Herbal approach for the management of C0VID-19: an overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Fatima ◽  
Nafis Haider ◽  
Md Anzar Alam ◽  
Mohd Abdul Gani ◽  
Rafeeque Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba ◽  
Cordia Myxa ◽  
Clinical Continuum

AbstractCOVID-19 is the most recently discovered coronavirus infectious disease and leads to pandemic all over the world. The clinical continuum of COVID-19 varies from mild illness with non-specific signs and symptoms of acute respiratory disease to extreme respiratory pneumonia and septic shock. It can transmit from animal to human in the form of touch, through the air, water, utensils, fomite and feco-oral route blood. The pathogenesis and clinical features of COVID-19 be the same as the clinical manifestation associated epidemic Fever. In Unani medicine, various herbal drugs are described under the caption of epidemic disease. Great Unani scholar also Avicenna (980–1037 AD) recommended that during epidemic condition movement should be restricted, self-isolation, fumigation around the habitant with perfumed herbs (Ood, Kafoor, Sumbuluttib, Saad Kofi, Loban, etc.), and use of appropriate antidotes (Tiryaqe Wabai) and vinegar (Sirka) as prophylaxis. Herbal approach is based on single (Unnab—Ziziphus jujuba, Sapistan—Cordia myxa, Bahidana—Cydonia oblonga, Khatmi—Althea officinalis, Khubazi—Malva sylvestris, Zafran—Crocus sativus, Sibr—Aloe barbedensis, Murmuki—Commiphora myrrha, Darchini—Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Qaranfal—Syzygium aromaticum, Rihan—Oscimum sanctum, Habtus Sauda—Nigella sativa, Aslus Sus—Glycyrrhiza glabra, Maghze Amaltas—Cassia fistula and Adusa—Adhatoda vasica) and compound drugs (Habbe Bukhar, Sharbat Khaksi, Sharbat Zanjabeel, Naqu Nazla, Majoon Chobchini, Jawrish Jalinus and Khamira Marvareed) most of them are claimed for anti-viral, anti-pyretic, blood purifier, cardioprotective and expectorant activities. Traditionally most of the herbal practitioners are using it.

scholarly journals Immune boosting and anti-influenza effects of an Unani decoction in influenza like illness and COVID-19 like epidemics: a rationale approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4544
Author(s):  
Athar P. Ansari ◽  
Zaheer Ahmed N. ◽  
Shameem A. Rather ◽  
Towseef A. Rafeeqi ◽  
Bharat Saleem Beigh
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Cydonia Oblonga ◽  
Influenza Like Illness ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
The World ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba ◽  
Cordia Myxa ◽  
Near Future

The Unani system of medicine is one of the traditional systems of medicine practised since centuries in many parts of the world including India. At a time when the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still raging across the globe and there is still no appreciable satisfactory management available with vaccination being the only panacea in the near future, unani medicine chiefly composed of herbal drugs is replete with many classical references for the management of influenza like illness and COVID-19 like epidemics. In Unani medicine, nazla-i-wabāi is referred as influenza for which a decoction containing Behidana (Cydonia oblonga), Unnab (Ziziphus jujuba) and Sapistan (Cordia myxa) are recommended to relieve the clinical features of nazla-i-wabāi and other COVID-19 like epidemics. All the three ingredients of this formulation are also individually used for the treatment of sore throat, cough, septicaemia, fever, dyspnoea, pharyngitis, chest pain etc. Certain scientific studies have validated various pharmacological actions of these drugs as claimed by unani physicians. A concerted rational approach has been attempted to highlight the effect of the unani decoction as to its immune boosting property both as prophylactic and therapeutic use in the treatment of influenza like illness and COVID-19 like epidemics in the light of ancient Unani classics and recent scientific studies.

