scholarly journals Unani perspective on COVID-19 and the possible role of Tiryaq Wabai in its management: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 158-173
Author(s):  
Mohd Aleem ◽  
Md Imran Khan ◽  
Mohd Danish ◽  
Qamrul Islam Usmani ◽  
Altaf Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Aloe Barbadensis ◽  
Preventative Medicine ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Prophylactic Use ◽  
New Phase

Science has uncovered much about SARS-CoV-2 and made extraordinary and unprecedented progress on the development of COVID-19 vaccines, but there is still great uncertainty as the pandemic continues to evolve. We are simply moving to a new phase of the pandemic. Tiryaq Wabai, is on the polyherbal medicine used for centuries by Unani doctors as preventative medicine in epidemics. It consists of three ingredients: Sibr (Aloe barbadensis), Zafran (Crocus sativus), and Mur-Makki (Commiphora myrrh). All the three ingredients of Tiryaq Wabai have various pharmacological activities like immunomodulatory, antitussive, expectorant, and antiviral activity which provide a strong basis for its prophylactic use for covid-19 infection. Further, research on this important prophylactic Unani formulation Tiryaq Wabai in Covid-19 is the need of the hour. Keywords: Tiryaq; Epidemic; Covid-19; Unani medicine

Anti-toxicant Properties of Saffron and Relevance to Protection from Toxins and Drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-283
Author(s):  
Kyriaki Hatziagapiou ◽  
George I. Lambrou
Keyword(s):  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Nitrogen Species ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Crocus Sativus L

Background: Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, which are collectively called reactive oxygen nitrogen species, are inevitable by-products of cellular metabolic redox reactions, such as oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, phagocytosis, reactions of biotransformation of exogenous and endogenous substrata in endoplasmic reticulum, eicosanoid synthesis, and redox reactions in the presence of metal with variable valence. Among medicinal plants there is a growing interest in Crocus sativus L. It is a perennial, stemless herb, belonging to Iridaceae family, cultivated in various countries such as Greece, Italy, Spain, Israel, Morocco, Turkey, Iran, India, China, Egypt and Mexico. Objective: The present study aims to address the anti-toxicant role of Crocus sativus L. in the cases of toxin and drug toxification. Materials and Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted by the two authors from 1993 to August 2017. Original articles and systematic reviews (with or without meta-analysis), as well as case reports were selected. Titles and abstracts of papers were screened by a third reviewer to determine whether they met the eligibility criteria, and full texts of the selected articles were retrieved. Results: The authors focused on literature concerning the role of Crocus Sativus L. as an anti-toxicant agent. Literature review showed that Saffron is a potent anti-toxicant agent with a plethora of applications ranging from anti-oxidant properties, to chemotherapy protective effects. Conclusion: Literature findings represented in current review herald promising results for using Crocus Sativus L. and/or its active constituents as anti-toxicant, chemotherapy-induced protection and toxin protection.

Therapeutic role of vegetables in Respiratory Diseases – A critical review from Ayurvedic classics.

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Raghavendra Naik ◽  
Shweta Vekariya ◽  
R. N. Acharya ◽  
Sneha D. Borkar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
The Family

The concept of Pathya (wholesome diet) is an unique contribution of Ayurveda, which plays an important role in prevention and management of many diseases. “Shakavarga”, a category under dietetics in classical texts of Ayurveda enlisted different vegetables with their properties and indications in different disease conditions. These vegetables can be prescribed as Pathya (wholesome diet) in clinical practice. In the present review, plants described under Shakavarga, indicated as Pathya in different diseases related to Pranavaha Srotas (Respiratory system) were compiled from 15 different Ayurvedic classical texts. Critical analysis of the compiled data reveals that out of 332 vegetables described under Shakavarga, 44 are indicated in respiratory disease like Shvasa (Dyspnoea/Asthma), Kasa (Cough), Peenasa (Chronic rhinitis) and Hikka (Hiccup). Among them, botanical identity of 42 classical plants has been established and maximum number of vegetables belongs to the family cucurbitaceae (10) followed by solanaceae (4). Some of these vegetables have been reported for their various pharmacological activities related to prevention and management of diseases related to Pranavaha Srotas (Respiratory system). These vegetables are reported for their anti-inflammatory (16), antioxidant (14), anti-allergic (6) and antitussive (3) activities. The observed result may be helpful in use of vegetables as Pathya (wholesome diet) and planning further scientific studies about the efficacy of these plants on prevention as well as management of respiratory diseases.

