Cancer sniffer dogs: how can we translate this peculiarity in laboratory medicine? Results of a pilot study on gastrointestinal cancers

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Concetta Panebianco ◽  
Edgar Kelman ◽  
Kristel Vene ◽  
Domenica Gioffreda ◽  
Francesca Tavano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Phenylacetic Acid ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Early Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Dimethyl Disulphide ◽  
Olfactory Testing

AbstractBackground:Identification of cancer biomarkers to allow early diagnosis is an urgent need for many types of tumors, whose prognosis strongly depends on the stage of the disease. Canine olfactory testing for detecting cancer is an emerging field of investigation. As an alternative, here we propose to use GC-Olfactometry (GC/O), which enables the speeding up of targeted biomarker identification and analysis. A pilot study was conducted in order to determine odor-active compounds in urine that discriminate patients with gastrointestinal cancers from control samples (healthy people).Methods:Headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME)-GC/MS and GC-olfactometry (GC/O) analysis were performed on urine samples obtained from gastrointestinal cancer patients and healthy controls.Results:In total, 91 key odor-active compounds were found in the urine samples. Although no odor-active biomarkers present were found in cancer carrier’s urine, significant differences were discovered in the odor activities of 11 compounds in the urine of healthy and diseased people. Seven of above mentioned compounds were identified: thiophene, 2-methoxythiophene, dimethyl disulphide, 3-methyl-2-pentanone, 4-(or 5-)methyl-3-hexanone, 4-ethyl guaiacol and phenylacetic acid. The other four compounds remained unknown.Conclusions:GC/O has a big potential to identify compounds not detectable using untargeted GC/MS approach. This paves the way for further research aimed at improving and validating the performance of this technique so that the identified cancer-associated compounds may be introduced as biomarkers in clinical practice to support early cancer diagnosis.

Determination of Volatiles in Ham by Gas Chromatography with Olfactory Detection

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Dang ◽  
Zhu Liu ◽  
Xianfeng Gao ◽  
Xinchang Gao ◽  
Jinxuan Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Technological Potential ◽  
Simultaneous Distillation Extraction ◽  
Olfactory Detection ◽  
Jinhua Ham ◽  
Flavor Profile

Abstract The aroma-active compounds of Jinhua ham were analyzed after isolation using simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) and solid phase microextraction (SPME). In spite of the remarkable similarity between the dry-cured hams, the technological potential of combinations of both has never been explored before. Results show that 2, 6-dimethyl-pyrazine, hexanal, 2-heptanone, ethyl acetate and 2-pentyl-furan made the predominant contribution to the aroma of Jinhua ham. In fact, 28 volatile compounds were extracted using SDE, with cured, toasted, fatty and fried odors playing important roles in the “boiled ham”. At the same time, 29 volatile compounds with cured, sulfurous alliaceous and spicy herbaceous flavor were the main contributors to the ham odor. Furthermore, the contribution of each aroma-active component to the whole ham flavor profile was evaluated by aroma extract dilution analysis. The 2, 6-dimethyl-pyrazine and 3-(methylthio)-propanal was identified as the most intense aroma-active compounds of Jinhua ham due to their high log2 (FD-factor) and characteristic aroma.

Determination of BTEX in urine samples using cooling/heating-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1829-1838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Tajik ◽  
Abdulrahman Bahrami ◽  
Alireza Ghiasvand ◽  
Farshid Ghorbani Shahna
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction

scholarly journals Comparison and Identification of the Aroma-Active Compounds in the Root of Angelica dahurica

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 4352
Author(s):  
Die Hu ◽  
Junrui Guo ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Mu Zhao ◽  
Tingting Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Aroma Compounds ◽  
Dynamic Headspace ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Dynamic Headspace Sampling

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME), purge and trap (P&T), stir bar sportive extraction (SBSE), and dynamic headspace sampling (DHS) were applied to extract, separate and analyze the volatile compounds in the roots of Hangbaizhi, Qibaizhi, and Bobaizhi and the GC-O-MS/MS (AEDA) was utilized for the quantification of key aroma compounds. Totals of 52, 54, and 43 aroma-active compounds extracted from the three samples by the four extraction methods were identified. Among these methods, the SPME effectively extracted the aroma compounds from the A. dahurica. Thus, using the SPME methods for quantitative analysis based on external standards and subsequent dilution analyses, totals of 20, 21, and 17 aroma compounds were detected in the three samples by the sniffing test, and sensory evaluations indicated that the aromas of A. dahurica included herb, spice, and woody. Finally, principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the three kinds A. dahurica formed three separate groups, and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed that caryophyllene, (−)-β-elemene, nonanal, and β-pinene played an important role in the classification of A. dahurica.

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