scholarly journals A Study on Poverty in Turkey and in the World

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yunus Taş ◽  
Selami Özcan
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Us Dollar

Poverty has become one of the most important problems for both underdeveloped and developed countries along with increasing globalization in the world since the second half of the 20th century. On the other hand, it has been claimed that the world is having its richest period of time. While two billion and five hundred millions of the people live under 2 US dollars, which has been determined by the World Bank as the poverty line, one billion and two hundred million of people live under 1 US dollar which has been determined as the hunger line. In our study, dimensions of poverty problems in certain significant countries and continents of the world (such as OECD and African countries) will be tried to be explained by giving quantities and graphics. Besides giving the rates of poverty in Turkey and Kazakhstan, studies concerning this issue and examples as regards their solutions will be given. As a result, suggestions towards lessening the rates of populations in those countries which have poverty and increasing life standards will be tried to ve given.

Challenges and Prospects for E-Planning in Lusophone African Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Nunes Silva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sao Tome And Principe ◽  
The People ◽  
Published Report ◽  
The World ◽  
Planning Development ◽  
Administrative Tradition

The level of E-Planning development in African cities is in general far behind cities in developed countries. This is also, to a large extent, what happens in the five Lusophone African countries (Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique and Sao Tome and Principe). Besides sharing a common colonial history, administrative tradition and language these five African countries have in common similar urban planning cultures. In the recently published report “E-Government Survey 2012: E-Government for the People” the United Nations confirms a growth tendency in the implementation of e-government throughout the world, a trend that will make possible the development of E-Planning in countries where this new urban planning paradigm is still missing or has been insufficiently implemented, as is the case of the five Lusophone African countries. This review of the UN 2012 E-Government Survey aims to summarize and discuss the key challenges for e-government development identified in the survey and, based on these findings, to explore the challenges and prospects for e-Planning adoption in the five Lusophone African countries.

scholarly journals The Unbearable Errorlessness of Global Poverty Estimates

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michail Moatsos
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
Administrative Authority ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Error Terms

Abstract In October 2015 the World Bank initiated the Atkinson Commission on Global Poverty seeking advise on (1) keeping the international poverty line (iPL) constant in real terms, and (2) what else the Bank should make available to complement the dollar-a-day estimates. The Commission’s Report bears a set of 21 key recommendations, largely covering the most important voiced worries of the research community over the Bank’s methods and estimates. In response the Bank adopted fully and unconditionally only one–out of ten–recommendations regarding point one above, and three–out of nine–recommendations to the second point. In addition the Bank accepted one of the two overarching recommendations. Among the remaining 16 sidelined or partially accepted recommendations lies arguably the most obvious and important one: the urge that the Bank publishes the error terms of its estimates. Without them these estimates are supported by little else other than the administrative authority of the Bank.

scholarly journals Development Aid - A Perspective on the Sustainability of World Bank Projects

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Dominik Schafer
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Project Delivery ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Asian Continent ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World

This paper focuses on the evaluation of the World Bank (WB) performance in delivering development aid to the Least Developed Countries (LDCs). For this purpose, an extensive research was performed to analyze a set of 790 Implementation Completion and Results reports for sustainability outcomes. Results of this research provide various insights on sustainability ratings of project delivery of the LDCs and the African and Asian continent, whereas overall satisfying sustainability ratings are disclosed.

Economic African Development in the Context of FinTech

2020 ◽  
pp. 273-289
Author(s):  
Youssra Ben Romdhane ◽  
Sahar Loukil ◽  
Souhaila Kammoun
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Least Square ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Digital Infrastructure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Data Files

The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the effect of FinTech and political incertitude on economic growth through a multiple regression. Thus, the authors employ the method of generalized least square (GLS) with panel data. The sample concerns 21 African countries during (2001-2014-2017). The authors use a wide range of measures from Global Findex Database 2017, the World Bank platform, the World Bank national accounts data, and the OECD National Accounts data files base in the context of Africa. Empirical results show that FinTech is a driver of economic growth unless it is actively used in a developed digital infrastructure. In fact, the authors prove that, when financial technologies are used in both transactions (receive and made digital payment), they significantly contribute to the economic cycle. Passive use like simple consumption actions are not a significant lever for the economy. The principal contribution is to highlight that the active use of financial innovations and not passive one and the developed digital infrastructure do promote economic growth in African countries.