scholarly journals Importance of Apolipoprotein A-I and A-II Composition in HDL and Its Potential for Studying COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2

Medicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Kyung-Hyun Cho
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
High Density ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Potent Antiviral Activity ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Putative Role

The composition and properties of apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and apoA-II in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) might be critical to SARS-CoV-2 infection via SR-BI and antiviral activity against COVID-19. HDL containing native apoA-I showed potent antiviral activity, while HDL containing glycated apoA-I or other apolipoproteins did not. However, there has been no report to elucidate the putative role of apoA-II in the antiviral activity of HDL.

scholarly journals Possible role of tocopherols in the modulation of host microRNA with potential antiviral activity in patients with hepatitis B virus-related persistent infection: a systematic review

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 1751-1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fiorino ◽  
L. Bacchi-Reggiani ◽  
S. Sabbatani ◽  
F. Grizzi ◽  
L. di Tommaso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Viral Pathogen ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection represents a serious global health problem and persistent HBV infection is associated with an increased risk of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure. Recently, the study of the role of microRNA (miRNA) in the pathogenesis of HBV has gained considerable interest as well as new treatments against this pathogen have been approved. A few studies have investigated the antiviral activity of vitamin E (VE) in chronic HBV carriers. Herein, we review the possible role of tocopherols in the modulation of host miRNA with potential anti-HBV activity. A systematic research of the scientific literature was performed by searching the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and EMBASE databases. The keywords used were ‘HBV therapy’, ‘HBV treatment’, ‘VE antiviral effects’, ‘tocopherol antiviral activity’, ‘miRNA antiviral activity’ and ‘VE microRNA’. Reports describing the role of miRNA in the regulation of HBV life cycle,in vitroandin vivoavailable studies reporting the effects of VE on miRNA expression profiles and epigenetic networks, and clinical trials reporting the use of VE in patients with HBV-related chronic hepatitis were identified and examined. Based on the clinical results obtained in VE-treated chronic HBV carriers, we provide a reliable hypothesis for the possible role of this vitamin in the modulation of host miRNA profiles perturbed by this viral pathogen and in the regulation of some cellular miRNA with a suggested potential anti-HBV activity. This approach may contribute to the improvement of our understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms involved in HBV infection and increase the possibility of its management and treatment.

scholarly journals The role of calcium homeostasis remodeling in inherited cardiac arrhythmia syndromes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanna Hamilton ◽  
Roland Veress ◽  
Andriy Belevych ◽  
Dmitry Terentyev
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrhythmia ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Qt Syndrome

AbstractSudden cardiac death due to malignant ventricular arrhythmias remains the major cause of mortality in the postindustrial world. Defective intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis has been well established as a key contributing factor to the enhanced propensity for arrhythmia in acquired cardiac disease, such as heart failure or diabetic cardiomyopathy. More recent advances provide a strong basis to the emerging view that hereditary cardiac arrhythmia syndromes are accompanied by maladaptive remodeling of Ca2+ homeostasis which substantially increases arrhythmic risk. This brief review will focus on functional changes in elements of Ca2+ handling machinery in cardiomyocytes that occur secondary to genetic mutations associated with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, and long QT syndrome.

The Rhetorical Case: Its Roman Precedent and the Current Debate

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Mendelson
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Technical Writing ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Early Case ◽  
New Phase

Because of the recent emphasis on rhetorical context in business and technical writing (BTW) instruction, the problem-solving case has become a staple in BTW classrooms. However, a number of critics have voiced concerns about the use of the rhetorical case. These concerns recall an ancient debate among Roman rhetoricians over an early case-study method called declamation. For contemporary theorists, the debate over case study revolves around its value as a stimulant to problem-solving skills, its ability to imitate the realistic circumstances of professional BTW, and its emphasis on persona and audience along with its deemphasis of the teacher. A full spectrum of arguments on these and other issues in the case-study debate indicates that the discipline is entering a new phase in its deliberations over the role of problem-solving and pragmatics in the BTW classroom.

