scholarly journals Regional sectoral structure of the support realised through the Operational Programme Enterprise and Innovation 2007–2013

Ergo ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Kostić
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Related Services ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Sectoral Structure ◽  
Smart Specialisation ◽  
Programming Period ◽  
Average Representation ◽  
Financial Subsidy

Abstract Within the previous programming period, the Operational Programme Enterprise and Innovation represented the main tool of the EU cohesion policy in the Czech Republic for the support of businesses in manufacturing and related services. The article analyses sectoral structure of realised projects and financial subsidy allocated through the programme at the level of Czech regions. A significant part of branches strongly represented by realised projects in particular regions belongs at the same time to branches considerably concentrated within the same regions. Nevertheless, besides these regionally traditional branches of manufacturing industry and related services, a number of other branches were identified with an above-average representation on projects or financial subsidy within particular regions. In the last part of the text, results of the sectoral structure analysis are looked at from the perspective of smart specialisation areas which form a binding support framework for the area of entrepreneurship, innovation and research in the current programming period. Certain continuity in the importance for regional economies can be noticed in the case of many traditional regional industries - their position strengthened by the investment in the last programming period has been confirmed by inclusion of these branches into the list of smart specialisation areas for the current programming period.

Smart specialisation as a new concept of the EU regional innovation policy

Ergo ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Vladislav Čadil
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Smart Specialisation ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
Europe 2020 Strategy ◽  
Eu Policies ◽  
Programming Period ◽  
The Eu

Smart specialisation is a main pillar of the Europe 2020 strategy, which creates the basic strategic framework for individual EU policies including the cohesion policy and the research, development and innovation policy for the new programming period. The concept can be defined as a discovery of national/regional strengths in the field of research, development and innovation. Its key characteristic is an accent on innovation and concentration of human and financial resources allocated to research and development into several globally competitive fields, which can become a basis for the next economic growth and prosperity. Each region or state should prepare new innovation strategies based on smart specialisation since such strategies are conditionality for negotiation of new operational programmes. Because the concept is relatively new in the Czech Republic, the article aims at introducing it on the basis of foreign literature and official EU documents, and discussing some problems that should be taken into account in designing the strategy.

Border Trade between Regions of Russia and Provinces of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 103-116
Author(s):  
Natalya S. Epifanova ◽  
Vladimir N. Akulinin
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The purpose of this article is to study border trade in the regions of Russia and the provinces of China. It is shown that in recent years there have been negative trends in border trade, leading to its reduction. Therefore, Russian regions bordering with China should transform into separate objects of regional policy, while also forming a legislative framework for border interaction in all its main spheres: trade, humanitarian cooperation, science and education, and others. In border cooperation with China, special emphasis should be placed on cooperation in the innovation sphere, as well as on improving the quality of exported goods and services and promoting infrastructure projects. Border trade between the regions of Russia and China is built mainly on trade and export of labour resources from China to Russia, as well as China’s receipt of additional sales channels for the confidently growing sales markets for consumer goods and sources of raw materials and primary products. The interaction of Russian regions with neighbouring provinces on the border with China not only preserves the raw material orientation of these regions, but also hinders the development and strengthening of the manufacturing industry in the structure of their regional economies, since border interaction for Russian regions immobilizes those stages of value-added production observed in the very first stages. In general, for the Chinese provinces there is a similar problem associated with such exports to border regions that have common borders with Russia, which does not contribute to the diversification and structural development of the regional economies of the Chinese provinces. That is why building an effective mechanism for border interaction between Russia and China is a strategically important issue for both countries.

scholarly journals Investment Activity of the World’s Leading Countries in Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-113
Author(s):  
V. Dodonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
The State ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Sectoral Structure

The article examines trends in the inflow of foreign investments from countries that are Kazakhstan’s leading partners in this area. Changes in the dynamics of foreign investments incoming flows in terms of their gross and net inflows, the state and changes in their typical and sectoral structure are analyzed. The situation as a whole and in relation to each of six largest investor countries of Kazakhstan is considered. It also examines the inflow of investments from the selected countries into manufacturing industry – a key branch in the context of the modernization of the Kazakhstan economy.

