Chapter 4. Toughening mechanism of multicomponent polymers

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-112
Keyword(s):  
Toughening Mechanism

Phase separation in sol gel-derived ceramic films of silica-zirconia, alumina-zirconia, and titania-zirconia system

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 646-647
Author(s):  
J. Tong ◽  
L. Eyring
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Chemical Durability ◽  
Separation Method ◽  
Toughening Mechanism ◽  
Ceramic Films ◽  
Zirconia Toughened Alumina

There is increasing interest in composites containing zirconia because of their high strength, fracture toughness, and its great influence on the chemical durability in glass. For the zirconia-silica system, monolithic glasses, fibers and coatings have been obtained. There is currently a great interest in designing zirconia-toughened alumina including exploration of the processing methods and the toughening mechanism.The possibility of forming nanocrystal composites by a phase separation method has been investigated in three systems: zirconia-alumina, zirconia-silica and zirconia-titania using HREM. The morphological observations initially suggest that the formation of nanocrystal composites by a phase separation method is possible in the zirconia-alumina and zirconia-silica systems, but impossible in the zirconia-titania system. The separation-produced grain size in silica-zirconia system is around 5 nm and is more uniform than that in the alumina-zirconia system in which the sizes of the small polyhedron grains are around 10 nm. In the titania-zirconia system, there is no obvious separation as was observed in die alumina-zirconia and silica-zirconia system.

Finite Element Modeling of Damage Formation in Rubber-Toughened Polymer

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 1019-1024
Author(s):  
Mitsugu Todo ◽  
Yoshihiro Fukuya ◽  
Seiya Hagihara ◽  
Kazuo Arakawa
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Damage Zone ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Crack Tip ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Toughening Mechanism ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Rubber Toughened

Microscopic studies on the toughening mechanism of rubber-toughened PMMA (RTPMMA) were carried out using a polarizing optical microscope (POM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM). POM result showed that in a typical RT-PMMA, a damage zone was developed in the vicinity of crack-tip, and therefore, it was considered that energy dissipation due to the damage zone development was the primary toughening mechanism. TEM result exhibited that the damage zone was a crowd of micro-crazes generated around rubber particles in the vicinity of notch-tip. Finite element analysis was then performed to simulate such damage formations in crack-tip region. Macro-scale and micro-scale models were developed to simulate damage zone formation and micro-crazing, respectively, with use of a damage model. It was shown that the damage model introduced was successfully applied to predict such kind of macro-damage and micro-craze formations.

Mechanical properties and toughening mechanisms of epoxy/graphene nanocomposites

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Eqra ◽  
Kamal Janghorban ◽  
Habib Daneshmanesh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Graphene Nanosheets ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Toughening Mechanism ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposites

Abstract Because of extraordinary physical, chemical and mechanical properties, graphene nanosheets (GNS) are suitable fillers for optimizing the properties of different polymers. In this research, the effect of GNS content (up to 1 wt.%) on tensile and flexural properties, morphology of fracture surface, and toughening mechanism of epoxy were investigated. Results of mechanical tests showed a peak for tensile and flexural strength of samples with 0.1 wt.% GNS such that the tensile and flexural strength improved by 13% and 3.3%, respectively. The Young’s modulus and flexural modulus increased linearly with GNS content, although the behavior of the Young’s modulus was more remarkable. Morphological investigations confirmed this behavior because the GNS dispersion in the epoxy matrix was uniform at lower contents and agglomerated at higher contents. Finally, microscopical observation showed that the major toughening mechanism of graphene-epoxy nanocomposites was crack path deflection, which changed the mirror fracture surface of the pure epoxy to rough surface.

Microstructure Simulation and Toughening Mechanism of Ceramic Tool Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 335-336 ◽  
pp. 688-694
Author(s):  
Xiao Hui Zhu ◽  
Chuan Zhen Huang ◽  
Han Lian Liu ◽  
Bin Zou ◽  
Hong Tao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Ceramic Tool ◽  
Toughening Mechanism ◽  
C Language ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Microstructure Simulation ◽  
Ceramic Tool Material

Based on the microstructure results of Monte Carlo simulation, a three-dimensional grid model is built up, and imported into the finite element software with C++ language to analyze the mechanical properties of ceramic tool material. The stress field and residual stress of single-phase and multiphase ceramics have been analyzed by the computer simulation technology.

A study on strengthening and toughening mechanism of laser beam welded joint prepared between Ti–22Al–27Nb and Ti–6Al–4V with an interlayer of Nb

2021 ◽  
pp. 141843
Author(s):  
Hussain Mirza Zahid ◽  
Jiang Tao Xiong ◽  
Jinglong Li ◽  
Siddique Farah ◽  
Lin Jie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Toughening Mechanism

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 Glass-Ceramics Precipitating Hexagonal CaAl2Si2O8 Crystals

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Kei Maeda ◽  
Kosho Akatsuka ◽  
Gaku Okuma ◽  
Atsuo Yasumori
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Liquidus Temperature ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
High Fracture Toughness ◽  
Flexural Test ◽  
Toughening Mechanism ◽  
High Fracture ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microcrack Toughening

Fracture behavior via a flexural test for a newly found CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 (CAS) glass-ceramic (GC) was compared with that of enstatite GC and mica GC, which are well-known GCs with high-fracture toughness and machinability, respectively. By focusing on the nonelastic load–displacement curves, CAS GC was characterized as a less brittle material similar to machinable mica GC, compared with enstatite GC, which showed higher fracture toughness, KIC. The microcrack toughening mechanism in CAS GC was supported by the nondestructive observation of microcracks around the Vickers indentation using the X-ray microcomputed tomography technique. The CAS GC also showed higher transparency than mica GC due to its low crystallinity. Moreover, the precursor glass had easy formability due to its low-liquidus temperature.

scholarly journals Influence of structure on the hardness and the toughening mechanism of the sintered 8YSZ/MWCNTs composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 5058-5065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soukaina Lamnini ◽  
Zoltán Károly ◽  
Eszter Bódis ◽  
Katalin Balázsi ◽  
Csaba Balázsi
Keyword(s):  
Toughening Mechanism
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