scholarly journals A Simple Bargaining Procedure for the Myerson Value

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemí Navarro ◽  
Andres Perea
Keyword(s):  
Undirected Graph ◽  
Connected Component ◽  
Bilateral Bargaining ◽  
Myerson Value ◽  
Marginal Value ◽  
Two Agents ◽  
Total Surplus ◽  
A Value ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Bargaining Procedure

AbstractWe consider situations where the cooperation and negotiation possibilities between pairs of agents are given by an undirected graph. Every connected component of agents has a value, which is the total surplus the agents can generate by working together. We present a simple, sequential, bilateral bargaining procedure, in which at every stage the two agents in a link, (i,j) bargain about their share from cooperation in the connected component they are part of. We show that this procedure yields the Myerson value (Myerson, 1997) if the marginal value of any link in a connected component is increasing in the number of links in that connected component.

Agents for Multi-Issue Negotiation

2007 ◽  
pp. 750-770
Author(s):  
J. Debenham
Keyword(s):  
Information Sources ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
General Information ◽  
Dynamic Information ◽  
Bilateral Bargaining ◽  
Two Agents ◽  
Informed Decisions

This chapter describes a generic multi-issue negotiating agent that is designed for a dynamic information-rich environment. The agent strives to make informed decisions by observing signals in the marketplace and by observing general information sources including news feeds. The agent assumes that the integrity of some of its information decays with time, and that a negotiation may break down under certain conditions. The agent makes no assumptions about the internals of its opponent—it focuses only on the signals that it receives. Two agents are described. The first agent conducts multi-issue bilateral bargaining. It constructs two probability distributions over the set of all deals: the probability that its opponent will accept a deal, and the probability that a deal should be accepted by the agent. The second agent bids in multi-issue auctions—as for the bargaining agent, this agent constructs probability distributions using entropy-based inference.

Modeling the behavior of a hierarchy of command agents with context-based reasoning

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikke Amilde Løvlid ◽  
Solveig Bruvoll ◽  
Karsten Brathen ◽  
Avelino Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Multi Agent System ◽  
Agent System ◽  
Agent Behavior ◽  
Two Agents ◽  
Computer Generated Forces ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Multi Agent

Context-based reasoning is a paradigm for modeling agent behavior that is based on the idea that humans only use a small portion of their knowledge at any given time. It was specially designed to represent human tactical behavior and has been successfully implemented in systems with single agents or two agents working together. In this paper, we apply this idea in a hierarchical multi-agent system of command agents, where the agents’ actions are to command and coordinate subordinates, send reports to their superiors, and communicate with other agents at the same level. We focus on how contexts and actions can be defined for these higher level command agents and how the contexts and actions for the different command agents are related. The proposed methodology is implemented and tested for a hierarchy of command agents that are interpreting and planning an operational order at a battalion level and carrying it out in a computer generated forces environment.

scholarly journals Working Together in Class

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
Marioara Pateşan
Keyword(s):  
Team Work ◽  
Military Students ◽  
Value Judgment ◽  
A Value ◽  
Cohesive Group ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Student’S Performance ◽  
Campus Activities ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Military

AbstractThe scores obtained by the military students are very important as a lot of opportunities depend on them: the choice of the branch, selection for different in and off-campus activities, the appointment to the workplace and so on. A qualifier, regardless of its form of effective expression, can make a difference in a given context of issuing a value judgment, in relation to the student's performance assessment. In our research we tried to find out what motives students, what determines them to get actively involved in the tasks they are given and the ways we can improve their participation in classes and assignments. In order to have an educated generation we need to have not only well prepared teachers but ones that are open-minded, flexible and in pace with the methodological novelties that can improve the teaching learning process in class. Along the years we have noticed that in classes where students constituted a cohesive group with an increasing degree of interaction between members, the results were better than in a group that did not appreciate team-work. In this article we want to highlight the fact that a teacher can bring to class the appropriate methods and procedures can contribute decisively to the strengthening of the group cohesion and high scores.

