scholarly journals Does Customer Demotion Jeopardize Loyalty?

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tillmann Wagner ◽  
Thorsten Hennig-Thurau ◽  
Thomas Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Loyalty Programs ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Loyalty Intentions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scenario Study

Hierarchical loyalty programs award elevated customer status (e.g., “elite membership”) to consumers who meet a predefined spending level. However, if a customer subsequently falls short of the required spending level, firms commonly revoke that status. The authors investigate the impact of such customer demotion on loyalty intentions toward the firm. Building on prospect theory and emotions theory, the authors hypothesize that changes in customer status have an asymmetric negative effect, such that the negative impact of customer demotion is stronger than the positive impact of status increases. An experimental scenario study provides evidence that loyalty intentions are indeed lower for demoted customers than for those who have never been awarded a preferred status, meaning that hierarchical loyalty programs can drive otherwise loyal customers away from a firm. A field study using proprietary sales data from a different industry context demonstrates the robustness of the negative impact of customer demotion. The authors test the extent to which design variables of hierarchical loyalty programs may attenuate the negative consequences of status demotions with a second experimental scenario study and present an analytical model that links status demotion to customer equity to aid managerial decision making.

Every coin has two sides: the impact of time pressure on employees’ knowledge hiding

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianchun Zhang ◽  
Zhu Yao ◽  
Wan Qunchao ◽  
Fu-Sheng Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Time Pressure ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Job Security ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Knowledge ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Knowledge Hiding ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Time pressure is the most common kind of work pressure that employees face in the workplace; the existing research results on the effect of time pressure are highly controversial (positive, negative, inverted U-shaped). Especially in the era of knowledge economy, there remains a research gap in the impact of time pressure on individual knowledge hiding. The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of different time pressure (challenge and hindrance) on knowledge hiding and to explain why there is controversy about the effect of time pressure in the academics. Design/methodology/approach The authors collected two waves of data and surveyed 341 R&D employees in China. Moreover, they used regression analysis, bootstrapping and Johnson–Neyman statistical technique to verify research hypotheses. Findings The results show that challenge time pressure (CTP) has a significant negative effect on knowledge hiding, whereas hindrance time pressure (HTP) has a significant positive effect on knowledge hiding; job security mediates the relationship between time pressure and knowledge hiding; temporal leadership strengthen the positive impact of CTP on job security; temporal leadership can mitigate the negative impact of HTP on job security. Originality/value The findings not only respond to the academic debate about the effect of time pressure and point out the reasons for the controversy but also enhance the scholars’ attention and understanding of the internal mechanism between time pressure and knowledge hiding.

The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Poverty Reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huong Thi Thanh Tran ◽  
Ha Thi Thu Le
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Poverty is a global issue and a lot of attention and efforts of the international community have been made to deal with this problem. Especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, when a part of the population could fall into poverty due to rising unemployment and income deduction, identifying the factors affecting poverty becomes particularly important. Financial inclusion has been recognized as one important factor affecting poverty reduction. This research is conducted to investigate the impact of financial inclusion and other control variables on poverty reduction. The study employs Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to build a financial inclusion index. Using 2SLS and the GMM regressions for a panel data of 29 European countries during the period from 2011 to 2017, the results show that financial inclusion has a negative impact on poverty at all three poverty lines of USD1.9, 3.2, and 5.5 per day. The proportion of the population aged 15–64 and the ratio of service employment to the total number of employment also have a negative effect on all three levels of POV1.9, POV3.2, and POV5.5. In contrast, GDP per capita, trade openness and the proportion of the population aged from 25 with at least secondary school education have a positive impact on poverty at three levels of poverty. The results confirm that financial inclusion plays an important role in reducing poverty. The study provides a number of recommendations to governments to promote financial inclusion and reduce poverty in the countries.

scholarly journals A Study on the Impact of Linguistic Persuasive Styles on the Sales Volume of Live Streaming Products in Social E-commerce Environment