scholarly journals Understanding COVID-19 in the light of epidemic disease described in Unani medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Anzar Alam ◽  
Mohd Aleemuddin Quamri ◽  
Ghulamuddin Sofi ◽  
Umme Ayman ◽  
Shabnam Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
High Grade Fever ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractUnani system of medicine is based on the humoral theory postulated by Hippocrates, according to him the state of body health and disease are regulated by qualitative and quantitative equilibrium of four humours. Amraz-e-Waba is an umbrella term which is used in Unani medicine for all types of epidemics (smallpox, measles, plague, Hameer Saifi, influenza, Nipaha, Ebola, Zika, and 2019 novel coronavirus, etc.) mostly fatal in nature. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a severe acute respiratory infection, and the pathogenesis and clinical features resemble with those of Nazla-e-Wabaiya (influenza) and Zatul Riya (pneumonia) which were well described many years ago in Unani text such as high-grade fever, headache, nausea and vomiting, running nose, dry cough, respiratory distress, alternate and small pulse, asthenia, foul smell from breath, insomnia, frothy stool, syncope, coldness in both upper and lower extremities, etc. The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a global emergency pandemic. Unani scholars like Hippocrates (370–460 BC), Galen (130–200 AD), Rhazes (865–925 AD), and Avicenna (980–1037 AD) had described four etiological factors for Amraz-e-Waba viz., change in quality of air, water, Earth, and celestial bodies, accordingly mentioned various preventive measures to be adopted during epidemics such as restriction of movement, isolation or “quarantena”, and fumigation with loban (Styrax benzoin W. G. Craib ex Hartwich.), sandalwood (Santalum album L.), Zafran (Crocus sativus L.), myrtle (Myrtus communis L.), and roses (Rosa damascena Mill.) and use of vinegar (sirka) and antidotes (Tiryaq) as prophylaxis, and avoiding consumption of milk, oil, sweet, meat, and alcohol. This review focuses and elaborates on the concept, prevention, and probable management of COVID-19 in the light of Amraz-e-Waba.

Persian herbal medicine in functional dyspepsia: a systematic review article.

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Azimi ◽  
Mohammad Javad Zahedi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Asparagus Racemosus ◽  
Gastric Accommodation ◽  
Cynara Scolymus

Introduction: According to Rome IV, functional dyspepsia is diagnosed with presence of dyspepsia in the absence of organic or metabolic causes. FD caused by several factors such as impaired gastric accommodation and hypersensitivity to gastric distention. Several studies have reported effectiveness of herbal medicine on FD. This article, thus, reviews Persian herbal medicine in FD. Method: Electronic databases including Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrain, Embase, Web of science and Ovid were searched so as to find clinical articles related to dyspepsia and herbal medicine by July 2019. Our search strategies were traditional medicine, complementary and alternative medicine, herb, plant, and dyspepsia. We excluded all articles except Persian clinical trials. Results: We found 34 clinical trials with 15 herbs and 4 compound herbal remedies like Asparagus racemosus, Brassica oleracea, Cynara scolymus, Ocimum basilicum, Mentha longifolia, Mentha pulegium, Mentha piperata, Pimpinella anisum, Nigella sativa, Mastic gum, Curcuma longa, Pistatio atlantica, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Solanum tuberosum and Zingiber officinale and compound remedies of Rosa damascene & Crocus sativus, Trachyspermum copticom & Apium graveolence, Carum carvi & Mentha pipperata, Gingiber officinalis & Cynara scolymus are effective in functional dyspepsia. Conclusion: Many people use herbal and traditional remedies for treatment of disorders such as gastrointestinal disordersو , especially in Asian countries. Several studies reported the efficacy of herbal medicine in functional dyspepsia. Although their mechanisms are not fully understood, it seems they can modulate GI motility and improve symptoms of FD.

scholarly journals A qualitative and quantitative comparison of Crocus sativus and Nigella sativa immunomodulatory effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 111774
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Khazdair ◽  
Zahra Gholamnezhad ◽  
Ramin Rezaee ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
Keyword(s):  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Understanding Humma-e-Wabai (epidemic fever) and Amraz-e-Wabai (epidemic disease) in the light of Unani medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Anzar Alam ◽  
Mohd Aleemuddin Quamri ◽  
Umme Ayman ◽  
Ghulamuddin Sofi ◽  
Bangalore Nagaraj Renuka
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Cinnamomum Camphora ◽  
Myrtus Communis ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Ibn Rushd ◽  
Celestial Bodies

