scholarly journals The Unbearable Errorlessness of Global Poverty Estimates

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michail Moatsos
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
Administrative Authority ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Error Terms

Abstract In October 2015 the World Bank initiated the Atkinson Commission on Global Poverty seeking advise on (1) keeping the international poverty line (iPL) constant in real terms, and (2) what else the Bank should make available to complement the dollar-a-day estimates. The Commission’s Report bears a set of 21 key recommendations, largely covering the most important voiced worries of the research community over the Bank’s methods and estimates. In response the Bank adopted fully and unconditionally only one–out of ten–recommendations regarding point one above, and three–out of nine–recommendations to the second point. In addition the Bank accepted one of the two overarching recommendations. Among the remaining 16 sidelined or partially accepted recommendations lies arguably the most obvious and important one: the urge that the Bank publishes the error terms of its estimates. Without them these estimates are supported by little else other than the administrative authority of the Bank.

Organizing Collaboration

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-42
Author(s):  
Constantine Michalopoulos
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk

The story of Eveline Herfkens, Hilde F. Johnson, Clare Short and Heidemarie Wieczorek-Zeul, all of whom, with different titles became ministers in charge of development cooperation in the Netherlands, Norway, the UK, and Germany in 1997–8, and what they did together to bridge the gap between rhetoric and reality in the war against global poverty, starts with a short discussion of their background. This is followed by a discussion of the political situation and the different government arrangements that determined development policy in their countries at the time. The last part of the chapter reviews the beginnings of their collaboration which focused on ensuring that the debt relief provided to highly indebted poor countries (HIPCs) in programmes supported by the World Bank and the IMF resulted in actually lifting people out of poverty.

scholarly journals Resettlement Caused by Jatigede Dam Project -Consequence of Long Delayed Implementation of a Project

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Opan Suhendi Suwartapradja ◽  
Ryo Fujikura ◽  
Sunardi Sunardi ◽  
Regina Hoi Yee Fu
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Cash Compensation ◽  
The World ◽  
The 1960S

Jatigede dam was constructed in Sumedang Regency of West Java Province, Indonesia. It was planned as early as the 1960s. The World Bank cancelled its financing for the reason of insufficient resettlement planning in 1986, but land acquisition for the dam continued and cash compensation was provided to affected villagers. In spite of the suspension of land acquisition in 1997, the Chinese Government became the new sponsor and dam construction started in 2005. Inundation began in 2015 and the villagers were resettled mainly to the vicinity of the reservoir. The construction was completed in 2015. Most of the cash compensation was provided during the mid-1980s. As three decades have passed since the provision of the compensation, resettlers who received the money conceived that the dam construction project has been cancelled. They spent the money at their original place and did not invest for the resettlement. Today, most of the resettlers are jobless and poor. Their incomes are below the international poverty line. Aquaculture at the reservoir is one of the possible options to improve local economy, but the local government prohibits it to avoid deterioration of water quality.

scholarly journals The influence of health expenditures on household impoverishment in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 797-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Crispim Boing ◽  
Andréa Dâmaso Bertoldi ◽  
Leila Garcia Posenato ◽  
Karen Glazer Peres
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
The World ◽  
Bolsa Familia ◽  
Per Capita

OBJECTIVE To analyze the variation in the proportion of households living below the poverty line in Brazil and the factors associated with their impoverishment. METHODS Income and expenditure data from the Household Budget Survey, which was conducted in Brazil between 2002-2003 (n = 48,470 households) and 2008-2009 (n = 55,970 households) with a national sample, were analyzed. Two cutoff points were used to define poverty. The first cutoff is a per capita monthly income below R$100.00 in 2002-2003 and R$140.00 in 2008-2009, as recommended by the Bolsa Família Program. The second, which is proposed by the World Bank and is adjusted for purchasing power parity, defines poverty as per capita income below US$2.34 and US$3.54 per day in 2002-2003 and 2008-2009, respectively. Logistic regression was used to identify the sociodemographic factors associated with the impoverishment of households. RESULTS After subtracting health expenditures, there was an increase in households living below the poverty line in Brazil. Using the World Bank poverty line, the increase in 2002-2003 and 2008-2009 was 2.6 percentage points (6.8%) and 2.3 percentage points (11.6%), respectively. Using the Bolsa Família Program poverty line, the increase was 1.6 (11.9%) and 1.3 (17.3%) percentage points, respectively. Expenditure on prescription drugs primarily contributed to the increase in poor households. According to the World Bank poverty line, the factors associated with impoverishment include a worse-off financial situation, a household headed by an individual with low education, the presence of children, and the absence of older adults. Using the Bolsa Família Program poverty line, the factors associated with impoverishment include a worse-off financial situation and the presence of children. CONCLUSIONS Health expenditures play an important role in the impoverishment of segments of the Brazilian population, especially among the most disadvantaged.