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 1576
Author(s):  
Hanyang Luo ◽  
Sijia Cheng ◽  
Wanhua Zhou ◽  
Sumin Yu ◽  
Xudong Lin
Keyword(s):  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Purchase Behavior ◽  
Live Streaming ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
Linguistic Style ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Live-stream shopping is developing rapidly, but the sales levels of live streaming products vary by different hosts. How to increase the sales volume of live streaming products has become a problem. Consumers’ purchase behavior in live streaming is determined by some subjective factors, and the persuasiveness of linguistic style affects this subjective judgment to a certain extent. Therefore, the persuasiveness of the hosts’ linguistic style will lead to changes in consumers’ purchase intentions, which will affect the sales volume of products sold in the live streaming. Based on Hovland’s persuasion model, Aristotle’s rhetoric skills, text analysis, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic extraction model and grounded theory, this study divides the host’s linguistic persuasive style in the social e-commerce environment into five types: appealing to personality, appealing to logic, appealing to emotion, appealing to reward, and appealing to exaggeration. Combined with the sales volume of the product, we establish a regression model, and obtain the influence results of the host’s various linguistic persuasive styles on the sales of live streaming products. The results show that: the linguistic persuasive style of appealing to personality has the greatest positive impact on the sales volume of live broadcast products, but the linguistic style of appealing to logic has a negative impact. Interestingly, the same linguistic style has different effects for different types of products: the linguistic style of appealing to exaggeration has a negative effect on the sales volume of apparel products, but it has a positive influence on the sales volume of digital electrical products. Therefore, different linguistic styles should be used for different product types.

scholarly journals DAMPAK KEBERADAAN PASAR MODREN TERHADAP KINERJA EKONOMI REGIONAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasidin Karo-Karo Sitepu
Keyword(s):  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
The Impact

The objective of study is to analyze the impact of modern market presence to performance of regional economic. Specification model using simultaneous equations and is suspected by the method of two stages least Squares. Using secondary data for series from 1980 to 2010. The results showed that the presence of a modern market significantly negative effect on the turnover of MSMEs trade sector. Conversely a positive impact on MSME sector of agriculture and manufacture. Scenario modern market presence is significantly negative effect on traditional markets. Number of traditional markets and local government original receipt (PAD) will be decrease. However, overall gross regional domestic product (PDRB) and purchasing power parity are increased, while the number of unemployed decreased. To reduce the negative impact of modern market presence can be done by restricted the license of modern markets, increased access to capital, increased market access by doing a partnership with a modern market.

scholarly journals Impact Free School On The Quality Of Education In Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susy Yuliastanty
Keyword(s):  
Education Program ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Free School ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of a free school for the quality of education in Indonesia in view of the aspects, background and purpose of the establishment of free schools, positive and negative impacts holding of free schools, Solutions negative impact of free school program, Effects of Free School Policy on the Quality / quality Education and the Master. The results of the analysis that the economic situation is a portrait of the people who still support the cause of increasing lower the school dropout rates from time to time. While the legislation of our country mandated to continue to educate the children of the nation, the compulsory education program launched by the government be constrained. Efforts to realize the education budget of 20% of the state budget.Free education program does provide a lot of positive impact on education in Indonesia, among which: the inequality of education in Indonesia, providing opportunities for children who are less able to be able to get an education bench, reduce the level of ignorance, unemployment, and poverty, education levels Indonesia will increase, generating qualified human resources, realize the ideals of the Indonesian nation that is participating educate the children of the nation, to promote education and the nation's economy. In addition to a positive impact, free schools also have a negative effect, such as a lack of operating funds because it is centered on the BOS funds, the declining quality of education, lack of motivation and enthusiasm to learn some students because of the effects of free, reduced awareness of parents will be the responsibility of financing education, opportunities misappropriation of budget funds if not closely monitored.

scholarly journals DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN TIK TERHADAP PERILAKU ANAK USIA DINI: STUDI KASUS PADA ANAK USIA 4-7 TAHUN

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Sri Tatminingsih
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Children's Behavior ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Frequent Exposure

