the interest of the contemporary columnists and journalists in this group of private tutors and private tutelage at the time, but also present the attitude towards the phenomenon manifested by the general public. The analysis is supplemented with additional material excerpted from contemporary memoirs and diaries that serve here as a useful illustration of the reality and practice in the actual teaching process of appointed tutors in the times of national freedom struggle in Poland.

scholarly journals The problem of the right access and the formal indication

Phainomenon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Ramón Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Phenomenological Hermeneutics ◽  
Formal Indication ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Function

Abstract The problem of the right access and the formal indication. The phenomenological hermeneutics of facticity, Heidegger’s first philosophical program, cannot be understood from the usual idea that opposes hermeneutical ontology to the primacy of method; On the contrary, its fundamental problem is that of the “right access” to factical life. The importance of this problem contains a mutual implication between the subject (factical life) and the method. It is concerned with the determination of the original Gegebenheit of factical life and with the modes of its apprehension. This paper aims at explaining the status and function of the specific phenomenological means required by this problem.

scholarly journals PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW IN BRAZIL: A BRIEF OVERVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-37
Author(s):  
Carmen Tiburcio
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
The Status ◽  
Rules And Principles ◽  
The Subject

The paper is intended to provide an overview of Private International Law in Brazil. With this purpose, it presents in broad lines the subject matters of the discipline, undertaking, whenever possible, comparisons with the contours given to it in the United States. In sum, the text deals with the acquisition of Brazilian nationality, the status of aliens, the determination of the applicable legislation to legal relationships with international connections – which includes the exam of Brazilian connecting rules and principles of Private International Law – and the exercise of Brazilian jurisdiction.

scholarly journals The phenomenon of human alienation: socio-ontological aspect

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Kirill Prozumentik
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Agents ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Fundamental Ontology ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject

This article is dedicated to one of the key problems of social philosophy – the phenomenon of human alienation. The subject of this research is the ontological grounds of alienation. The goal consists in determination of the existential foundation of alienation as a complicated socio-ontological phenomenon, as well as differentiation of the narrow and broad sense of the concept of “alienation”. In the narrow sense, alienation implies the process, when the products of human activity and activity itself obtain the status of autonomous agents opposing to human. In a broad sense, alienation is interpreted as an ontological distinction within the structure of being. For revealing the ontological grounds of alienation, the author attracts and reconsiders the ideological arsenal of philosophical anthropology, fundamental ontology, existentialism, personalism, Marxism, and post-phenomenology. The ontological interpretation allows comprehending the anthropogenesis, historical development of human, and evolution of human mind in the context of the terms of alienation. Thus, the first is interpreted as a self-alienation of the world; the second – as alienation of human from himself; and the third – as an ideal of appeal of the world towards itself, realized through human spiritual activity. All elements of the triad form an ontological basis doe alienation in the narrow sense.

scholarly journals DISORIENTASI PENDIDIKAN MADRASAH DI INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Hasan Basri
Keyword(s):  
School Culture ◽  
Secular Education ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Will ◽  
And Function ◽  
Changing Schools ◽  
Further Development

Madrasah in the Middle East has known eight or nine centuries before madrasah in Indonesia, which emerged as a reaction to the reform movement as well as a response to the policy of Dutch colonizers secular education. Madrasah got a decent place in Indonesia after rising SKB 3 minister (Minister of Interior, Minister of Education and Culture, and the Minister of Religious Affairs) in 1975, where madrasas equated with other schools in terms of the status of the diploma, graduates continuing education opportunities and changing schools. In a further development, the school as disoriented. It is caused by two things: first, a paradigm shift towards sekularistik. Education implementation has marred even be interpreted as a partial instead of a holistic paradigm as desired by Islam. Supposedly, the madrasa education as a whole should make Islam as a principle in the determination of educational objectives, the formulation of the curriculum and standard of value of science and the learning process, including determining the qualifications of teachers and school culture that will be developed in the madrasas. Second, the functional institutional weakness as a result of shifting the orientation and function of the family and their influence and societal demands materialistic-hedonistic.The weakness seen in a mess madrasa curriculum, not optimal role of teachers as well as school culture that is not in line with the will of Islam.

scholarly journals The Status of Uber Drivers: A Purposive Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Davidov
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Independent Contractor ◽  
Independent Contractors ◽  
Gig Economy ◽  
The Status ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
The Subject