Bilateral bargaining

2020 ◽  
pp. 551-573
Author(s):  
David M. Kreps
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Supply Curve ◽  
Noncooperative Game ◽  
Noncooperative Game Theory ◽  
Institutional Form ◽  
Bilateral Bargaining ◽  
Marginal Value ◽  
Bilateral Monopoly

This chapter examines how, after discussing monopoly, many principles and intermediate microeconomics books move on to the cases of monopsony (one buyer and many sellers) and bilateral monopoly (one buyer and one seller). The analysis of monopsony is straightforward after monopoly. The monopsonist, taking their supply curve as given, equates the marginal value of the factor to them with the “marginal factor cost.” Then there is a paragraph or two about bilateral monopoly. The chapter considers what noncooperative game theory has to offer to this situation. This is a case where institutions matter (according to the theory), and rather more than seems sensible, although the extreme and unintuitive sensitivity to institutional form that one sees in the theory may be attributable to the starkness of the models in terms of what players know about each other. The chapter then looks at the problem of bilateral bargaining.

scholarly journals LINK MONOTONIC ALLOCATION SCHEMES

2005 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 473-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCO SLIKKER
Keyword(s):  
Allocation Scheme ◽  
Myerson Value ◽  
Allocation Rules ◽  
A Value ◽  
Position Value ◽  
Communication Situations ◽  
Fixed Set ◽  
Monotonic Allocation Scheme

A network is a graph where the nodes represent players and the links represent bilateral interaction between the players. A reward game assigns a value to every network on a fixed set of players. An allocation scheme specifies how to distribute the worth of every network among the players. This allocation scheme is link monotonic if extending the network does not decrease the payoff of any player. We characterize the class of reward games that have a link monotonic allocation scheme. Two allocation schemes for reward games are studied, the Myerson allocation scheme and the position allocation scheme, which are both based on allocation rules for communication situations. We introduce two notions of convexity in the setting of reward games and with these notions of convexity we characterize the classes of reward games where the Myerson allocation scheme and the position allocation scheme are link monotonic. As a by-product we find a characterization of the Myerson value and the position value on the class of reward games using potentials.

scholarly journals A Value-based Trust Assessment Model for Multi-agent Systems

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinzang Chhogyal ◽  
Abhaya Nayak ◽  
Aditya Ghose ◽  
Hoa K. Dam
Keyword(s):  
Simple Approach ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
Agent Systems ◽  
Two Agents ◽  
A Value ◽  
Multi Agent

An agent's assessment of its trust in another agent is commonly taken to be a measure of the reliability/predictability of the latter's actions. It is based on the trustor's past observations of the behaviour of the trustee and requires no knowledge of the inner-workings of the trustee. However, in situations that are new or unfamiliar, past observations are of little help in assessing trust. In such cases, knowledge about the trustee can help. A particular type of knowledge is that of values - things that are important to the trustor and the trustee. In this paper, based on the premise that the more values two agents share, the more they should trust one another, we propose a simple approach to trust assessment between agents based on values, taking into account if agents trust cautiously or boldly, and if they depend on others in carrying out a task.

Using regional community consultative committees to improve stakeholder collaboration

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
John Phalen
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Standard Condition ◽  
Stakeholder Collaboration ◽  
A Value ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Community Outcomes ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Meaningful Engagement ◽  
Regional Community ◽  
Internal Stakeholders

