scholarly journals Practical use of High-Resolution 20 MHz Ultrasonography in Dermatovenerology

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
A Kozarova ◽  
E Minarikova ◽  
T Pappova
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Diagnostic Procedure ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Excellent Correlation ◽  
Skin Tumours ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract High-frequency skin ultrasonography using Dermascan C, manufactured by Cortex Technology, is an important part of modern diagnostic procedure of various skin diseases. It has been used in dermatology since 1979, when it was first used for the measurement of cutaneous thickness. Ultrasonography is a universal, painless, low-risk and non-invasive procedure that can easily be performed and repeated. It provides real-time visual information about the processes in the skin. This technique has grown to become frequent imaging method in dermatology. Skin ultrasonography is usually applied in the assessment of skin tumours, inflammatory or fibrosing skin diseases. The main application of ultrasonography in dermatovenerology is a preoperative thickness measurement of malignant melanoma. There is an excellent correlation between ultrasonographic and histological measurements of melanomas thickness. Moreover, information about the lesion quality and the inner structure can be obtained. In this article authors present the possibility of using high-frequency 20 MHz ultrasonography in dermatovenerology.

scholarly journals Verification of new method for automatic thickness measurement of melanocytic skin tumours by high frequency ultrasound

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 651-661
Author(s):  
Gintare Linkeviciute ◽  
Renaldas Raisutis ◽  
Kristina Sakalauskiene ◽  
Jurgita Makstiene ◽  
Jonas Guzaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
New Method ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Skin Tumours ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

The role of ultrasonography in diagnosing hourglass-like fascicular constriction(s) of the anterior interosseous nerve

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110529
Author(s):  
Tiezheng Wang ◽  
Hengtao Qi ◽  
Dehua Wang ◽  
Zengtao Wang ◽  
Shougang Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anterior Interosseous Nerve ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasonography ◽  
Electrophysiological Examination

Background In the past, the diagnosis of hourglass-like fascicular constriction(s) of the anterior interosseous nerve mostly depended on electrophysiological examination, by which the location could not be diagnosed. There are few studies on the evaluation of hourglass-like fascicular constriction(s) by ultrasonography. Purpose To evaluate the role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of hourglass-like fascicular constriction(s) of the anterior interosseous nerve. Material and Methods A retrospective analysis of 12 patients with hourglass-like fascicular constriction(s) of the anterior interosseous nerve was carried out, and the characteristics of the high-frequency ultrasonographic images were summarized and compared with surgical exploration. Results The 12 cases of hourglass-like fascicular constriction(s) of the anterior interosseous nerve were all located in the median nerve of the distal upper arm, including nine cases of single hourglass-like fascicular constriction and three cases of multiple hourglass-like fascicular constrictions. High-frequency ultrasonography can accurately locate the hourglass-like fascicular constriction(s) of the anterior interosseous nerve and the extent of neuropathy. The ultrasonographic images of hourglass-like fascicular constriction(s) of the anterior interosseous nerve showed single or multiple hourglass-like change(s) in the median nerve of the distal upper arm. The nerve fascicles on both sides of the affected nerve with hourglass-like change thickened. Conclusions High-frequency ultrasonography could be a reliable, convenient, and non-invasive diagnostic imaging method for hourglass-like fascicular constriction(s) of the anterior interosseous nerve.

scholarly journals Performance comparison of various denoising filters for brain MRI images

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.21) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
M Latha ◽  
S Arun
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Normal Metabolism ◽  
The Brain

Communication in the modern age has been done via Visual information which is being transmitted in the form of digital images. The transmitted image often contains noise and need to be preprocessed before applied in algorithms. Image provides some useful structural and functional information about the brain after involving into a simple and non-invasive procedure. Various functional modalities like CT, SPECT and MRI detects some changes in normal metabolism and in flow of blood. If the original image is noisy or has any structural changes, it becomes difficult to identify the required features from the original image and hence preprocessing becomes an essential step. An experimental methodology has been done which compares and classify the various denoising filters.  