Abstract: The status of Uber drivers – the question of whether they are independent contractors (as argued by Uber) or employees – has been the subject of a heated debate recently. The goal of this paper is to address this question at the normative level: what should the law be in this regard? It begins, in part II, by briefly discussing some preliminary issues about how to address the problem: does it make sense to retain the employee/independent contractor distinction at all? Is it justified to maintain an “all or nothing” dichotomy? Should we leave the determination of “who is an employee” to courts? And finally, how should we interpret the term “employee” that appears in legislation? As will become clear, my approach is purposive, and Part III outlines – based on my previous writings – what this means in the context of identifying an employment relationship that justifies the application of labour laws. I will briefly consider several goals of labour law, and suggest that the most useful level of abstraction for current purposes is to focus on the unique vulnerabilities of employment, which I identify as democratic deficits (subordination, broadly conceived) and dependency (economic as well as for social/psychological needs). Finally, part IV applies these general principles to the specific context of Uber drivers, concluding eventually that Uber drivers should be considered employees.Keywords: employee, independent contractor, Uber, gig economy, on demand.

Barometrical observations, showing the effect of the direction of the wind on the difference between distant barometers

1843 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 386-387
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
The North ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Westerly Winds ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Times ◽  
The One

The author institutes a comparison between the barometric heights as observed at the Apartments of the Royal Society, and at his house in Herefordshire, in the neighbourhood of Ross, with a view to ascertain the influence of prevailing winds on the atmospheric pressure. The barometers thus compared together were of the same construction, and by the same maker; and the times of observation, namely nine o’clock a. m. and three o’clock p. m., were the same at both places, the distance between which is 110 miles in longitude, and about 20 in latitude. The degree of accordance in the march of the two barometers is exhibited by that of curves traced on three sheets accompanying the paper. The results are given in eight tables. The author agrees with Schubler in ascribing the currents prevailing in the atmosphere to the variable relations of heating and cooling which obtains between the Atlantic Ocean and the continent of Europe at different seasons; the facts ascertained by the series of observations here presented being in accordance with that hypothesis. If the northerly and westerly winds in England be partly the effect of the expansion of the air on the continent, then the barometer which is nearest to the continent, or in this instance that at London, ought to be relatively more depressed than the one more distant; or if the southerly and easterly winds be regarded as proceeding to the ocean, then, for a similar reason, the barometer nearest to the ocean ought to be relatively depressed; and that both these effects are produced, is shown by the tables. This view of the subject also, the author remarks, is corroborated by Raymond’s observations, detailed in his memoir on the determination of the height of Clermont Ferrand, from which it appears that with the north winds, the southern barometer was most depressed; while the reverse occurred with the southerly winds.

OCCURRENCE AND FUNCTION OF CORPORA LUTEA DURING DIFFERENT FORMS OF ORAL CONTRACEPTION

1968 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Østergaard ◽  
J. Starup
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Megestrol Acetate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Impaired Function ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Function ◽  
Late Part ◽  
Fertile Women

ABSTRACT 144 fertile women were treated cyclically with a daily dose of 5 mg of 6-methyl-6-dehydro-17α-acetoxyprogesterone (megestrol acetate) + 0.1 mg of 17α-ethynyl-oestradiol-3-methylether (mestranol) for a period of 1 to 24 months. The excretion of pregnanediol on days 21 to 23 never exceeded 0.9 mg/day, and there was no correlation between the excretion of pregnanediol and the length of the treatment period. In 62 fertile women it was shown by laparotomy, that inhibition of ovulation was extremely reliable when treatment with megestrol acetate + mestranol was initiated at the latest on day 7. If the treatment was started later than day 7 then the inhibition of ovulation was increasingly unreliable, and from day 10 there was no inhibition of ovulation. As could be expected the excretion of pregnanediol on day 23 was invariably low in all patients who did not show any sign of recent ovulation. More surprising was the finding of a low excretion of pregnanediol in 6 patients in whom fresh corpora lutea were found at laparotomy on day 24. This finding might be due either to an impaired function of the corpus luteum or to an influence of the steroids on the metabolism of progesterone or on the analysis used for the determination of pregnanediol. This problem has been the subject of more detailed studies. 16 fertile women underwent laparotomy on days 24 to 26, and in the cycle in which the laparotomy was performed, treatment was initiated on day 10 or later with megestrol acetate only, mestranol only, or the combination of both substances. All patients showed fresh corpora lutea. It was observed that not only megestrol acetate + mestranol, but also megestrol acetate only suppressed the excretion of pregnanediol in the late part of the cycle when treatment was initiated before ovulation, whereas mestranol only caused no decrease in the pregnanediol excretion. If treatment with megestrol acetate + mestranol was started after ovulation then the excretion of pregnanediol was not suppressed, but the luteal phase was shorter than usual. In addition, it was observed in 3 postmenopausal women, that megestrol acetate caused no significant changes in the excretion of pregnanediol following intramuscular administration of progesterone. It is therefore concluded that the low excretion of pregnanediol observed during treatment with megestrol acetate + mestranol in patients showing fresh corpora lutea, is due to an impaired function of the corpus luteum and not to a change in the metabolism of progesterone. Furthermore, it appears that megestrol acetate is responsible for this effect.

