scholarly journals Blue light at night acutely impairs glucose tolerance and increases sugar intake in the diurnal rodent Arvicanthis ansorgei in a sex‐dependent manner

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anayanci Masís‐Vargas ◽  
David Hicks ◽  
Andries Kalsbeek ◽  
Jorge Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Light At Night ◽  
Sugar Intake

scholarly journals Light at night acutely impairs glucose tolerance in a time-, intensity- and wavelength-dependent manner in rats

Diabetologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1333-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Loes Opperhuizen ◽  
Dirk J. Stenvers ◽  
Remi D. Jansen ◽  
Ewout Foppen ◽  
Eric Fliers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Light At Night

scholarly journals Control of microtubule dynamics using an optogenetic microtubule plus end–F-actin cross-linker

2017 ◽  
Vol 217 (2) ◽  
pp. 779-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca C. Adikes ◽  
Ryan A. Hallett ◽  
Brian F. Saway ◽  
Brian Kuhlman ◽  
Kevin C. Slep
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Actin Networks ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster S2 Cells ◽  
Actin Binding Domain ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Insight Into

We developed a novel optogenetic tool, SxIP–improved light-inducible dimer (iLID), to facilitate the reversible recruitment of factors to microtubule (MT) plus ends in an end-binding protein–dependent manner using blue light. We show that SxIP-iLID can track MT plus ends and recruit tgRFP-SspB upon blue light activation. We used this system to investigate the effects of cross-linking MT plus ends and F-actin in Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells to gain insight into spectraplakin function and mechanism. We show that SxIP-iLID can be used to temporally recruit an F-actin binding domain to MT plus ends and cross-link the MT and F-actin networks. Cross-linking decreases MT growth velocities and generates a peripheral MT exclusion zone. SxIP-iLID facilitates the general recruitment of specific factors to MT plus ends with temporal control enabling researchers to systematically regulate MT plus end dynamics and probe MT plus end function in many biological processes.

Combination of red and blue light induces anthocyanin and other secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways in an age-dependent manner in Batavia lettuce

Plant Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 110977
Author(s):  
Benny Jian Rong Sng ◽  
Bonggyu Mun ◽  
Bijayalaxmi Mohanty ◽  
Mijung Kim ◽  
Zhi Wei Phua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis ◽  
Age Dependent

scholarly journals 4-Hydroxyisoleucine: experimental evidence of its insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (4) ◽  
pp. E617-E623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Broca ◽  
René Gross ◽  
Pierre Petit ◽  
Yves Sauvaire ◽  
Michèle Manteghetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic ◽  
Single Intravenous Administration

We have recently shown in vitro that 4-hydroxyisoleucine (4-OH-Ile), an amino acid extracted from fenugreek seeds, potentiates insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. The present study was designed to investigate whether 4-OH-Ile could exert in vivo insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties. For this purpose, intravenous or oral glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs and OGTTs, respectively) were performed not only in normal animals but also in a type II diabetes rat model. During IVGTT in normal rats or OGTT in normal dogs, 4-OH-Ile (18 mg/kg) improved glucose tolerance. The lactonic form of 4-OH-Ile was ineffective in normal rats. In non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDD) rats, a single intravenous administration of 4-OH-Ile (50 mg/kg) partially restored glucose-induced insulin response without affecting glucose tolerance; a 6-day subchronic administration of 4-OH-Ile (50 mg/kg, daily) reduced basal hyperglycemia, decreased basal insulinemia, and slightly, but significantly, improved glucose tolerance. In vitro, 4-OH-Ile (200 μM) potentiated glucose (16.7 mM)-induced insulin release from NIDD rat-isolated islets. So, the antidiabetic effects of 4-OH-Ile on NIDD rats result, at least in part, from a direct pancreatic B cell stimulation.

scholarly journals Floral Induction in the Short-Day Plant Chrysanthemum Under Blue and Red Extended Long-Days

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malleshaiah SharathKumar ◽  
Ep Heuvelink ◽  
Leo F. M. Marcelis ◽  
Wim van Ieperen
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Solar Light ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Short Days