Development of sustainable value stream mapping (SVSM) for unit part manufacturing

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aatish Kumar Mishra ◽  
Ayush Sharma ◽  
Moraldeepsingh Sachdeo ◽  
Jayakrishna K.
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Value Stream Mapping ◽  
Simulation Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
Sustainable Value

Purpose The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the current state of a bonnet-manufacturing industry and to optimize the process by designing a future state map using simulation approach. Design/methodology/approach The case study approach has been proposed to highlight the applicability of value stream mapping (VSM) in an Indian bonnet manufacturing organization. The methodology used relies on formulation of VSM being the main tool used to identify the opportunities for classifying and eliminating bottlenecks with the help of various lean techniques. A contrast of present and past scenarios is highlighted to underscore the importance of using VSM with ARENA simulation. Findings Application of the proposed simulation approach has helped the organization reduce the cycle time significantly by 30 per cent over the entire production time. The average number of work-in-progress pieces has also decreased by about ten. In addition, enhancements have been seen with respect to ecological parameters, e.g. carbon footprint has been reduced to 83.7 percent across the process. Research limitations/implications The proposed approach of using a simulation-based VSM helps in reducing the time involved in traditional VSM method. This approach is also easy to implement at any organizational level. Practical implications It is believed that this paper will aid not just industrialists but also academic professionals to appreciate the role of simulation using ARENA in helping them understand how to attack the various problems faced by industries. The results of the study indicate that by applying this methodology, there will be a reduction not only in cost but also in environmental impacts. Originality/value The paper incorporates a real case study, which shows application of VSM for implementing lean principles in a bonnet-manufacturing industry. Break-even analysis presented fills the gap which previous literatures have been missing.

Universities and smart specialisation strategy

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Rinaldi ◽  
Alessio Cavicchi ◽  
Francesca Spigarelli ◽  
Luigi Lacchè ◽  
Arthur Rubens
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Smart Specialisation ◽  
The University ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The paper analyses the emerging role of Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) universities in contemporary society via third- and fourth-mission activities. In particular, the paper investigates the potential contributions that SSH universities can offer in developing and enhancing capacities, supporting the changing conception of innovation coherently through a Smart Specialisation Strategy (S3) approach. Design/methodology/approach The case study presents multiple third- and fourth-mission activities carried out by the University of Macerata (Italy). The activities are framed according to the roles universities could have in supporting S3. Findings Within third- and fourth-mission activities, SSH universities can play different and broader roles (generative, absorptive, collaborative and leadership), which could support regions in designing and implementing S3. Practical implications The paper shows the important contributions that SSH universities can make in their regions, both to support S3 and enhance the transition to sustainable development. Social implications The article emphasises SSH universities’ multiple contributions to sustainable development and to innovation in the knowledge society/economy framework. Originality/value This case study captures SSH universities’ contributions to S3 and the wider innovation paradigm, by highlighting their transformational effect on regional economies.

scholarly journals Material Characterization for FEM Simulation of Sheet Metal Stamping Processes

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 167147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Quesada ◽  
Antonio Gauchia ◽  
Carolina Álvarez-Caldas ◽  
José Luis San Román
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Fem Simulation ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Sheet Metal Parts ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Parameter Values

Sheet metal forming is an important technology in manufacturing, especially in the automotive industry. Today, engineering simulation tools based on the finite elements method are employed regularly in the design of stamping dies for sheet metal parts. However, a bad material model choice or the use of nonaccurate enough parameters can lead to imprecise simulation results. This work uses ANSYS LS-DYNA software to analyze several material models and the influence of their parameter values in FEM simulation results. The main tool to solve these problems is an application designed to assist die stamp designers. The program allows a procedure to be defined to obtain the values of the properties of an unknown material, which combines finite element simulations with real experimental results. Results obtained for the simulation of a real automotive part are analyzed and compared with the real experimental results. Parameters involved in each material model have been identified, and their influence in final results has been quantified. This is very useful to fit material properties in other simulations. This paper fulfils an identified need in the manufacturing industry. In fact, the proposed application is currently being used by a manufacturer of automotive components.

scholarly journals INNOVATION PERFORMANCE OF CZECH AND FINNISH MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES AND THEIR POSITION IN THE EU

