scholarly journals How to take advantage of tablet computers: Effects of news structure on recall and comprehension

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Van Cauwenberge ◽  
Leen d’Haenens ◽  
Hans Beentjes
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Tablet Computers ◽  
Tracking Method ◽  
News Stories ◽  
News Consumption ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control ◽  
Factual Recall

AbstractIn light of the growing use of tablets for news reading and mobile news consumption behaviors, this study examined whether an innovative way of structuring news on the tablet that mimics mobile news behaviors reinforced attention for, and learning from, news. Specifically, it was theorized that the chronological and associative structuring of news articles into so-called developing news stories would lead to more attention for news, and better recall and comprehension of news, than the linear print newspaper structure that newspaper publishers continue to copy from print to tablet. A multiple-day experiment was set up using the eye-tracking method to measure and control for attention. The results show that the developing news structure increased comprehension of news substantively, independently of attention effects; no effects were found on attention and factual recall.

Pittenweem Priory and the conventuality question

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Lodge
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Traditional View ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
New Mother ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control

Pittenweem Priory began life as the caput manor of a daughter-house established on May Island by Cluniac monks from Reading (c. 1140). After its sale to St Andrews (c. 1280), the priory transferred ashore. While retaining its traditional name, the ‘Priory of May (alias Pittenweem)’ was subsumed within the Augustinian priory of St Andrews. Its prior was elected from among the canons of the new mother house, but it was many decades before a resident community of canons was set up in Pittenweem. The traditional view, based principally on the ‘non-conventual’ status of the priory reiterated in fifteenth-century documents, is that there was ‘no resident community’ before the priorship of Andrew Forman (1495–1515). Archaeological evidence in Pittenweem, however, indicates that James Kennedy had embarked on significant development of the priory fifty years earlier. This suggests that, when the term ‘non-conventual’ is used in documents emanating from Kennedy's successors (Graham and Scheves), we should interpret it more as an assertion of superiority and control than as a description of realities in the priory.

scholarly journals The impact of translation modality on user experience: an eye-tracking study of the Microsoft Word user interface

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Guerberof Arenas ◽  
Joss Moorkens ◽  
Sharon O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Task Completion ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Microsoft Word ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given

AbstractThis paper presents results of the effect of different translation modalities on users when working with the Microsoft Word user interface. An experimental study was set up with 84 Japanese, German, Spanish, and English native speakers working with Microsoft Word in three modalities: the published translated version, a machine translated (MT) version (with unedited MT strings incorporated into the MS Word interface) and the published English version. An eye-tracker measured the cognitive load and usability according to the ISO/TR 16982 guidelines: i.e., effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction followed by retrospective think-aloud protocol. The results show that the users’ effectiveness (number of tasks completed) does not significantly differ due to the translation modality. However, their efficiency (time for task completion) and self-reported satisfaction are significantly higher when working with the released product as opposed to the unedited MT version, especially when participants are less experienced. The eye-tracking results show that users experience a higher cognitive load when working with MT and with the human-translated versions as opposed to the English original. The results suggest that language and translation modality play a significant role in the usability of software products whether users complete the given tasks or not and even if they are unaware that MT was used to translate the interface.

scholarly journals Infection Prevention Considerations for a Multi-Mission Convention Center Field Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Jones ◽  
Zishan K. Siddiqui ◽  
Charles Callahan ◽  
Surbhi Leekha ◽  
Sharon Smyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Field Hospital ◽  
First Case ◽  
Convention Center ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control