Shorter photoperiod and lower daily light integral (DLI) limit the winter greenhouse production. Extending the photoperiod by supplemental light increases biomass production but inhibits flowering in short-day plants such as Chrysanthemum morifolium. Previously, we reported that flowering in growth-chamber grown chrysanthemum with red (R) and blue (B) LED-light could also be induced in long photoperiods by applying only blue light during the last 4h of 15h long-days. This study investigates the possibility to induce flowering by extending short-days in greenhouses with 4h of blue light. Furthermore, flower induction after 4h of red light extension was tested after short-days RB-LED light in a growth-chamber and after natural solar light in a greenhouse. Plants were grown at 11h of sole source RB light (60:40) in a growth-chamber or solar light in the greenhouse (short-days). Additionally, plants were grown under long-days, which either consisted of short-days as described above extended with 4h of B or R light to long-days or of 15h continuous RB light or natural solar light. Flower initiation and normal capitulum development occurred in the blue-extended long-days in the growth-chamber after 11h of sole source RB, similarly as in short-days. However, when the blue extension was applied after 11h of full-spectrum solar light in a greenhouse, no flower initiation occurred. With red-extended long-days after 11h RB (growth-chamber) flower initiation occurred, but capitulum development was hindered. No flower initiation occurred in red-extended long-days in the greenhouse. These results indicate that multiple components of the daylight spectrum influence different phases in photoperiodic flowering in chrysanthemum in a time-dependent manner. This research shows that smart use of LED-light can open avenues for a more efficient year-round cultivation of chrysanthemum by circumventing the short-day requirement for flowering when applied in emerging vertical farm or plant factories that operate without natural solar light. In current year-round greenhouses’ production, however, extension of the natural solar light during the first 11 h of the photoperiod with either red or blue sole LED light, did inhibit flowering.

scholarly journals Consumption of added sugars and development of metabolic syndrome components among a sample of youth at risk of obesity

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
JiaWei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Sugar Intake

Previous evidence showed controversial links between added sugar intake, diet quality, and increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components (abdominal adiposity, dysglycemia, elevated blood pressure, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and hypertriglyceridemia) in youth, and most studied only its liquid source of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). To better understand the extent of the detrimental effects of added sugars from both liquid and solid sources to diets in terms of nutrient and food intake and metabolic consequences in children, 3 studies were undertaken to (i) quantify the associations of added sugar intake with overall diet quality and adiposity indicators; (ii) assess whether excess weight and glucose tolerance status modifies the associations between consumption of added sugars and MetS components; and (iii) evaluate whether consumption of added sugars predicts the development of MetS components over time. Data for these studies were obtained from the Quebec Adiposity and Lifestyle Investigation in Youth cohort. Caucasian children (8 to 10 years at baseline, N = 630) with at least 1 obese biological parent were recruited from 1040 Quebec primary schools and followed-up 2 years later (N = 564). Dietary intake, including added sugars (liquid vs. solid) and Canadian Healthy Eating Index (HEI-C) was assessed in three 24-h recalls at baseline. Adiposity indicators included measured height and weight for body mass index (BMI), BMI z score, waist circumference (WC), and fat mass (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). Plasma glucose and insulin were measured at fasting and by oral glucose tolerance tests to calculate the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the Matsuda IS index (Matsuda-ISI). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), concentration of triglycerides and HDL-C were measured by standard instruments. Multivariate linear regression models were used, adjusting for age, sex, pubertal status (by Tanner stage), energy intake, fat mass, and physical activity (by 7-day accelerometer). The main findings include the following: (i) Higher consumption of added sugars from SSB or solid sources was associated with lower nutrient density and lower HEI-C. Positive associations with adiposity indicators were observed with consumption of added sugars from liquid sources only. (ii) Higher SSB consumption was associated with higher HOMA-IR and higher SBP among overweight children (≥85th BMI percentile), as well as higher SBP and higher WC among children with impaired glucose tolerance. These associations with metabolic indicators were not observed among children whose BMI was below 85th percentile. (iii) No association with added sugar intake was observed for 2-year changes in adiposity, but higher consumption of added sugars from liquid sources was associated with higher fasting glucose, higher fasting insulin, higher HOMA-IR, and lower Matsuda-ISI. In conclusion, this thesis suggested that consumption of added sugars from both solid and liquid sources was associated with a lower overall diet quality, but only added sugars from liquid sources was associated with adiposity indicators. Cross-sectional links with higher levels of SSB intake and MetS components were more evident among overweight/obese and glucose-intolerant children. Consumption of added sugars from liquid sources was not associated with changes in adiposity over 2 years, but was clearly associated with development of impaired glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. This thesis presents further evidence on the nutritional and metabolic consequences of consuming added sugar from liquid and solid sources.

