scholarly journals Factors affecting the human error: representations of mental models for emergency management

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Petrillo ◽  
Fabio De Felice ◽  
Francesco Longo ◽  
Agostino Bruzzone
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Longo ◽  
Agostino Bruzzone ◽  
Antonella Petrillo ◽  
Fabio De Felice

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Petra Skolilova

The article outlines some human factors affecting the operation and safety of passenger air transport given the massive increase in the use of the VLA. Decrease of the impact of the CO2 world emissions is one of the key goals for the new aircraft design. The main wave is going to reduce the burned fuel. Therefore, the eco-efficiency engines combined with reasonable economic operation of the aircraft are very important from an aviation perspective. The prediction for the year 2030 says that about 90% of people, which will use long-haul flights to fly between big cities. So, the A380 was designed exactly for this time period, with a focus on the right capacity, right operating cost and right fuel burn per seat. There is no aircraft today with better fuel burn combined with eco-efficiency per seat, than the A380. The very large aircrafts (VLAs) are the future of the commercial passenger aviation. Operating cost versus safety or CO2 emissions versus increasing automation inside the new generation aircraft. Almost 80% of the world aircraft accidents are caused by human error based on wrong action, reaction or final decision of pilots, the catastrophic failures of aircraft systems, or air traffic control errors are not so frequent. So, we are at the beginning of a new age in passenger aviation and the role of the human factor is more important than ever.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1295
Author(s):  
Firena Bian Saputri ◽  
Basuki Anondho

One way that can be done to speed up the duration of the project is to use precast concrete slabs. However, the use of precast concrete slab elements in the project can be ineffective if in the order stage, production stage, until the delivery stage of precast concrete elements to the project site is not managed properly, which can cause delays in project duration. Therefore, the use of precast concrete slabs is very dependent on the supply chain management. To anticipate this risk, it is necessary to identify what are the dominant factors in the supply chain that affect the procurement of precast concrete slabs which can cause delays in project duration. The initial influence factors were collected through a literature study and interviews with a number of practitioners, followed by a survey using a questionnaire to a number of project actors in projects using precast concrete slabs. The Likert scale 1-5 is used to measure the level of influence of a factor identified on project delays. By using factor analysis techniques, as many as three groups of dominant supply chain factors affecting the procurement of precast concrete slabs were found, namely special factors, technical factors, and human error factors.ABSTRAKSalah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan demi mempercepat durasi proyek adalah menggunakan pelat beton pracetak. Namun, penggunaan elemen pelat beton pracetak di proyek bisa tidak efektif apabila dalam tahap pemesanan, tahap produksi, hingga tahap pengiriman elemen beton pracetak ke lokasi proyek tidak dikelola dengan baik, sehingga dapat menyebabkan keterlambatan durasi proyek. Oleh sebab itu, penggunaan pelat beton pracetak sangat bergantung pada manajemen rantai pasokannya. Untuk mengantisipasi risiko tersebut, perlu adanya identifikasi mengenai faktor dominan apa saja pada rantai pasok yang mempengaruhi pengadaan pelat beton pracetak yang dapat menyebabkan keterlambatan durasi proyek. Faktor pengaruh awal dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur dan wawancara kepada sejumlah praktisi, dilanjutkan dengan survei menggunakan kuesioner kepada sejumlah pelaku proyek di proyek yang menggunakan pelat beton pracetak. Skala Likert 1-5 digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat pengaruh suatu faktor yang diidentifikasi terhadap keterlambatan proyek. Dengan menggunakan teknik analisis faktor, sebanyak tiga kelompok faktor dominan rantai pasok yang berpengaruh pada proses pengadaan pelat beton pracetak ditemukan, yaitu faktor khusus, faktor teknis, dan faktor human error.


Author(s):  
Ruqayat Oyetinuoye Uthman ◽  
Kemi Ogunsola

This study examined the factors affecting use of information and communication technology (ICT) in the management of emergency situations in Lagos, Nigeria. The study adopted the qualitative approach in data gathering. Face-to-face interview was conducted with 15 key informants at 12 emergency management agencies which were selected out of a total of 43 agencies through multistage sampling. The agencies were first stratified into federal, state and non-governmental agencies and the selection of agencies as well as respondents was done using purposive sampling method. The selected respondents consisted of ICT personnel, risk management officers and other top management officers, such as directors, assistant directors/heads of department, and supervisors. The result showed that there were no suitable organisational or operational structures that could assist the deployment of ICT in emergency situations at the selected agencies; however, there was a high level of basic appreciation of simple ICT tools and facilities. The study recommended that agencies with no presence on the social media should create accounts through which they can share information and also interact with citizens as well as other agencies. Furthermore, there is a need to have additional policies at the state government level with regards to emergency management. It was also recommended that government agencies should acquire and use sophisticated technology equipments which can promote emergency management.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 140-150
Author(s):  
Iman Haddad Qaisara Dhia Mohd Mahzan ◽  
Khai Loon Lee

Managing inventory is crucial especially for manufacturing companies as it has a direct influence on profits of the company. In order to have an efficient inventory management, inventory accuracy need to be achieved and this can be achieved by leveraging technologies and techniques that can minimize the human error. The objective of this study is to investigate the factors affecting inventory inaccuracy in Factory 21 of ABC manufacturing company. This study reveals that the inventory inaccuracy is influenced by the order received in the factory, which is due to the human misconduct during the manual counting process of cartons on pallet. This paper proposes the deployment of Arduino sensor network system in automating the carton counting process.The findings for this study show that the automation system able to improve the inventory record accuracy in ABC manufacturing company.