Abstract The state of Maryland identified its first case of COVID-19 on March 5, 2020. The Baltimore Convention Center (BCCFH) quickly became a selected location to set up a 250-bed inpatient Field Hospital and Alternate Care Site. In contrast to other field hospitals throughout the United States, the BCCFH remained open throughout the pandemic and took on additional COVID-19 missions, including community SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing, monoclonal antibody infusions for COVID-19 outpatients, and community COVID-19 vaccinations. At the time of publication, the BCCFH had cared for 1,478 COVID-19 inpatients, performed 108,155 COVID-19 tests, infused 2,166 COVID-19 patients, and administered 115,169 doses of COVID-19 vaccine. To prevent the spread of pathogens during operations, infection prevention and control guidelines were essential to ensure the safety of staff and patients. Through multi-agency collaboration, utilization of infection prevention best practices, and answering what we describe as “PPE-ESP”, an operational framework was established to reduce infection risks for those providing or receiving care at the BCCFH during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Real time surveillance of COVID-19 space and time clusters during the summer 2020 in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás Rosillo ◽  
Javier Del-Águila-Mejía ◽  
Ayelén Rojas-Benedicto ◽  
María Guerrero-Vadillo ◽  
Marina Peñuelas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Scan Statistic ◽  
Cluster Aggregation ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Spatial Trends ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control ◽  
Time Scan

Abstract Background On June 21st de-escalation measures and state-of-alarm ended in Spain after the COVID-19 first wave. New surveillance and control strategy was set up to detect emerging outbreaks. Aim To detect and describe the evolution of COVID-19 clusters and cases during the 2020 summer in Spain. Methods A near-real time surveillance system to detect active clusters of COVID-19 was developed based on Kulldorf’s prospective space-time scan statistic (STSS) to detect daily emerging active clusters. Results Analyses were performed daily during the summer 2020 (June 21st – August 31st) in Spain, showing an increase of active clusters and municipalities affected. Spread happened in the study period from a few, low-cases, regional-located clusters in June to a nationwide distribution of bigger clusters encompassing a higher average number of municipalities and total cases by end-August. Conclusion STSS-based surveillance of COVID-19 can be of utility in a low-incidence scenario to help tackle emerging outbreaks that could potentially drive a widespread transmission. If that happens, spatial trends and disease distribution can be followed with this method. Finally, cluster aggregation in space and time, as observed in our results, could suggest the occurrence of community transmission.

scholarly journals Development of an Exercise Training Protocol to Investigate Arteriogenesis in a Murine Model of Peripheral Artery Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 3956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayko Bresler ◽  
Johanna Vogel ◽  
Daniel Niederer ◽  
Daphne Gray ◽  
Thomas Schmitz-Rixen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Artery Disease ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Running Wheel ◽  
Limb Perfusion ◽  
Collateral Growth ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Control

Exercise is a treatment option in peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients to improve their clinical trajectory, at least in part induced by collateral growth. The ligation of the femoral artery (FAL) in mice is an established model to induce arteriogenesis. We intended to develop an animal model to stimulate collateral growth in mice through exercise. The training intensity assessment consisted of comparing two different training regimens in C57BL/6 mice, a treadmill implementing forced exercise and a free-to-access voluntary running wheel. The mice in the latter group covered a much greater distance than the former pre- and postoperatively. C57BL/6 mice and hypercholesterolemic ApoE-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice were subjected to FAL and had either access to a running wheel or were kept in motion-restricting cages (control) and hind limb perfusion was measured pre- and postoperatively at various times. Perfusion recovery in C57BL/6 mice was similar between the groups. In contrast, ApoE−/− mice showed significant differences between training and control 7 d postoperatively with a significant increase in pericollateral macrophages while the collateral diameter did not differ between training and control groups 21 d after surgery. ApoE−/− mice with running wheel training is a suitable model to simulate exercise induced collateral growth in PAD. This experimental set-up may provide a model for investigating molecular training effects.