scholarly journals Tamoxifen Improves Glucose Tolerance in a Delivery-, Sex-, and Strain-Dependent Manner in Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (4) ◽  
pp. 782-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis M Ceasrine ◽  
Nelmari Ruiz-Otero ◽  
Eugene E Lin ◽  
David N Lumelsky ◽  
Erica D Boehm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Strain Dependent

scholarly journals Establishment of Optogenetic Modulation of cAMP for Analyzing Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Virulence Pathways of Bacteria Using a Light-Gated Cyclase

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5535
Author(s):  
Manish Singh Kaushik ◽  
Swaroop Ranjan Pati ◽  
Shivanika Soni ◽  
Ayushi Mishra ◽  
Kumari Sushmita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Camp Signaling ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Bacterial Physiology ◽  
E Coli

In bacteria, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling plays an essential regulatory role whose modulation via optogenetic tools would provide researchers an immense opportunity to control biological processes simply by illumination. The cAMP signaling in bacteria is a complex network of regulatory pathways, which utilizes distinct proteomic resources under different nutrient environments. We established an optogenetic modulation of cAMP and studied important cellular process of growth, biofilm formation, and virulence in the model bacterium E. coli using a light-gated adenylate cyclase (LgAC) from Beggiatoa sp. Blue light-induced activation of LgAC elevated the cAMP level in a blue light-dependent manner in E. coli. Quantitative proteomics revealed a decrease in the level of certain proteins governing growth (PTS, Adk, AckA, GlnA, and EFP), biofilm formation (IhfA, flagellin, YajQ, YeaG, and HlfC), and virulence (ClpP, YebC, KatE, BtuE, and Zur) in E. coli cells expressing LgAC upon blue light illumination. This optogenetic modulation of cAMP would be useful for deciphering cAMP-associated host–pathogen signaling of bacterial systems. Proteome knowledge established by this research work would also be useful for the scientific community while adapting LgAC-based optogenetic modulation for studying other relevant cAMP-driven bacterial physiology (e.g., energy metabolism). The systematic utilization of the established method and more extensively designed experiments regarding bacterial growth, biofilm, survival, and virulence might provide a road map for the identification of new targets for developing novel antibacterial drugs.

A light-regulated bZIP module, photozipper, induces the binding of fused proteins to the target DNA sequence in a blue light-dependent manner

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1998-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Hisatomi ◽  
Keigo Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Yellow Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Target Dna

Yellow fluorescent protein or mCherry protein fused with the Photozipper underwent blue light-induced dimerization, which enhanced their affinities for the target DNA.

scholarly journals CRY arrests Cop1 to regulate circadian rhythms in mammals

Cell Division ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Choogon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
E3 Ligase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Evolutionary Lineages

Abstract Cryptochromes (CRYs) are UVA and blue light photoreceptors present in all major evolutionary lineages ranging from cyanobacteria to plants and animals, including mammals. In plants, blue light activates CRYs to induce photomorphogenesis by inhibiting the CRL4Cop1 E3 ligase complex which regulates the degradation of critical transcription factors involved in plant development and growth. However, in mammals, CRYs do not physically interact with Cop1, and of course mammals are not photomorphogenic, leading to the belief that the CRY–Cop1 axis is not conserved in mammals. This belief was recently overturned by Rizzini et al., who showed that although mammalian CRYs do not inhibit Cop1 activity in a light-dependent manner, they antagonize Cop1 activity by displacing Cop1 from CRL4 E3 ligase complex. Because CRYs oscillate, they act in a circadian manner resulting in daily oscillations in Cop1 substrates and the downstream pathways that they regulate. The conserved antagonism of Cop1 by CRY indicates that the CRY–Cop1 axis has an ancient origin, and was repurposed by evolution to regulate photomorphogenesis in plants and circadian rhythms in mammals.

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