“The closest thing to a mother’s milk”: the introduction of ‘formula milk’ and bottle feeding and their medical regulation in Spain (1926–1936)

A multistage stratified sample of 782 mothers of infants under two years of age was taken to investigate infant feeding patterns and weaning practices. The rate of breast-feeding was 26.1% and that of bottle-feeding 41.9%. Breast-feeding was more common among late order children and those born to illiterate mothers. The mean duration of breast-feeding was 4.9 months and was longer among illiterate mothers. Infants were weaned because of insufficient mother’s milk, mother’s desire and infant refusal of the breast. The results indicate that there has been a sharp decline in breast-feeding. The reasons for this are discussed and measures to reverse the trend are recommended

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Introduction of complementary foods to infant diet using baby-led weaning

Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna ◽

10.15557/pimr.2020.0065 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 362-367

Author(s):

Agnieszka Białek-Dratwa ◽

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Monika Soczewka ◽

Elżbieta Grochowska-Niedworok ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Opportunity To Learn ◽

Complementary Foods ◽

Formula Milk ◽

Infant Diet ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

The Family ◽

Mother And Child ◽

Mother's Milk ◽

Mother’S Milk ◽

One Year

Baby-led weaning (BLW) is an increasingly widely known method of introducing complementary foods to an infant’s diet. BLW is based on a child’s physical readiness for self-feeding, with a positive effect of expansion of a diet that was previously based exclusively on mother’s milk or formula milk. There are both advantages and disadvantages of BLW. The advantages of BLW include, among other aspects, the fact that the child finds eating pleasurable, it can eat meals together with the family, it can eat away from home and has an opportunity to learn new flavours. The disadvantages of BLW include, for example, disorder caused by the child during self-feeding and a risk of choking. In order to prevent choking, it is recommended that products which are small and round with a hard and smooth surface, and a cross-section resembling that of the child’s airways be avoided. According to the current guidelines of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, for the first 6 months of life a child should be fed exclusively with their mother’s milk and complementary foods should be introduced starting between week 17 and 26 of the child’s life due to the development of readiness to consume solid food. Complementary feeding can be achieved through self-feeding based on BLW or by the child being fed by an adult using a spoon, among other means. The order in which different products are introduced is decided on by the parents. After the child has turned one year of age, breastfeeding should be continued as long as the mother and child wish.

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Penelitian pada Kebutuhan Bank Susu Patuh Syariah Kepada Bayi Prematur di Malaysia

Jurnal Kebidanan Midwiferia ◽

10.21070/mid.v4i1.1807 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Normadiah Daud ◽

Nadhirah Noordin ◽

Zurita Mohd Yusof ◽

Nur Hidayah Ashar ◽

Paramitha Amelia Kusumawardhani

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Medical Science ◽

Optimal Growth ◽

Formula Milk ◽

Premature Babies ◽

Milk Bank ◽

Mother's Milk ◽

Mother’S Milk ◽

The Government ◽

Milk Banks

Breast milk (ASI) is the best and most perfect source of nutrition for babies, especially premature babies. ASI contains complete nutrients for optimal growth and development in terms of mental and physical aspects of the baby, especially in the first six months of life. The features and advantages of mother's milk not only recognized in Islam have even been recognized by researchers from medical, science and lactation experts. The writing of this article aims to discuss the need for sharia compliant milk banks for premature babies. This study uses a qualitative approach using content analysis methods that focus on the textbooks, books, journals, articles and reports. The results of the discussion found that mother's milk contained many of the benefits needed by premature babies. When compared with formula milk, the nutritional content of breast milk is much better. There are several reasons why breastfeeding is now the main requirement in Malaysia, one of them is for premature babies. With this, the government seeks to meet ASI's needs by establishing a shariah compliant milk bank for mothers with breastfeeding problems. The results of the discussion found that Islam not only acknowledged the efficacy of ASI, it also emphasized the problem of maternal and adolescent mahram relationships. Therefore, the established milk bank must be in accordance with the guidelines set by the jurisprudence and the schools of Imam Shafi'i. In addition to needs, milk banks also provide benefits for Muslims by seeing an increase in premature baby birth statistics in Malaysia. It is in this condition of the emergency phase that a compliant sharia milk bank needs to be established. The milk bank that will be established can avoid the occurrence of problems overlapping the mahram according to the principle of Maqasid al-Shari'ah in the maintenance of implantable mahram purity.

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Pelatihan Pijat Oksitosin Untuk Meningkatkan Cakupan ASI Eksklusif

Window of Community Dedication Journal ◽

10.33096/wocd.vi.30 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 21-27

Author(s):

Fatma Jama ◽

Wa Ode Sri Asnaniar

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Role Play ◽

Early Years ◽

Formula Milk ◽

Additional Food ◽

Previous Child ◽

Mother's Milk ◽

Increase Milk Production ◽

Mother’S Milk ◽

Food And Drink

Mother's milk is the best food for babies in their early years. Mother's milk has proven advantages that cannot be replaced by any food and drink because it contains the most appropriate, complete and always adjusts to the baby's needs at all times. The process of breastfeeding should ideally be done as soon as the baby is born. Exclusive breastfeeding is given to babies for 6 months without additional food. Based on a survey conducted in the Postpartum Room (Nuri Room) of Bhayangkara Hospital, breastfeeding mothers have the motivation to give exclusive breast milk to their children and found that 5 out of 7 mothers did not know how to increase the production of breast milk so that their previous child, was given formula milk when breast milk did not come out / not smoothly. Activities undertaken to overcome the problem in the form of Oxytocin Massage Training. The method used by lecture, discussion, demonstration, simulation, and role play methods.The results obtained are increased knowledge of breastfeeding mothers and families about oxytocin massage that can serve to increase milk production. Air Susu Ibu merupakan makanan terbaik bayi pada awal usia kehidupannya. ASI terbukti mempunyai keunggulan yang tidak dapat digantikan oleh makanan dan minuman manapun karena ASI mengandung zat gizi yang paling tepat, lengkap dan selalu menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan bayi setiap saat . Proses menyusui idealnya dapat segera dilakukan begitu bayi lahir. ASI eksklusif diberikan kepada bayi selama 6 bulan tanpa makanan tambahan. Berdasarkan survei yang dilakukan di Ruang Nifas (Ruang Nuri) RS Bhayangkara, ibu menyusui mempunyai motivasi untuk memberikan ASI ekslusif ke anaknya dan ditemukan 5 dari 7 ibu tidak mengetahui cara meningkatkan produksi ASI sehingga anak mereka yang sebelumnya, diberikan Susu Formula ketika ASI ibu tidak keluar/tidak lancar. Kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah berupa Pelatihan Pijat Oksitosin. Metode yang digunakan dengan metode ceramah, diskusi, demonstrasi, simulasi, dan role play. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu meningkatnya pengetahuan ibu menyusui dan keluarga tentang Pijat oksitosin yang dapat berfungsi untuk meningkatkan produksi ASI.

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