Effect of carbon nanotube modification on poly (butylene terephthalate)-based composites

AbstractThe influence of the chemical modification of carbon nanotubes on the mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of poly(butylene terephthalate)-based composites was investigated. Polymer composites based on poly(butylene terephthalate) were obtained via in situ polymerisation or extrusion. Commercially available multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Nanocyl NC7000) at different loadings (mass %: 0.05, 0.25, 1, 2) were used as fillers. The functionalisation process took place under a chlorine atmosphere followed by a reaction with sodium hydroxide. The effect of carbon nanotube modification was analysed according to the changes in the polymer thermal and mechanical properties. An addition of modified carbon nanotubes in the amount of 0.05 mass % improved the mechanical properties of the composites in terms of both Young’s modulus and tensile strength by 5–10 % and 17–30 % compared with composites with unmodified carbon nanotubes and neat poly(butylene terephthalate), respectively. The in situ method of composite preparation was a more effective technique for enhancing the matrix–filler interactions, although a significantly lower amount of fillers were used than in the extrusion method.

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Polyethylene Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes via In Situ Polymerization

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.573-574.1163 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 573-574 ◽

pp. 1163-1166

Author(s):

Shi Yun Li ◽

De Sheng Hu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Storage Modulus ◽

Raman Spectra ◽

In Situ Polymerization ◽

Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽

The Matrix ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The MWNTs/PE nanocomposites are prepared by in situ polymerization with mulltiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) supported Cp2ZrCl2 catalyst and MAO as cocatalyst. The SEM and AFM results show that MWNTs are exfoliated and homogenously dispersed in PE matrix by the in situ polymerization. The up-shifting of the G band in Raman spectra show the strong compressive forces associated with PE chains on the MWNTs. The storage modulus of the MWNTs/PE nanocomposite can be increased by 160% even at low amount of MWNTs (0.2 wt %) due to MWNTs well-dispersed and exfoliated in the matrix. The TGA and DMA tests point to significant improvements on thermal and mechanical properties of the PE/MWNTs nanocomposites compared to pure PE.

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The influence of functionalization time of carbon nanotube on the mechanical properties of the epoxy composites

Journal of Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0021998317701988 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 (12) ◽

pp. 1693-1701 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

EA Zakharychev ◽

EN Razov ◽

Yu D Semchikov ◽

NS Zakharycheva ◽

MA Kabina

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Elastic Modulus ◽

Carbon Nanotube ◽

Composite Materials ◽

Polymer Composites ◽

Epoxy Composites ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes

This paper investigates the structure, length, and percentage of functional groups of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) depending on the time taken for functionalization in HNO3 and H2SO4 mixture. The carbon nanotube content and influence of functionalization time on mechanical properties of polymer composite materials based on epoxy matrix are studied. The extreme dependencies of mechanical properties of carbon nanotube functionalization time of polymer composites were established. The rise in tensile strength of obtained composites reaches 102% and elastic modulus reaches 227% as compared to that of unfilled polymer. The composites exhibited best mechanical properties by including carbon nanotube with 0.5 h functionalization time.

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The Improvement of Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Coating by Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.2063 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 236-238 ◽

pp. 2063-2066

Author(s):

Xian Kai Jiang ◽

Ji You Gu ◽

Yan Hua Zhang

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

In Situ Polymerization ◽

Impact Resistance ◽

Polyurethane Coating ◽

Polyurethane Coatings ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Better Than

Mechanical properties of polyurethane coating were improved by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) via in situ polymerization and blending polymerization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) measurement was employed to assess the influence of acid treatment on MWNTs. Mechanical properties analysis of polyurethane coatings including tensile strength, elastic modulus, hardness, flexibility, impact resistance were employed to assess the improvement of mechanical properties of polyurethane coating by MWNTs. The results indicated that MWNTs could improve the mechanical properties of polyurethane coatings, and the improvement of polyurethane coatings by MWNTs via in situ polymerization were better than via blending polymerization, and the improvement of polyurethane coatings by acid-treated MWNTs were better than by raw MWNTs.