NEURAL MODELING AND CONTROL OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS WITH HYSTERESIS

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-141
Author(s):  
Yonghong Tan ◽  
Xinlong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Neural Modeling ◽  
Modeling And Control ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
The Neural Networks ◽  
Adaptive Control Strategy ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Modeling Strategy ◽  
And Control

A hysteretic operator is proposed to set up an expanded input space so as to transform the multi-valued mapping of hysteresis to a one-to-one mapping so that the neural networks can be applied to model of the behavior of hysteresis. Based on the proposed neural modeling strategy for hysteresis, a pseudo control scheme is developed to handle the control of nonlinear dynamic systems with hysteresis. A neural estimator is constructed to predict the system residual so that it avoids constructing the inverse model of hysteresis. Thus, the control strategy can be used for the case where the output of hysteresis is unmeasurable directly. Then, the corresponding adaptive control strategy is presented. The application of the novel modeling approach to hysteresis in a piezoelectric actuator is illustrated. Then a numerical example of using the proposed control strategy for a nonlinear system with hysteresis is presented.

Comparative studies of the set up of two-dimensional pneumatic arm systems by muscle and rotational actuators

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (5) ◽  
pp. 743-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y-T Wang ◽  
R-H Wong ◽  
J-T Lu
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Pneumatic Control ◽  
Learning Mechanism ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control ◽  
Self Learning ◽  
System Characteristics

As opposed to traditional pneumatic linear actuators, muscle and rotational actuators are newly developed actuators in rotational and specified applications. In the current paper, these actuators are used to set up two-dimensional pneumatic arms, which are used mainly to simulate the excavator's motion. Fuzzy control algorithms are typically applied in pneumatic control systems owing to their non-linearities and ill-defined mathematical model. The self-organizing fuzzy controller, which includes a self-learning mechanism to modify fuzzy rules, is applied in these two-dimensional pneumatic arm control systems. Via a variety of trajectory tracking experiments, the present paper provides comparisons of system characteristics and control performances.

News as Entertainment Format

2021 ◽  
pp. 515-536
Author(s):  
Melissa J. Robinson ◽  
Silvia Knobloch-Westerwick
Keyword(s):  
Mass Communication ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Disposition Theory ◽  
News Consumption ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
Affective Disposition Theory ◽  
News Event

The informative value of news has often been the focus of mass communication research, but individuals do tune into the news for entertainment purposes. In addition, news organizations frequently add entertainment elements into news stories to increase audience interest. Considering both of these factors, theorizing about the entertainment processes (e.g., appreciation, enjoyment, and suspense) that occur during news consumption is necessary to understand audience behavior. This chapter investigates factors that influence entertainment processes during news consumption. Two entertainment theories in particular (affective disposition theory and the affective news extended model) are reviewed to understand how affective responses influence enjoyment of news. It organizes existing research on affective responses and entertainment processes into two categories focusing on news event characteristics (i.e., elements that journalists cannot change) and message design principles that journalists create or edit. Areas for future research are provided.

Artificial Neural Networks Used As a Rule Selector for Fuzzy Logic Controllers

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shou-Heng Huang ◽  
Ron M. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Controller ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Delta Rule ◽  
Rule Sets ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control

Abstract A feedforward, three-layer, partially-connected artificial neural network (ANN) is proposed to be used as a rule selector for a rule-based fuzzy logic controller. This will allow the controller to adapt to various control modes and operating conditions for different plants. A principal advantage of an ANN over a look up table is that the ANN can make good estimates to fill in for missing data. The control modes, operating conditions, and control rule sets are encoded into binary numbers as the inputs and outputs for the ANN. The General Delta Rule is used in the backpropagation learning process to update the ANN weights. The proposed ANN has a simple topological structure and results in a simple analysis and relatively easy implementation. The average square error and the maximal absolute error are used to judge if the correct connections between neurons are set up. Computer simulations are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of this ANN as a rule selector.

A Real-Time Eye Tracking Method for Detecting Optokinetic Nystagmus

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
Mohammad Norouzifard ◽  
Joanna Black ◽  
Benjamin Thompson ◽  
Reinhard Klette ◽  
Jason Turuwhenua
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Optokinetic Nystagmus ◽  
Tracking Method
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