Abstract The pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of Humma-e-Wabai were described several years ago in the Unani System of Medicine close to the clinical manifestation associated with epidemic or pandemic situations. In the Unani System of Medicine, Humma-e-Wabai described under the legend of epidemic disease (Amraz-e-Wabai). Amraz-e-Wabai is an umbrella term which is applied for all types of epidemic or pandemic situation. Renowned Unani Scientists like; Zakariya Rhazi (865–925 AD), Ali Ibn Abbas Majusi (930–994 AD), Ibn Sina (980–1037 AD), Ismail Jorjani (1,042–1,137 AD), Ibn Rushd etc., explained that Humma-e-Waba is an extremely rigorous, lethal fever, that is caused due to morbid air (fasid hawa) and it frequently spreads among the larger population in the society. There are four etiological factors responsible for Amraz-e-Wabai viz; change in the quality of air, water, earth, and celestial bodies, which was described by Ibn Sina in Canon of Medicine. He also advised that movements should be limited during epidemic situations. Shelters should be fumigated with loban (Styrax benzoin W. G. Craib ex Hartwich.), Kafoor (Cinnamomum camphora L.), Oodkham (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.), Hing (Ferula foetida L.), myrtle (Myrtus communis L.), and sandalwood (Santalum album L.), etc. The use of vinegar (sirka) and rose water (arque gulab) has been advocated to prevent the infection by spray. Avoid consumption of flesh, oil, milk, sweets, alcohol. Food prepared with vinegar. Specific antidotes (e.g. Tiryaq-e-Wabai, Tiryaq-e-Farooque), should be used as prophylaxis. This review attempts to explain the concept, prevention, and management of epidemic or pandemic situations.

Short Oral Antibiotic Treatment of Osteomyelitis Questioned

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-18
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Oral Therapy ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Oral Antibiotic ◽  
Cortical Destruction

Dr. Rothman of Haverhill, MA questioned the short duration of antimicrobial treatment and use of oral route for the patient with osteomyelitis presented by Bennett in PIR 1:153, November 1979. He noted that the traditional regimen for osteomyelitis calls for six weeks of intravenous antimicrobial therapy. Dr. Bennett quotes from Telzlaff et al (J Pediatr 92:485, 1978). In this report good results were found when antimicrobial regimens for patients with osteomyelitis and suppurative arthritis consisted of a brief initial period of parenteral therapy of only one to seven days followed by oral antimicrobial therapy begun when there was a definitive decrease in clinical signs of inflammation and continued for three weeks or longer. It is important to note that surgical drainage of pus was carried out, that antimicrobial blood levels were obtained after initiation of oral therapy to ensure adequate levels, that therapy was continued until all signs and symptoms had subsided, that there was no evidence of cortical destruction or sequestrum formation on roentgenogram, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was less than 20 mg/hr. When these conditions are met it is clear that oral therapy can be an adequate substitute for prolonged intravenous therapy for osteomyelitis in children.

TIRYAQ-I-AFAYEE (A POLYHERBAL FORMULATION) OF UNANI MEDICINE USED IN THE PREVENTION OF WABĀI AMRĀD (EPIDEMIC/ PANDEMIC DISEASES) – AN APPRAISAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Athar Parvez Ansari ◽  
Mohammad Arif ◽  
Abdul Raheem ◽  
Arsheed Iqbal ◽  
Firdaus Kausar
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Polyherbal Formulation ◽  
Saffron Extract ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Epidemic Diseases

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Tiryaq-i-Afayee, a polyherbal formulation of Unani medicine used in the prevention and treatment of various wabāi amrād (epidemic/ pandemic diseases) since olden days. This review study has been carried out to explore the therapeutic efficacy of this formulation in the light of scientific studies. MATERIALS & METHODS: A total of 74 literature comprising classical Unani texts from the period of 9th – 20th century AD, and published research articles in various reputed journals from 1999 – 2020 AD were reviewed regarding immunomodulatory, antiviral, antiinfluenza, antioxidant, antitussive, antimicrobial effects of Tiryaq-iAfayee, as a whole preparation and its individual ingredients. RESULTS:Tiryaq-i-Afayee contains Sibr Zard (Aloe vera) (2 parts), Murr Makki (Commiphora myrrha) (1 part) and Zafran (Crocus sativus) (1 part). It is prepared in the form of pill, and 2 g is used in alternate day for prevention and management of epidemic diseases. All the three ingredients of this compound formulation belong to plants and individually used for various medicinal purposes. DISCUSSION: A study revealed that Tiryaq-i-Afayee possesses significant immunomodulatory effect in a small group of immuno compromised persons. An ethanol extract of Aloe vera exhibited antiinfluenza effect against influenza A virus due to presence of aloe-emodine (anthraquinone glycoside). Certain studies have reported that Commiphora myrrha possesses significant antioxidant and antimicrobial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Another study has revealed that Saffron extract exhibited promising antiviral activity due to presence of crocin and picrocrocin. CONCLUSION: The aforementioned classical and modern conventional materials have given plentiful information regarding use of Tiryaq-i-Afayee in the prevention of epidemic/ pandemic diseases.