scholarly journals Origin, establishment and development of the idea of self-determination of peoples

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Azer Kagraman Ogly Kagramanov
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Territorial Integrity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right

The subject of this research is the examination of evolution of the idea of self-determination of peoples based on the fundamental works of the Russian and foreign scholars, thinkers of the antiquity and modernity. The author considers the transformations experienced by the principle of self-determination at various historical stages of development; as well as builds a corresponding systems of the development cycles. The conclusion is made that after conception of the idea of self-determination, the colonial powers viewed this concept as ethical, seeing the threat to legitimacy of the established order. Therefore, throughout almost a century, the leading countries refused to include this right into the corresponding international and domestic documents. The main conclusions are as follows: after consolidation of the principle in the Charter of the United Nations, it became the foundation for the emergence of news states and destruction of the colonial world; the principle served as a leitmotif for the development of human rights and international relations, but at the same time became a threat and challenge to the territorial integrity; wars between the countries are replaced with the civil and interethnic conflicts; the world is captured with such phenomena as state nationalism that subsequently grew into extremely radical forms, such as fascism and Nazism; the modern international law actively promotes the two competing principles – territorial integrity and self-determination; in modern world, the right to self-determination is not limited by peoples under the colonial past – there occur new forms of self-determination that threaten the existence of sovereign states. Uncertainty of the status of the newly emerged states formations serves as the source of domestic and international tension, which inevitably leads to intergovernmental clashes and negatively impacts geopolitical situation in separate regions and in the world as a whole.

scholarly journals Types of verbs most commonly used in language of the “Daimohk” newspaper

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Aset Alievna Musaeva
Keyword(s):  
Source Analysis ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Morphological Component ◽  
Special Software ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The subject of this research is the language of the republican newspaper “Daimohk”, the first and only newspaper in the world that is published solely in the Chechen language. Despite the status and age of the publisher (this year the newspaper celebrated the 98th anniversary), its language has not yet been subjected to scientific examination. The goals of this research consists in determination of the verbs most commonly used in the national republican newspaper “Daimohk”. The article analyzes the morphological component of the newspaper language using a special software for parsing and detecting the frequency of words DoshStat, developed by the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic. The scientific novelty of lies in the source analysis of the language of the “Daimohk” newspaper as the language of the primary national periodical. Through automatic analysis with application of special software to detect frequency of words and subsequent manual search, the author determines the frequency of use of various verbs in the newspaper language. Emphasis is placed on the study of verbs, as the Chechen language features a wide variety of tenses and types. The acquired results would serve as the foundation for further research of the Chechen newspaper language, as well as a good asset for the Special Commission for Literacy of the Chechen language in mass media.

scholarly journals Soviet pedagogues and teaching of foreign students: the experience of the Mongolian worker’s faculty

2021 ◽  
pp. 260-267
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Vladimirovna Nomogoeva ◽  
Altyna Munkozhargalovna Shoidonova
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Soviet Ideology ◽  
Further Development

The subject of this research is examination of the activity of the Soviet pedagogues in teaching foreign students based on the materials of the Mongolian worker’s faculty. The object of this research is the Soviet-Mongolian cooperation in educational sphere that developed in the 1920s – 1930s. The Mongolian worker’s faculty was formed in Verkhne-Udinsk for teaching Mongolian and Tuvan students. It is noted that the academic staff was represented by the prominent pedagogues of the Buryat ASSR. The teaching of foreign students was carried out within the framework of international cooperation and allowed distributing Soviet ideology. The Mongolian People's Republic and Tuvan People's Republic viewed the USSR as the model for further development. The analysis of activity of the pedagogues of Mongolian worker’s faculty allowed reveals the key vectors of work with foreign students from the Mongolian People's Republic and the Tuvan People's Republic. Besides intense educational and upbringing activity, the teaching staff paid special attention to the adaptation of students and formation of worldview in the spirit of socialist values. The authors’ special contribution lies in determination of the peculiarities of organizing political and educational activity in the institution. The novelty of this consists in examination of the contribution of the pedagogues of the Mongolian worker’s faculty to the establishment of friendly relations with the neighboring states – Mongolia and Tuva.

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