This study aims to determine the impact of the use of gadgets by early childhood. This  is a case study employing descriptive qualitative method. Data was collected by means of interviewing parents and observing children's behavior. The source of data is two mothers with 4 children aged 4 to 7 years. The results showed that the use of information and communication technology, in the forms of Ipad and mobile phones can have a positive as well as negative impact on the children’s behavior. When playing a gadget, children tend to play intensively and with a high frequency. It is interesting to note that at an early age the children already have the skills to use gadget features, and they can concentrate on the game for quite a long time. Another positive impact is the improved ability of conversational English by children, due to frequent exposure to many English programs. The negative impacts are the tendency of children to be selfish when sharing gadgets with other children, and tendency to delay their routine obligations. Parents needs to control the use of gadgets by children so that it brings more positive impacts than negative consequences. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak yang ditimbulkan pada penggunaan gadget oleh anak usia dini. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasusdengan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara terhadap orang tua dan observasi perilaku anak. Sumber data adalah 2 orang ibu dengan 4 anak usia 4-7 tahun. Waktu penelitian selama 2 Minggu, yaitu tanggal 7-20 Mei 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Setiap anak, rata-rata bermain gadget(Ipad dan/atau telepon genggam) selama 5-6 jam/hari yang dilakukan setelah pulang sekolah hingga waktu tidur; 2) Orangtua melarang lunak, dalam arti melarang tapi ketika anak merengek maka akan diijinkan; 3) Anak memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang baik dalam menggunakan fitur-fitur gadget; 4) Anak dapat berbahasa Inggris terutama dalam percakapan; 5) Anak cenderung tenang dan diam selama bermain gadget sendiri; 6) Anak cenderung rebut dan sulit mengalah saat bermain gadget bersama; 7) Anak cenderung menunda kewajiban rutinnya, seperti makan, mandi, tidur, belajar ketika sudah bermain gadget; 8) Anak cenderung tidak peduli dengan situasi di sekitarnya dan asyik sendiri; 9) Anak tidak suka jika diajak kegiatan di luar rumah dan selalu ingin cepat pulang agar bisa segera bermain gadget. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa penggunaan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi khususnya Ipad dan telepon genggam dapat berdampak positif dan negatif bagi perilaku anak usia dini. Rekomendai yang dapat disampaikan adalah sebaiknya orang tua benar-benar mengontrol penggunaan gadget pada anak agar dampak positifnya lebih banyak dibanding dampak negatifnya.

scholarly journals Population Migration and The Challenges of Economic Growth in North Sumatera in Year (1988-2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-355
Author(s):  
Zulkarnain Nasution ◽  
Muhammad Ali Al Ihsan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Dependency Ratio ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Dependency Ratios ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Population increase has the impact on demographic transition (changes in population structure). Indonesia is entering the demographic bonus period, there is the increase in the percentage of the working age population. According to theory, population can affect economic growth (in this study the effect on gross domestic product or GDP). One of the demographic components that affect population composition is population mobility or migration. This study used migration, risk migration and dependency ratios to show the latest patterns / trends of population mobility (last 20 years). The results showed that the variables in this study had a positive and negative effect on GDP growth. Of the three variables, the greatest influence is given by   percentage of dependency ratio variable. The results of this study showed that migration and risk migration had negative impact on economic growth while the dependency ratio had a positive impact on economic growth.  North Sumatra must be optimistic to increase economic growth by utilizing components that can boost the economy and one of them is the dependency ratio.

