Stories in Clay: Mythological Characters on Ceramics in Archaic Etruria

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Shipley
Keyword(s):  
Archaic Period ◽  
Greek Mythology ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
Large Corpus ◽  
Excavation Methods

AbstractAttic vases were imported to Etruria in large numbers during the Archaic period (650–450 B. C. E.). A large corpus of decorative imagery has been scrupulously recorded in great detail, presenting a contrast with the antiquarian excavation methods which unearthed them. This article considers a corpus of imported ceramic vessels excavated at Chiusi, Tarquinia and Vulci to explore the presence of different characters and themes in Greek mythology within Etruria, examining the popularity of particular mythological motifs and images. These are then compared with a subsidiary corpus of comparable date from the Athenian Agora. The results of the analysis are interpreted to suggest that Etruscan consumers were deliberately acquiring iconographic content that related to indigenous Italian mythologies, values and ideals. The analysis proposes that the reception of imported mythology reflects themes of consequence in Etruscan mythology, closely related to the context of the use of these vessels in both feasts and funerals.

‘Frequenter Legere' The Propagation of Literacy’, Education, and Divine Wisdom in Caesarius of Arles

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Alberto Ferreiro
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Literacy Education ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Divine Wisdom ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Church ◽  
Large Corpus ◽  
Personal Viewpoint ◽  
The Middle Ages

Of the literary bequest from the Middle Ages, homilies provide one of the more useful tools in helping us to understand the medieval mind, at least from the perspective of the Church. Homilies provide us with insight on a number of levels, extending well beyond the personal viewpoint of those who wrote and preached them. They also clearly reflect the values, aspirations, and concerns of an era. Homilies are particularly valuable, especially if one has them in large numbers, because they are generally addressed to people of both genders, of all ages, and from every stratum of society. This is especially true of the large corpus of homilies attributed to Bishop Caesarius of Arles who directed his attention to both laity and clergy of all ranks with the aim of encouraging reading in order to promote literacy and divine wisdom. The Caesarian homiliary that survives from the early Middle Ages, is an enviable collection of documents.: one need only consider the scarcity of this type of source for contemporary Visigothic Spain. Homilies did exist in that period in Spain, but the ravages of time and man have caused so much to disappear.

Archaic pottery and terracottas from the Sanctuary of Poseidon at Kalaureia

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 81-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Alexandridou
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Sacred Space ◽  
Archaic Period ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
Terracotta Figurines ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Over Time

The excavation season of 2009 in the Sanctuary of Poseidon at Kalaureia brought to light a deposit of Archaic pottery and associated metal and other objects in conjunction with a long terrace wall (Wall 49) southeast of the Temple of Poseidon. The deposit in question is the largest accumulation of Archaic material recovered from the entire sanctuary thus far. The fine-decorated, black-glazed and coarse pottery together with the terracotta figurines are discussed in detail in this article. Furthermore, the results of the quantitative analysis of the pottery are presented. The study of the deposit provides an overview of the ceramic vessels and other terracotta objects originally dedicated to the deity or used in the sanctuary during the Archaic period. Moreover, based on the chronology of its deposition, it seems possible to incorporate it into a narrative of the development of the sanctuary over time. The significance of the deposit as a whole will be more fully discussed in the forthcoming final publication of the Kalaureia Research Program. The context and the condition of the deposited pottery and terracottas allows for associating it with a period of important redefinition of the sanctuary’s sacred space, which took place towards the end of the 6th or the early 5th century BC.

METHODS OF INDUCING MULTIPLE OVULATION IN CATTLE

1951 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. ROWSON
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Processed Material ◽  
Large Corpus

Follicles in relatively large numbers (average 26) have been consistently produced by the injection of 3600 and 4500 i.u. of whole pregnant mares' serum, and to a slightly lesser degree (average 14), by the injection of similar amounts of commercial processed pregnant mares' serum. Ovulation after this treatment has been spontaneous, but to a lesser degree when using the processed material (5·4% ovulations) than when using the whole plasma (24% ovulations). The percentage of ovulations after this treatment has been increased by the intravenous injection of chorionic gonadotrophin at a dosage of 2000 i.u. (22% for processed material and 42% for whole serum). Where a large corpus luteum was present in the ovary during the time of treatment, the percentage ovulations was 52 as compared with only 14 in those cases in which no corpus luteum was present. Injections of 20 mg. progesterone daily for 4 days after removal of the corpus luteum, and after the p.m.s. injections, had the same effect on the ovulation rate (55% ovulations) as the presence of a large corpus luteum. Ova produced by either processed or whole serum can be fertilized fairly readily in the absence of a corpus luteum, but in its presence or after daily injections of progesterone, no fertilization takes place. In the presence of a corpus luteum or after injections of progesterone, the ova travel down the Fallopian tube at a greatly increased rate, but were in some cases slowed up by the injection of oestrogens.

scholarly journals The Archaeology of the Middle Caddoan Period in the Middle Red River Valley of Northeast Texas

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
River Valley ◽  
Red River ◽  
Projectile Points ◽  
Cultural Affiliation ◽  
Red River Valley ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Grave Good ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
Sabine River ◽  
Grave Goods

Middle Caddoan period sites (estimated to date from ca. A.D. 1100-1300/1350; in the Middle Red River Valley of Northeast Texas appear to have cultural affiliation with the Sanders phase/focus originally recognized by Krieger. Sanders phase components are distributed in the Middle Red, Kiamichi, and Upper Sabine River basins of Southeast Oklahoma and Northeast Texas. In the Middle Red River valley, key components include the A.C. Mackin (41LR36), Fasken (41RR14), Roitsch (41RR16; previously known as the Sam Kaufman site), Holdeman (41RR11), Sanders (41LR2), and Harling (41FNI) sites. Middle Caddoan period settlements along the Middle Red River include dispersed farmsteads and hamlets with structures, middens, and cemeteries, as well as large communities such as the Roitsch and Holdeman sites with single and multiple mounds; substructure mounds; flat-topped platform mounds; and burial mounds. Sites include from one to as many as three mounds at the larger communities or villages. Burials in mound and non-mound contexts were typically in extended supine position, with large numbers of grave goods in association. At the Holdeman site, for example, Sanders phase burials contained an average of 6.5 grave goods, mainly ceramic vessels, per individual, with even more substantial grave good associations (shell conch dippers, gorgets, and beads, bone beads, projectile points, and ceramic vessels) from Class I and II burials at the Sanders site.