scholarly journals Investigation of the effects of six medicinal plants with antiviral effects against COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harun ALP ◽  
Hasan ASİL ◽  
Demet Duman
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
The World

Abstract Today, the coronavirus epidemic, which caused the death of 79 million cases and 1743 thousand people in 218 countries around the world, continues to increase its impact all over the world. Researchers are still trying to develop an effective solution against covid-19, including vaccines and drugs. However, there are few studies that determine the effect of natural products obtained from plants on covid-19. Medicinal and aromatic plants have been used for therapeutic purposes since the existence of humanity. In this study, the effects of some important medicinal plants including Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), Saffron (Crocus sativus L.), Nigella (Nigella sativa L.), Laurel (Lauris nobilis), Karabaş (Lavandula stoechas), and Zahter (Thymbra spicata L. var. Spicata) against Covid-19 were investigated in vitro conditions. The six plants were evaluated for cytotoxic effect on Vero cells and determining inhibition of viral replication in Vero-E6 cells at concentrations of broad-spectrum antiviral non-cytotoxic against Covid-19 in cell culture and an additional antiviral effect against Covid-19. According to the results, the five examined plants (Saffron, Nigella, Laurel, Karabaş, Zahter) were ineffective against Covid-19 in vitro conditions. Interisingly, the water extract obtained from the root of the licorice plant (Glycyrrhiza glabra) inhibited Covid-19 in vitro conditions in the 2nd dilution (1: 4) following the initial concentration in Vero-E6 cells.

scholarly journals Nutritional Deficiencies Associated to Bariatric Surgery

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Zetu ◽  
Rubin Munteanu ◽  
Raluca Parasca ◽  
Constantin Ionescu-Tîrgovişte
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
Surgical Options ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins

Abstract Obesity is an epidemic disease, increasingly addressed through surgical options for weight loss. Benefits of these surgical procedures, such as weight loss and improvement of obesity-related co-morbidities, are well established. However, postoperative complications do occur. Deficiencies in micronutrients, which include water and fat-soluble vitamins and minerals, are common after bariatric surgery. Recognition of the clinical signs and symptoms of micronutrient deficiencies is important to minimize long-term adverse effects.

scholarly journals Unani perspective on COVID-19 and the possible role of Tiryaq Wabai in its management: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 158-173
Author(s):  
Mohd Aleem ◽  
Md Imran Khan ◽  
Mohd Danish ◽  
Qamrul Islam Usmani ◽  
Altaf Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Aloe Barbadensis ◽  
Preventative Medicine ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Prophylactic Use ◽  
New Phase

Science has uncovered much about SARS-CoV-2 and made extraordinary and unprecedented progress on the development of COVID-19 vaccines, but there is still great uncertainty as the pandemic continues to evolve. We are simply moving to a new phase of the pandemic. Tiryaq Wabai, is on the polyherbal medicine used for centuries by Unani doctors as preventative medicine in epidemics. It consists of three ingredients: Sibr (Aloe barbadensis), Zafran (Crocus sativus), and Mur-Makki (Commiphora myrrh). All the three ingredients of Tiryaq Wabai have various pharmacological activities like immunomodulatory, antitussive, expectorant, and antiviral activity which provide a strong basis for its prophylactic use for covid-19 infection. Further, research on this important prophylactic Unani formulation Tiryaq Wabai in Covid-19 is the need of the hour. Keywords: Tiryaq; Epidemic; Covid-19; Unani medicine

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