scholarly journals Oxygen Imaging for Non-Invasive Metastasis Detection

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Joshua Punnoose ◽  
Henry Nachman ◽  
Shai Ashkenazi
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Lifetime Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Oxygen Imaging ◽  
Patient Morbidity ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Imaging Depth

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is an integral part of treatment planning for a variety of cancers as it evaluates whether a tumor has metastasized, an event that significantly reduces survival probability. However, this invasive procedure is associated with patient morbidity, and misses small metastatic deposits, resulting in the removal of additional nodes for tumors with high metastatic probability despite a negative SLN biopsy. To prevent this over-treatment and its associated morbidities for patients that were truly negative, we propose a tissue oxygen imaging method called Photoacoustic Lifetime Imaging (PALI) as an alternative or supplementary tool for SLN biopsy. As the hyper-metabolic state of cancer cells significantly depresses tissue oxygenation compared to normal tissue even for small metastatic deposits, we hypothesize that PALI can sensitively and specifically detect metastases. Before this hypothesis is tested, however, PALI’s maximum imaging depth must be evaluated to determine the cancer types for which it is best suited. To evaluate imaging depth, we developed and simulated a phantom composed of tubing in a tissue-mimicking, optically scattering liquid. Our simulation and experimental results both show that PALI’s maximum imaging depth is 16 mm. As most lymph nodes are deeper than 16 mm, ways to improve imaging depth, such as directly delivering light to the node using penetrating optical fibers, must be explored.

scholarly journals POS1388 ULTRASOUND FOR PANNICULITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 977.1-977
Author(s):  
A. Potapova ◽  
O. Egorova ◽  
O. Alekseeva ◽  
A. Volkov ◽  
S. Radenska-Lopovok
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
M 12

Background:Ultrasound (US) is a non-invasive and safe imaging method that allows in vivo differentiation of the morphological structures of subcutaneous fat (SCF) tissue in in normal and pathology.Objectives:Reveal features of ultrasound changes in SCF in panniculitis (Pn).Methods:57 patients (f – 45, m - 12) aged 18 - 67 years with an initial diagnosis of erythema nodosum and a disease duration of 3.6 ± 1.4 years were examined. In addition to the general clinical examination, a computed tomography of the chest organs and a pathomorphological examination of a skin biopsy from the site of the node were performed. Ultrasound was performed on a MyLabTwice apparatus (ESAOTE, Italy) using a multi-frequency linear transducer (10-18 MHz) with the PD technique, the parameters of which were adapted for recording low-speed flows (PRF 300-600 Hz, low filter, dynamic range - 20-40 dB), the presence of vascularization was assessed not only in the affected area, but also on the contralateral side using high-energy Doppler.Results:33 patients were diagnosed with septal Pn (SPn), 24 - lobular Pn (LPn). In all cases, the diagnosis was verified by histological examination. Ultrasound made it possible to assess the thickness, echoicity and vascularization of the SCF. In 35 patients, significant thickening of the SCF was revealed (as compared to the contralateral side), of which in 14 cases with SPn, in 21 - with LPn. Significant diffuse thickening of the SCF with the contralateral side was observed in 18 patients, incl. in 12 (66%) patients with LPn. Limited thickening was more typical for SPn (73%). A significant increase in the echoicity of the SCF was noted in all forms of Pn. A “lobular” echo pattern with an anechogenic environment was observed in 25 patients, of which 18 (72%) had LPn. An increase in vascularization compared to the contralateral side was recorded in 30 cases (SPn-17, LPn-13).Conclusion:The obtained preliminary results indicate the important role of ultrasound in assessing the depth and prevalence of the inflammatory process at Pn. To clarify the diagnostic value of this method, further studies are needed on a larger sample of patients.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Flexible Potentiometric Sensor System for Non-Invasive Determination of Antioxidant Activity of Human Skin: Application for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Phytocosmetic Products

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Aleksey V. Tarasov ◽  
Ekaterina I. Khamzina ◽  
Maria A. Bukharinova ◽  
Natalia Yu. Stozhko
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Silver Chloride ◽  
Potentiometric Sensor ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pet Film ◽  
The Impact