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INFLUENCE OF FUNCTIONALIZED MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES ON FILTERABILITY AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RAYON NANOCOMPOSITE FILAMENTS

JURNAL SELULOSA ◽

10.25269/jsel.v3i01.41 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Holia Onggo ◽

Rike Yudianti ◽

Endang Ruchiat

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Carbon Nanotube ◽

Carbon Nanotube Dispersion ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Nanotube Dispersion ◽

Scanning Electron

Carbon nanotube-rayon composite filaments was fabricated by spinning and coagulation of the mixture of 100mL functionalized carbon nanotube dispersion (containing 0.72 g FCNT) and cellulose xanthate in NaOH solution using viscose process. In the process, CNT was functionalized using mixture of acidic solution ( H2SO4/HNO3, 3:1 v/v). Influence of functionalized (FCNT) and non-functionalized carbon nanotubes (nFCNT) on the fabrication of rayon nanocomposite filament was studied. Physical and morphological properties of the nanocomposite filaments were characterized by single filament tenacity tester, photo micrograph, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Filterability and mechanical properties of FCNT-rayon nanocomposite filament greatly improved by reducing clogging constant from 1689 to 153 and increasing tenacity from 2.72 to 3.01 g/denier and decreasing elongation from 57.1 to 36.5% respectively compared with those of nFCNT-rayon nanocomposite filament.Keywords: functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes, nanocomposite filament, mechanical properties, filterability, dispersion ABSTRAKRayon nanocomposite filaments telah dibuat melalui proses pemilinan (spinning) dan koagulasi (coagulation) dari campuran 100 mL larutan functionalized carbon nanotube dispersion (FCNT=0,72 g), selulosa santat dalam larutan NaOH melalui proses viskosa. CNT di functionalisasi (FCNT) menggunakan campuran larutan asam (H2SO4/HNO3, 3:1 v/v). Pengaruh fungsionalisasi CNT pada pembuatan rayon nanocomposite filaments dipelajari dengan cara membandingkannya dengan CNT tanpa fungsionalisasi (nFCNT). Sifat fisik dan morfologi dari rayon-nanocomposite filaments dikarakterisasi menggunakan tenacity tester, photo micrograph, scanning electron microscope (SEM) dan transmission electron microscope (TEM). Viskosa FCNT memiliki daya saring (Kw) cukup baik yaitu 155, sedangkan viskosa nFCNT memiliki daya saring 1689 (tidak baik). Kekuatan mekanik dari FCNT-rayon nanocomposite filaments berturut turut adalah 3,01 g/denier (tenacity), dan 36,5% (elongation), lebih baik dibandingkan dengan nFCNT-rayon nanocomposite filament: 2,72 g/denier (tenacity) dan 57,1% (elongation).Kata kunci: fungsionalisasi multi-walled carbon nanotubes, rayon-nanocomposite filament, sifat mekanik, daya saring, dispersi

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Effects of multi-walled carbon nanotube functionalization on the morphological and mechanical properties of nanocomposite foams based on poly(vinyl chloride)/(wood flour)/ (multi-walled carbon nanotubes)

Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology ◽

10.1002/vnl.20299 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 161-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

I. Ghasemi ◽

A.T. Farsheh ◽

Z. Masoomi

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Carbon Nanotube ◽

Vinyl Chloride ◽

Wood Flour ◽

Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽

Nanocomposite Foams ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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Preparation and Properties of Polyimide/MWNTs-COOH Antistatic Composites

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.893.241 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 893 ◽

pp. 241-244

Author(s):

Yong Hui Lv ◽

Bao Xiang Deng

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Thermal Stability ◽

Acid Treatment ◽

In Situ Polymerization ◽

Composite Films ◽

Good Thermal Stability ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The acidified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs-COOH) was obtained by nitric acid treatment on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs).The PI/MWNTs-COOH composite films were synthesized by in situ polymerization. The thermal stability, resistance and mechanical properties of PI/MWNTs-COOH composite were evaluated. The results showed that: the composites maintained a good thermal stability with the addition of the MWNTs-COOH; the resistance of the composite film dropped at first, and rose up later. While the tensile strength increased at first and then decreased. In conclusion, the PI/MWNTs-COOH composite films exhibited better thermal, antistatic and mechanical properties compared with neat PI.