scholarly journals Poverty in the Process of Globalization: Its Perspective in Turkey and in the World

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülşen Sarı Gerşil ◽  
Hülya Yeşilyurt
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
World Population ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Common Definition ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Dangerous Situation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Distribution Of Income

A country's wealth and poverty are opposite to each other, but they are two inseparable important elements. The more the subject how to increase the welfare of the country is important, the more the distribution of this welfare among country members, especially. Although the observed increase in global prosperity with 21st century in especial that adopted neo-liberal policies in all over the world has caused to further deepening of the phenomenon of poverty. This case has given rise that concept of the "Poverty" has been discussed intensively workers in manufacturing is important. So, issues of fair distribution of income and prevention of poverty should be handled as interdisciplinary, mainly including social policy. That socio-economic and political structure of societies are different has been complicated to have a common definition on the concept of poverty. The World Bank, based on the absolute poverty approach, has made a research to determine the poverty line in the world (by getting base the ones who reap a profit below $ 1) and has determined that the poor class has remained in “minority” compared to world population. As it appears; more than half of the world population is below of the poverty line in reality. While seen daily increases in the welfare of the world countries, given the impression that poverty decreases does not reflect the reality. In this study, why poverty cannot be prevented besides causes of increase will be examined; this dangerous situation rapidly increasing in Turkey and in the world will be analyzed.

The World Bank: Why It Is Still Needed and Why It Still Disappoints

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Ravallion
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
Global Public Goods ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World

Does the World Bank still have an important role to play? How might it fulfill that role? The paper begins with a brief account of how the Bank works. It then argues that, while the Bank is no longer the primary conduit for capital from high-income to low-income countries, it still has an important role in supplying the public good of development knowledge—a role that is no less pressing today than ever. This argument is not a new one. In 1996, the Bank’s President at the time, James D. Wolfensohn, laid out a vision for the “knowledge bank,” an implicit counterpoint to what can be called the “lending bank.” The paper argues that the past rhetoric of the “knowledge bank” has not matched the reality. An institution such as the World Bank—explicitly committed to global poverty reduction—should be more heavily invested in knowing what is needed in its client countries as well as in international coordination. It should be consistently arguing for well-informed pro-poor policies in its member countries, tailored to the needs of each country, even when such policies are unpopular with the powers-that-be. It should also be using its financial weight, combined with its analytic and convening powers, to support global public goods. In all this, there is a continuing role for lending, but it must be driven by knowledge—both in terms of what gets done and how it is geared to learning. The paper argues that the Bank disappoints in these tasks but that it could perform better.

scholarly journals A Study on Poverty in Turkey and in the World

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yunus Taş ◽  
Selami Özcan
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Us Dollar

Poverty has become one of the most important problems for both underdeveloped and developed countries along with increasing globalization in the world since the second half of the 20th century. On the other hand, it has been claimed that the world is having its richest period of time. While two billion and five hundred millions of the people live under 2 US dollars, which has been determined by the World Bank as the poverty line, one billion and two hundred million of people live under 1 US dollar which has been determined as the hunger line. In our study, dimensions of poverty problems in certain significant countries and continents of the world (such as OECD and African countries) will be tried to be explained by giving quantities and graphics. Besides giving the rates of poverty in Turkey and Kazakhstan, studies concerning this issue and examples as regards their solutions will be given. As a result, suggestions towards lessening the rates of populations in those countries which have poverty and increasing life standards will be tried to ve given.

scholarly journals The Role of Small Scale Enterprises in Poverty Reduction in Rural Areas of Sokoto State

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
Sirajo Abubakar Ibrahim ◽  
Zayyanu Ladan
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World

Poverty reduction is a major goal and issue for many international organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank. The World Bank estimated 1.29 billion people were living in absolute poverty in 2008. This is more obvious with the regard to Nigeria where it was estimated about 70 % (2010) of the population are living below poverty line. Similarly, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) recently released the figure in 2013., which indicate Sokoto state as having highest incidence of poverty, with 81.2 % poverty rate. The pressure of poverty and the absence of any other income earning activity during the dry season force the people in these area of the North Western part of Sokoto on Migration after every raining season across the country, in order to sustain their livelihood. This paper is of the opinion that rural dwellers can be self reliant within their locality by utilizing the available resources as well as establishing some new business ideas for small scale business as a strategy in poverty reduction and controlling high migration rate. Similarly the paper recommend among others, the effective enlightenment awareness and motivation on the role of boosting the economic development of the rural areas.

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