In contemporary bioanalysis, monitoring the antioxidant activity (AOA) of the human skin is used to assess stresses, nutrition, cosmetics, and certain skin diseases. Non-invasive methods for skin AOA monitoring have certain advantages over invasive methods, namely cost-effectiveness, lower labor intensity, reduced risk of infection, and obtaining results in the real-time mode. This study presents a new flexible potentiometric sensor system (FPSS) for non-invasive determination of the human skin AOA, which is based on flexible film electrodes (FFEs) and membrane containing a mediator ([Fe(CN)6]3–/4–). Low-cost available materials and scalable technologies were used for FFEs manufacturing. The indicator FFE was fabricated based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film and carbon veil (CV) by single-sided hot lamination. The reference FFE was fabricated based on PET film and silver paint by using screen printing, which was followed by the electrodeposition of precipitate containing a mixture of silver chloride and silver ferricyanide (SCSF). The three-electrode configuration of the FPSS, including two indicator FFEs (CV/PET) and one reference FFE (SCSF/Ag/PET), has been successfully used for measuring the skin AOA and evaluating the impact of phytocosmetic products. FPSS provides reproducible (RSD ≤ 7%) and accurate (recovery of antioxidants is almost 100%) results, which allows forecasting its broad applicability in human skin AOA monitoring as well as for evaluating the effectiveness of topically and orally applied antioxidants.

scholarly journals Non-invasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in preterm infants after extubation: a randomized, controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006052098491
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Qiufen Wei ◽  
Dan Zhao ◽  
Yan Mo ◽  
Liping Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Oscillatory Ventilation ◽  
High Frequency Oscillatory

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of non-invasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (NHFOV) in post-extubation preterm infants. Methods This was a randomized, controlled trial. A total of 149 preterm infants aged between 25 to 34 weeks’ gestational age with a birth weight of <1500 g who required invasive mechanical ventilation on admission were included. After extubation, they were randomized to the NHFOV group (n = 47), nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) group (n = 51), or nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) group (n = 51). We compared the effectiveness and safety among these three groups. Results A total of 139 preterm infants finally completed the study. The reintubation rate was significantly lower in the NHFOV group than in the other groups. The duration of non-invasive ventilation and the length of hospital stay in the NHFOV and NIPPV groups were significantly shorter than those in the NCPAP group. The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the NHFOV and NIPPV groups was significantly lower than that in the NCPAP group. The NHFOV group had significantly less nasal injury than the NCPAP group. Conclusion As post-extubation respiratory support in preterm infants, NHFOV has a lower reintubation rate compared with NCPAP and NIPPV, without increasing the rate of complications.

scholarly journals The Use of Micro- and Nanocarriers for Resveratrol Delivery into and across the Skin in Different Skin Diseases—A Literature Review

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Beata Szulc-Musioł ◽  
Beata Sarecka-Hujar
Keyword(s):  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Skin Abnormalities ◽  
Low Solubility ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Poor Stability

In recent years, polyphenols have been extensively studied due to their antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown that anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavan-3-ols play an important role in the prevention of bacterial infections, as well as vascular or skin diseases. Particularly, resveratrol, as a multi-potent agent, may prevent or mitigate the effects of oxidative stress. As the largest organ of the human body, skin is an extremely desirable target for the possible delivery of active substances. The transdermal route of administration of active compounds shows many advantages, including avoidance of gastrointestinal irritation and the first-pass effect. Moreover, it is non-invasive and can be self-administered. However, this delivery is limited, mainly due to the need to overpassing the stratum corneum, the possible decomposition of the substances in contact with the skin surface or in the deeper layers thereof. In addition, using resveratrol for topical and transdermal delivery faces the problems of its low solubility and poor stability. To overcome this, novel systems of delivery are being developed for the effective transport of resveratrol across the skin. Carriers in the micro and nano size were demonstrated to be more efficient for safe and faster topical and transdermal delivery of active substances. The present review aimed to discuss the role of resveratrol in the treatment of skin abnormalities with a special emphasis on technologies enhancing transdermal delivery of resveratrol.

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