ACC Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Petr Blaschke ◽  
Jaroslav Demel ◽  
Iouri Kotorov
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Size Group ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprises ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this article is to assess the innovation performance of innovative small, medium-sized, and large enterprises operating in the manufacturing industry in two European countries – the Czech Republic (CR) and Finland, and to determine their position within the EU based on a comparison with average values of created Fictitious EU Country (FEUC). The FEUC includes the indicators and population of the EU member countries whose data were available. The performed analysis is based on the use of selected key performance indicators (related mainly to inputs that are expected to contribute to innovations) evaluating the enterprises´ innovation performance. The conducted research tries to identify the most significant drivers of innovation performance with regard to the size group of enterprises. Moreover, the achieved results are further compared within the innovation environment of the CR and Finland as well as the EU as a whole. It is worth highlighting the innovation resources of Finnish mainly small but partly also medium-sized enterprises, which in some monitored indicators occupy a much more significant share than in the case of the CR. This fact can indicate a particular signal, which size group of enterprises should become a target group of public support aiming to boost innovation performance.

scholarly journals Supporting Producer Groups – Increasing Producer’s Value Aded?

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kotyza ◽  
K. Tomsik ◽  
K. Elisova ◽  
A. Hornowski
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Relative Ease ◽  
Programming Period

Abstract Cooperation between entities can be the basis for improved competitiveness. The Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic were able to draw on EU funds to support the formation of producer groups. Main objective was to investigate whether the funds have led to an increase of value added of products placed on the market. In the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic during the reporting period the sum of 44 million EUR was provided to support the establishment of marketing organizations, 305 producer groups were supported. Many of the supported entities are no longer active. In the Czech Republic, only 15 entities are still operating, but they do not have a significant impact on the increase of value added of the agricultural sector. In the Slovak Republic, entities supported in the first programming period (2004–2006) have a higher share of the generated value added. During the second funding period (2007–2013), the supported groups showed a negative value added. Given the characteristics of supported groups, the number of successfully supported groups, the reported features and the total value of generated value added, it can be suggested that most of the entities were established due to the relative ease of fundraising.

scholarly journals Research, development and innovations in Czech manufacture of electronic products

Equilibrium ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Nina Bockova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Electronic Products ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The paper deals with the topic of research and development investments and its use in small and medium-sized enterprises SME’s operating in the electronic industry. The aim of the article is to find out the impact of innovation activities on enterprises, especially the influence of the sources of funding for the research activity. The Czech Republic is the geographic segment to be explored. A chapter on theoretical issues is followed by a description of the current situation in the Czech Republic and abroad, and access to legal support for research and development in the business sector. Primary data collected from a survey are analysed in the analytical part. The statistical data processing was done using Statistica 12 software. Some SME’s of chosen group of manufacturing industry focus on research and development performed by their own means, and they searched for the possibility of financing the research from various sources.

scholarly journals Social efficiency of employment in three sectors — a comparison of Polish regions

Equilibrium ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Cyrek
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Social Efficiency ◽  
Sectoral Structure ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
The Social ◽  
Service Sectors

Research background: Regions that are able to use their resources in the most efficient way could be perceived as valuable benchmarks when shaping socio-economic policy. The concept of efficiency, however, may be related not only to pure economic categories but to social goals as well. The economic and social spheres overlap and often have some common origins, among which, the sectoral structure of employment seems to be an important one. Purpose of the article: The aim of the study was to compare the social efficiency of employment in three sectors in Polish voivodeships. Not only were we evaluating the relative performance of each region, but we were also paying attention to the efficiency of engagement of human resources in the agricultural, industrial and service sectors. Methods: We adopted the DEA method to assess the social efficiency of Polish regions. We have evaluated social cohesion concerning its two output dimensions: positive, which may be described by social activity, and negative, which may be reflected in the form of social exclusion stemming from material sources. We took into account the level of employment in agricultural, industrial and service sectors as inputs in the model and thus focused our attention on the three sectoral structure of the regional economies. Our model assumed non-radial developmental paths and was input oriented (NR-CCR). The data described the 16 Polish voivodeships in the year 2015, and were extracted from the Central Statistical Office of Poland’s databases. Findings & value added: The research conducted indicates that Polish regions which were the most efficient in terms of social integration were simultaneously those with the best economic results in terms of GDP per capita. The highest social efficiency level was characteristic for employment in the service sector, while agriculture was placed at the lowest level. The same pattern was revealed when social activity and the danger of poverty were considered separately. Thus, structural development appears to be favourable for regional economies also in terms of social cohesion, which is a factor often neglected in the literature.

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