Possible Role of Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase in Mx1 Protein Translation and Antiviral Activity of Interferon-Omega-Stimulated HeLa Cells

Pharmacology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 87 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 224-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngjun Seo ◽  
Mihee Kim ◽  
Minjoung Choi ◽  
Sunhee Kim ◽  
Kidae Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase

scholarly journals Cinnabar, Calomel and the Art of kushtasāzī: Mercurial Preparations in Unani Medicine

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Preckel
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Islamic Medicine ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This paper examines the role of mercury in “Graeco-Islamic” medicine, which is referred to as Ṭibb-e yūnānī or unani medicine in South Asia. Having its origin in Ancient Greece, unani medicine spread to the Arabic countries and from the fifteenth century onwards to India. With its main roots in the Greek and Latin sources, the most influential works of ‘ilm al-adviya (pharmacology) were translated into Arabic, Persian and Urdu. Mercury (Arabic: zībaq; Persian: sīmāb; Urdu: sīmāb and pāra) played an important role in all Indian traditions of medicine, and had a prominent place in unani medicine. This paper highlights the historical use of mercury in Indian, Persian and Urdu medical literature, the discourses on its efficacy and some of the important mercurial preparations presented in a selection of unani works. Further, the use of mercury as a single and compound drug and its role in the treatment of different diseases will be analysed.

TIRYAQ-I-AFAYEE (A POLYHERBAL FORMULATION) OF UNANI MEDICINE USED IN THE PREVENTION OF WABĀI AMRĀD (EPIDEMIC/ PANDEMIC DISEASES) – AN APPRAISAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Athar Parvez Ansari ◽  
Mohammad Arif ◽  
Abdul Raheem ◽  
Arsheed Iqbal ◽  
Firdaus Kausar
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Polyherbal Formulation ◽  
Saffron Extract ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Epidemic Diseases

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Tiryaq-i-Afayee, a polyherbal formulation of Unani medicine used in the prevention and treatment of various wabāi amrād (epidemic/ pandemic diseases) since olden days. This review study has been carried out to explore the therapeutic efficacy of this formulation in the light of scientific studies. MATERIALS & METHODS: A total of 74 literature comprising classical Unani texts from the period of 9th – 20th century AD, and published research articles in various reputed journals from 1999 – 2020 AD were reviewed regarding immunomodulatory, antiviral, antiinfluenza, antioxidant, antitussive, antimicrobial effects of Tiryaq-iAfayee, as a whole preparation and its individual ingredients. RESULTS:Tiryaq-i-Afayee contains Sibr Zard (Aloe vera) (2 parts), Murr Makki (Commiphora myrrha) (1 part) and Zafran (Crocus sativus) (1 part). It is prepared in the form of pill, and 2 g is used in alternate day for prevention and management of epidemic diseases. All the three ingredients of this compound formulation belong to plants and individually used for various medicinal purposes. DISCUSSION: A study revealed that Tiryaq-i-Afayee possesses significant immunomodulatory effect in a small group of immuno compromised persons. An ethanol extract of Aloe vera exhibited antiinfluenza effect against influenza A virus due to presence of aloe-emodine (anthraquinone glycoside). Certain studies have reported that Commiphora myrrha possesses significant antioxidant and antimicrobial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Another study has revealed that Saffron extract exhibited promising antiviral activity due to presence of crocin and picrocrocin. CONCLUSION: The aforementioned classical and modern conventional materials have given plentiful information regarding use of Tiryaq-i-Afayee in the prevention of epidemic/ pandemic diseases.

scholarly journals Role of Unani Medicine in the Management of Palpitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Usama Akram ◽  
Neelam Quddusi ◽  
Azma Waseem ◽  
Zaki Ahmad Siddiqui ◽  
M Fazil
Keyword(s):  
Unani Medicine
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