043 Sleep Restriction Affects Memory in Healthy Adults: Preliminary Findings

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A18-A19
Author(s):  
Molly Zimmerman ◽  
Christiane Hale ◽  
Adam Brickman ◽  
Lok-Kin Yeung ◽  
Justin Cochran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Neuropsychological Function ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Sleep Condition ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Sleep loss has a range of detrimental effects on cognitive ability. However, few studies have examined the impact of sleep restriction on neuropsychological function using an experimental design. The goal of this study was to examine the extent to which maintained insufficient sleep affects cognition in healthy adults compared to habitual adequate sleep. Methods This study used a randomized, crossover, outpatient sleep restriction design. Adults who regularly slept at least 7 h/night, verified by 2 weeks of screening with actigraphy, completed 2 phases of 6 weeks each: habitual sleep (>7 h of sleep/night) or sleep restriction (habitual sleep minus 1.5 h) separated by a 6-week washout period. During the sleep restriction phase, participants were asked to delay their bedtime by 1.5 hours/night while maintaining their habitual wake time. Neuropsychological function was evaluated with the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery at baseline (week 0) and endpoint (week 6) of each intervention phase. The NIH Toolbox evaluates a range of cognitive abilities, including attention, executive functioning, and working memory. General linear models with post hoc paired t-tests were used to assess demographically-adjusted test scores prior to and following each sleep condition. Results At the time of analyses, 16 participants were enrolled (age 34.5□14.5 years, 9 women), 10 of whom had completed study procedures. An interaction between sleep condition and testing session revealed that individuals performed worse on List Sorting, a working memory test, after sleep restriction but improved slightly after habitual sleep (p<0.001). While not statistically reliable, the pattern of test results was similar on the other tests of processing speed, executive function, and attention. Conclusion In these preliminary results from this randomized experimental study, we demonstrated that sleep restriction has a negative impact while stable habitual adequate sleep has a positive impact on working memory, or the ability to temporarily hold information in mind while executing task demands. This finding contributes to our understanding of the complex interplay between different aspects of sleep quality (i.e., both sleep restriction as well as the maintenance of stable sleep patterns) on cognition and underscores the importance of routine sleep screening as part of medical evaluations. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship between Communication and Success of Construction Projects: The Mediating Role of Conflict

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4513
Author(s):  
Summaira Malik ◽  
Muhammad Taqi ◽  
José Moleiro Martins ◽  
Mário Nuno Mata ◽  
João Manuel Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Project Success ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Project Team ◽  
Relationship Conflict ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact

The success of a construction project is a widely discussed topic, even today, and there exists a difference of opinion. The impact of communication and conflict on project success is an important, but least addressed, issue in literature, especially in the case of underdeveloped countries. Miscommunication and conflict not only hinder the success of a project but also may lead to conflicts. The focus of this paper was to examine the impact of communication on project success with the mediating role of conflict. By using SPSS, demographics, descriptive statistics and correlation were determined. Smart PLS version 3.0 was used for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal accuracy and validity estimates, hypothesis checking and mediation testing. The results showed that formal communication has a negative impact on the success of a construction project, resulting in conflicts among project team members, whereas informal communication and communication willingness have a positive impact on project success because people tend to know each other, and trust is developed. Task, process and relationship conflicts were used as mediating variables. It was found that task conflict effects the relations positively because project team members suggest different ways to do a certain task, and, hence, project success is achieved. On the contrary, process conflict and relationship conflict have a negative impact on communication and project success. Both of these conflicts lead to miscommunication, and project success is compromised. Hence, it is the responsibility of the project manager to enhance communication among project team members and to reduce the detrimental effects of process and relationship conflict on project success.

scholarly journals Environmental Regulation, Environmental Awareness and Environmental Governance Satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3960
Author(s):  
Meng-Meng Geng ◽  
Ling-Yun He
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
The People ◽  
The Impact

It is a problem worth thinking about whether the government’s environmental regulation policies can meet the residents’ requirements for environmental quality, and benefit the people. The study of the public’s subjective evaluation can more intuitively judge whether the government’s environmental regulation has realized “ecological benefits for the people”. Based on the data of the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) in 2013, this paper studied the impact of environmental regulation and environmental awareness on environmental governance satisfaction by an ordered probit model. The study found that environmental regulation has a significant positive impact on environmental governance satisfaction, while environmental awareness has a significant negative impact on environmental governance satisfaction. We also found that when public environmental awareness is taken into account, the positive relationship between environmental regulation and environmental governance satisfaction is affected. The robustness test proved this conclusion.

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