Cytoplasmic Granules in Lymphocytes from Rats Dosed with SK&F 14336-D

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 556-557
Author(s):  
T. G. Merrill ◽  
B. J. Payne ◽  
A. J. Tousimis
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Storage ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cytoplasmic Granules ◽  
Storage Diseases ◽  
Tay Sachs Disease ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Neurovisceral Lipidosis

Rats given SK&F 14336-D (9-[3-Dimethylamino propyl]-2-chloroacridane), a tranquilizing drug, developed an increased number of vacuolated lymphocytes as observed by light microscopy. Vacuoles in peripheral blood of rats and humans apparently are rare and are not usually reported in differential counts. Transforming agents such as phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen induce similar vacuoles in in vitro cultures of lymphocytes. These vacuoles have also been reported in some of the lipid-storage diseases of humans such as amaurotic familial idiocy, familial neurovisceral lipidosis, lipomucopolysaccharidosis and sphingomyelinosis. Electron microscopic studies of Tay-Sachs' disease and of chloroquine treated swine have demonstrated large numbers of “membranous cytoplasmic granules” in the cytoplasm of neurons, in addition to lymphocytes. The present study was undertaken with the purpose of characterizing the membranous inclusions and developing an experimental animal model which may be used for the study of lipid storage diseases.

Prolonged Fixation Studies For Spaceflight

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
Robert Corbett ◽  
Delbert E. Philpott ◽  
Sam Black
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Early Signs ◽  
Large Numbers

Observation of subtle or early signs of change in spaceflight induced alterations on living systems require precise methods of sampling. In-flight analysis would be preferable but constraints of time, equipment, personnel and cost dictate the necessity for prolonged storage before retrieval. Because of this, various tissues have been stored in fixatives and combinations of fixatives and observed at various time intervals. High pressure and the effect of buffer alone have also been tried.Of the various tissues embedded, muscle, cartilage and liver, liver has been the most extensively studied because it contains large numbers of organelles common to all tissues (Fig. 1).

Analysis of the Anterior Secretory Cells of Onchidohs Muricata (Nudibranchia)

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 614-615
Author(s):  
Roy Skidmore
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Golgi Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Secretory Vesicles ◽  
High Magnification ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Sole Of The Foot

The long-necked secretory cells in Onchidoris muricata are distributed in the anterior sole of the foot. These cells are interspersed among ciliated columnar and conical cells as well as short-necked secretory gland cells. The long-necked cells contribute a significant amount of mucoid materials to the slime on which the nudibranch travels. The body of these cells is found in the subepidermal tissues. A long process extends across the basal lamina and in between cells of the epidermis to the surface of the foot. The secretory granules travel along the process and their contents are expelled by exocytosis at the foot surface.The contents of the cell body include the nucleus, some endoplasmic reticulum, and an extensive Golgi body with large numbers of secretory vesicles (Fig. 1). The secretory vesicles are membrane bound and contain a fibrillar matrix. At high magnification the similarity of the contents in the Golgi saccules and the secretory vesicles becomes apparent (Fig. 2).

Selective Sampling and Orientation of Non-Homogeneous Tissues

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 98-99
Author(s):  
C. C. Clawson ◽  
L. W. Anderson ◽  
R. A. Good
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
New Method ◽  
Microscope Examination ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Selective Sampling ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Specific Orientation

Investigations which require electron microscope examination of a few specific areas of non-homogeneous tissues make random sampling of small blocks an inefficient and unrewarding procedure. Therefore, several investigators have devised methods which allow obtaining sample blocks for electron microscopy from region of tissue previously identified by light microscopy of present here techniques which make possible: 1) sampling tissue for electron microscopy from selected areas previously identified by light microscopy of relatively large pieces of tissue; 2) dehydration and embedding large numbers of individually identified blocks while keeping each one separate; 3) a new method of maintaining specific orientation of blocks during embedding; 4) special light microscopic staining or fluorescent procedures and electron microscopy on immediately adjacent small areas of tissue.

Microanalysis of precipitates in a ferritic steel

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 618-619
Author(s):  
J.M. Titchmarsh
Keyword(s):  
Ferritic Steel ◽  
Particle Identification ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Ferritic Steels ◽  
Replica Technique ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Made In

The advances in recent years in the microanalytical capabilities of conventional TEM's fitted with probe forming lenses allow much more detailed investigations to be made of the microstructures of complex alloys, such as ferritic steels, than have been possible previously. In particular, the identification of individual precipitate particles with dimensions of a few tens of nanometers in alloys containing high densities of several chemically and crystallographically different precipitate types is feasible. The aim of the investigation described in this paper was to establish a method which allowed individual particle identification to be made in a few seconds so that large numbers of particles could be examined in a few hours.A Philips EM400 microscope, fitted with the scanning transmission (STEM) objective lens pole-pieces and an EDAX energy dispersive X-ray analyser, was used at 120 kV with a thermal W hairpin filament. The precipitates examined were extracted using a standard C replica technique from specimens of a 2¼Cr-lMo ferritic steel in a quenched and tempered condition.

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