The importance of stakeholder engagement is often discussed, but there is something more powerful: stakeholder collaboration. It is one thing to have your stakeholders fully informed and understanding of proposals, but how much more beneficial would it be if they partake in creating proposals? Success among all parties is a value shared by staff on the $18.5b Santos GLNG CSG to LNG Project. While regular and meaningful engagement has been critical to the active stakeholders (more than 4,000) impacted by the project, the greatest community outcomes have occurred through collaboration. The concept of collaboration applies just as much to the internal stakeholders of an organisation as it does to the external audience. This extended abstract focuses on collaboration opportunities with external stakeholders using examples from the Santos GLNG Project. ‘The whole is greater than the sum of its parts’, an often-used quote from Aristotle, is fundamental to the notion of stakeholder collaboration. Far greater results can be achieved by working together. In 2009, Santos created the Roma Community Consultative Committees (RCCCs) collaboration. Such was the success of this committee that it has since been mandated by the Queensland Coordinator-General as a standard condition of approval of new major projects. Santos has also expanded the concept of the committee to include industry partners. These committees now operate in every regional council area impacted by the project. RCCCs bring together key community leaders every quarter to discuss social issues, primarily generated either directly or indirectly from the activities of the Santos GLNG Project.

Simulation Method of Tunnel Excavation under Plane Strain Condition

2012 ◽  
Vol 170-173 ◽  
pp. 1753-1756
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Niu
Keyword(s):  
Initial Stress ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Hole Diameter ◽  
Subway Tunnel ◽  
Stress Release ◽  
Tunnel Excavation ◽  
Marginal Value ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
A Value

For a different supporting time hole into subway tunnel excavation, with the initial stress in the surrounding rock in the tunnel and initial stress reverse impose the same release the equivalent of the simulation node, consider themselves lining load conditions in a hole under the formation of linear elastic numerical solution. The analysis indicated that with the increasing of the stress release rate, the hole arch displacement gradually decrease. When the stress release rate is bigger than a value, the hole arch displacement is increase rapidly, this is a marginal value (the biggest permission release rate); Under the identical hole diameter condition, the burying depth is bigger, the biggest permission release rate is bigger; Under the identical burying depth condition, the hole diameter is bigger, the biggest permission release rate is smaller.

scholarly journals STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI ERA COVID-19 UNTUK MENUMBUHKAN KEMAMPUAN BERFIKIR KREATIF MAHASISWA DI STKIP PESISIR SELATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Riri Lestari ◽  
◽  
Alexander Syam ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
A Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Face To Face Learning

After the Covid-19 pandemic entered Indonesia which then in mid-March 2020 to reduce the number of Covid 19 sufferers, the provincial and local governments produced policies in the world of education, namely temporarily eliminating face-to-face learning and replaced with online learning at both the school and college levels, manifested in a system called an electronic university (e-university). Online learning makes it easy to provide information transfer in various situations and conditions, to foster creative thinking students still have to 1) try to focus on learning even though in the current pandemic conditions with a value of 0.894 then 2) manage study time regularly with a value of 0, 884, 3) Avoid all kinds of distractions that have the potential to interfere with the learning process with a value of 0.862 and 4) communication must be well established to avoid misunderstanding with a value of 0.850. Each priority will be carried out by lecturers and students working together to achieve the learning process.

Observations of the Thermal Decomposition of Brucite

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 446-447
Author(s):  
P. L. Burnett ◽  
W. R. Mitchell ◽  
C. L. Houck
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Basal Plane ◽  
Magnesium Ions ◽  
A Value ◽  
Reaction Proceeds

Natural Brucite (Mg(OH)2) decomposes on heating to form magnesium oxide (MgO) having its cubic ﹛110﹜ and ﹛111﹜ planes respectively parallel to the prism and basal planes of the hexagonal brucite lattice. Although the crystal-lographic relation between the parent brucite crystal and the resulting mag-nesium oxide crystallites is well known, the exact mechanism by which the reaction proceeds is still a matter of controversy. Goodman described the decomposition as an initial shrinkage in the brucite basal plane allowing magnesium ions to shift their original sites to the required magnesium oxide positions followed by a collapse of the planes along the original <0001> direction of the brucite crystal. He noted that the (110) diffraction spots of brucite immediately shifted to the positions required for the (220) reflections of magnesium oxide. Gordon observed separate diffraction spots for the (110) brucite and (220) magnesium oxide planes. The positions of the (110) and (100) brucite never changed but only diminished in intensity while the (220) planes of magnesium shifted from a value larger than the listed ASTM d spacing to the predicted value as the decomposition progressed.

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