Reconstruction after Earthquakes: Sustainability and Development

1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alcira Kreimer
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
International Aid ◽  
Resource Mobilization ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
The One

This paper identifies key sustainability issues arising in earthquake-related projects financed by The World Bank. First, Bank-financed reconstruction activities are briefly described within the background of the Bank's objectives in development. Second, the connections between human activities and development decisions on the one hand and seismic risk and vulnerability on the other are discussed. The multiple nature of earthquake-related losses are identified, including economic (direct and indirect), time-related and institutional losses. Third, resource mobilization efforts following disasters are discussed, including issues related to local and international aid. Fourth, the inclusion of measures geared to preventing losses in Bank-financed reconstruction efforts are explored within the overall context of preserving sustainability and reducing vulnerability. The paper offers the conclusion that the losses from vulnerable development amount to a significant burden to member countries governments, institutions, and populations.

scholarly journals Chopping the world into bits: Africa, the World Bank, and the good governance norm

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
World Bank ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World

This article explores norms as idealizations, in an attempt to grasp their significance as projects for international organizations. We can think about norms as ‘standards of proper behaviour’. In this sense they are somehow natural, things to be taken for granted, noticed only really when they are absent. We can also think about norms as ‘understandings about what is good and appropriate’. In this sense, norms embody a stronger sense of virtue and an ability to enable progress or improvement. Norms become ideal when they are able to conflate what is good with what is appropriate, standard, or proper. It is when the good becomes ‘natural’ that a norm appears immanent and non-contestable, and so acquires an idealized form.45Along with the other articles in this special issue, I will attempt to challenge some of the complacency surrounding the apparent naturalness and universality of norms employed in international relations.

scholarly journals Resettlement Caused by Jatigede Dam Project -Consequence of Long Delayed Implementation of a Project

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Opan Suhendi Suwartapradja ◽  
Ryo Fujikura ◽  
Sunardi Sunardi ◽  
Regina Hoi Yee Fu
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Cash Compensation ◽  
The World ◽  
The 1960S

Jatigede dam was constructed in Sumedang Regency of West Java Province, Indonesia. It was planned as early as the 1960s. The World Bank cancelled its financing for the reason of insufficient resettlement planning in 1986, but land acquisition for the dam continued and cash compensation was provided to affected villagers. In spite of the suspension of land acquisition in 1997, the Chinese Government became the new sponsor and dam construction started in 2005. Inundation began in 2015 and the villagers were resettled mainly to the vicinity of the reservoir. The construction was completed in 2015. Most of the cash compensation was provided during the mid-1980s. As three decades have passed since the provision of the compensation, resettlers who received the money conceived that the dam construction project has been cancelled. They spent the money at their original place and did not invest for the resettlement. Today, most of the resettlers are jobless and poor. Their incomes are below the international poverty line. Aquaculture at the reservoir is one of the possible options to improve local economy, but the local government prohibits it to avoid deterioration of water quality.

On the Brain Drain of Africans to America: Some Methodological Observations

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Nii-Amoo Dodoo ◽  
Baffour Takyi ◽  
Jesse Mann
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Relative Comparisons ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

AbstractRecurring debates about the impact of the brain drain— the developing world's loss of human capital to more developed countries—has motivated estimation of the magnitude of the phenomenon, most recently by the World Bank. Although frequently cited as a key contributor to Africa's wanting development record, what constitutes the "brain-drain" is not always clearly defined. Today, in the absence of an accounting system, resolution of the definitional and measurement question depends on relative comparisons of measurement variants, which will identify definitional shortcomings by clarifying the merits and demerits of these variants, and thereby suggest corrective imputations. This paper compares the World Bank's approach to a chronological precedent (Dodoo 1997) to clarify the value of variant comparisons. The resultant implications for corrections are also discussed.

Governance, the World Bank and Liberal Theory

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Williams ◽  
Tom Young
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Alasdair Macintyre ◽  
The Other ◽  
Liberal Theory ◽  
Moral Action ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Moral Theorizing

We examine the recent debates about governance, focusing particularly on the World Bank and identify certain factors which have in recent years moved the Bank's thinking beyond narrowly economic notions of development. Our account is tentative and we suggest further avenues of research. We try to connect the Bank's thinking systematically with key features of liberal discourse and suggest that this can do much to illuminate practice. We illustrate this with a discussion of the growing relationship between the Bank and NGOs, to contribute to forms of analysis which go beyond the ideas vs. interests polarities that still inform so much of contemporary social and political theory. There ought not to be two histories, one of political and moral action and one of political and moral theorizing, because there were not two pasts, one populated only by actions, the other only by theories. Every action is the bearer and expression of more or less theory-laden beliefs and concepts; every piece of theorizing and every expression of belief is a political and moral action. Alasdair MacIntyre, After Virtue, p.61

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