2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangming Ma ◽  
Heap-Yih Chong ◽  
Pin-Chao Liao

Purpose Human error is among the leading causes of construction-based accidents. Previous studies on the factors affecting human error are rather vague from the perspective of complex and changeable working environments. The purpose of this paper is to develop a dynamic causal model of human errors to improve safety management in the construction industry. A theoretical model is developed and tested through a case study. Design/methodology/approach First, the authors defined the causal relationship between construction and human errors based on the cognitive reliability and error analysis method (CREAM). A dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) was then developed by connecting time-variant causal relationships of human errors. Next, prediction, sensitivity analysis and diagnostic analysis of DBN were applied to demonstrate the function of this model. Finally, a case study of elevator installation was presented to verify the feasibility and applicability of the proposed approach in a construction work environment. Findings The results of the proposed model were closer to those of practice than previous static models, and the features of the systematization and dynamics are more efficient in adapting toward increasingly complex and changeable environments. Originality/value This research integrated CREAM as the theoretical foundation for a novel time-variant causal model of human errors in construction. Practically, this model highlights the hazards that potentially trigger human error occurrences, facilitating the implementation of proactive safety strategy and safety measures in advance.


Author(s):  
Li Ping ◽  
Jamshid Beheshti.

Focusing on doctoral students as a specific user group, for a case study, this research investigates factors that might affect users’ mental models of a Web search engine measured in the dimension of completeness, and subsequently on their search performance. Data collection techniques include interview, observation and four standard tests.Se basant sur les étudiants au doctorat comme groupe spécifique d’utilisateurs pour réaliser une étude de cas, cette recherche examine les facteurs pouvant affecter les modèles mentaux des utilisateurs d’un moteur de recherche web, mesurés en termes d’exhaustivité, et subséquemment en termes de performance de recherche. Les techniques de collecte de données incluent l’entrevue, l’observation et quatre tests standardisés. 


2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhanupong Jitwasinkul ◽  
Bonaventura H. W. Hadikusumo

Although the importance of organisational factors in human error has been acknowledged, the influence of organisational factors in the area of work behaviour in construction industry has rarely been examined. The first step of investigation should begin with identifying the relevant contributing factors affecting at-risk work behaviours. Thus, the aim of this research is to identify important organisational factors that will reduce at-risk work behaviours. The implications of these findings are further used to quantify and investigate the role of organisational factors as an integral feature of safety intervention. Case studies are used to identify and categorize organisational factors. This identification process begins with literature reviews as commonly performed. The literature related with organisational factors was used as a primary source to investigate the influences of organisational factors on at-risk work behaviours. Hence, semi-structured interviews and reviews of the company's documents were conducted involving safety experts and workers to gain experiential and practical knowledge. The obtained results identified seven important factors of Thailand construction industry: communication, culture, management commitment, leadership, organisation learning, empowerment, and reward system. The implications of particular applications from these factors are considered as critical features for handling work behaviours. In addition, empirical findings provide particularly insight factors from expertise in a practical way. Validations with previous publications of some factors are also discussed. The identified contributing determinants from empirical findings can be expected to be influential at different levels within an organization. Consequently, the proposed hypothetical casual models enables determination of disparity in their influences of organisational factors when considering interventions to reduce at-risk work behaviour or to promote safe work behaviours. Santrauka Organizacinių veiksnių įtaka žmonių klaidoms buvo pripažįstama ilgą laiką, tačiau tų veiksnių poveikis saugiai elgsenai statybos pramonėje yra mažai ištirtas. Pirmasis tyrimo žingsnis turėtų būti veiksnių, darančių įtaką rizikingai elgsenai, nustatymas. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti organizacinius veiksnius, kurie leistų mažinti rizikingą elgseną darbo vietose. Tai leis tirti ir kiekybiškai vertinti organizacinių veiksnių vaidmenį užtikrinant saugą. Organizaciniai veiksniai nustatomi ir skirstomi kategorijomis nagrinėjant pavyzdžius. Apžvelgiama literatūra, kuri naudojama kaip pirminis informacijos apie organizacinius veiksnius šaltinis, atliekama pusiau struktūrinta saugos ekspertų ir darbuotojų apklausa, apžvelgiami įmonės dokumentai. Gauti rezultatai leido nustatyti septynis reikšmingus veiksnius, būdingus Tailando statybos pramonei: komunikacija, kultūra, vadybininkų įsipareigojimai, vadovavimas, organizaciniai mokymai, galių suteikimas, apdovanojimų sistema. Nagrinėjama šių veiksnių reikšmė užtikrinant saugią elgseną darbo vietoje. Teigiama, kad empirinės žinios, sukauptos straipsnyje aprašomame tyrime, leis nustatyti veiksnių įtaką skirtingais organizacijos lygmenimis. Straipsnyje siūlomi modeliai leis vertinti organizacinių veiksnių įtakos rizikingai elgsenai darbe nevienodumą ir skatinti saugią elgseną.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørn Sætrevik ◽  
Line Solheim Kvamme

Social network analysis is a preferred approach to examine the impact of social processes and mechanisms on team performance, but it can be challenging to measure these dynamics in applied settings. Our aim was to test whether the understanding of the task at hand was more accurate and more shared for teams with more evenly distributed interaction patterns. We pre-registered a novel approach for measuring social networks from sparse reporting of ranked interactions. Our sample was eleven emergency management teams that performed a scenario training exercise, where we asked factual questions about the ongoing task during performance, and retrospective questions about who were the most important communication and collaboration partners. We quantified shared mental models as the extent to which a team member showed the same understanding as the rest of their team, and quantified situation awareness as the extent to which team members showed the same knowledge as their team leader. We calculated which team members where most central to the network, and which networks had more evenly distributed networks. Our findings support the pre-registered hypotheses that more interconnected teams are associated with more accurate and more shared mental models, while the individual’s position in the network was not associated with MM.


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