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The Microstructure, Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of CNTs/Mullite Ceramics Composites

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.313.145 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 313 ◽

pp. 145-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jing Wang ◽

Hua Min Kou ◽

Yu Bai Pan ◽

Jing Kun Guo

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Fracture Toughness ◽

Carbon Nanotube ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Composite Powders ◽

The Matrix ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Mullite Ceramics ◽

Dissipative Factor

Carbon nanotube-mullite (Al2O3/SiO2=3/2) composites have been prepared by hot-pressing the corresponding composite powders, in which the multi-walled carbon nanotubes(1~10 vol%) are homogeneously dispersed between the mullite grains. The microstructure of the specimens has been studied and discussed in relation to the properties of the matrix, the bending strength and the fracture toughness, the dielectric constant and the dissipative factor. Carbon nanotube-mullite composites are potential electromagnetic wave absorbers owing to the percolation of the carbon nanotubes.

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Effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with different diameters on morphology and thermal and mechanical properties of flexible polyurethane foams

Cellular Polymers ◽

10.1177/02624893211017284 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 026248932110172

Author(s):

Fukai Yang ◽

Miao Xie ◽

Zhang Yudi ◽

Xinyu Xu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

In Situ Polymerization ◽

Loss Modulus ◽

Polyurethane Foams ◽

The Matrix ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Different Diameters ◽

Flexible Polyurethane ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes

We report flexible polyurethane foams (PUFs) containing –OH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with different diameters (10–20 nm, 20–30 nm, >50 nm) from 0.1–0.6 wt% (per 100 resins of polyol by weight) prepared via in situ polymerization. After synthesis, the morphology of the MWCNT/PUF composites was observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) based on MWCNT amount. The MWCNTs acted as nucleating agents and increased the matrix viscosity. The pore size of the composites decreased and the number of pores increased with increasing MWCNT concentration. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed that the storage modulus of the composites increased, the loss modulus decreased, and the Tg gradually decreased with increasing MWCNT content. The incorporation of MWCNTs induced remarkable thermal stabilization of the matrix. The increase in the degradation temperature from 294°C to 304°C resulted in a 50% weight loss. The mechanical properties of the MWCNT/PUF materials increased with increasing MWCNT proportion because of the excellent compatibility and strong interface interaction between the MWCNT and flexible PUF.

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Mechanical properties and interfacial phenomena in aluminum reinforced with carbon nanotubes manufactured by the sandwich technique

Journal of Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0021998316658784 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 51 (11) ◽

pp. 1619-1629 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Cesar A Isaza M ◽

JE Ledezma Sillas ◽

JM Meza ◽

JM Herrera Ramírez

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Metallic Matrix ◽

Sandwich Technique ◽

Open Questions ◽

The Matrix ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Matrix Reinforcement ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Recently, a new manufacturing process for the production of metallic matrix composite materials reinforced with carbon nanotubes, known as sandwich technique has been proposed. This technique produces a material comprised of a metallic matrix and a banded structures-layers of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. However, among other issues, the matrix-reinforcement interface and the reinforcement dispersion degree are still open questions. The present study uses field emission scanning electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy to probe that the method is capable to achieve a good dispersion of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes with no evidence of carbon nanotubes’ damage. The mechanical properties were measured by tensile and nanoindentation tests; improvements in the elastic modulus, yield and ultimate strengths were found, with respect to the unreinforced material.

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