Crop Yield and the Quality of Sunflower Seeds in the Use of Fertilizers and Growth Regulation Substances

Helia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (69) ◽  
pp. 227-239
Author(s):  
A. A. Kvashin ◽  
N. N. Neshchadim ◽  
E. K. Yablonskay ◽  
K. N. Gorpinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Northern Zone ◽  
Area Unit ◽  
Leaf Area Unit

AbstractIn the Russian Federation the most favorable area for high and stable yields of sunflower crop is the Northern zone of Krasnodar region. The research was conducted in multivariate experience of long-term stationary monitoring. We researched the effect of doses of mineral fertilizers and furolan on sunflower yield and seed quality. It was found that it is expedient and cost-effective to use small doses of nitrogen fertilizers for sunflower. The expediency of application of plant growth regulator (Furolan) during vegetation is shown. We found that the use of mineral fertilizers and the use of furolan contributed to the activation of growth processes of sunflower plants which led to the formation of optimal plant density. Improving the nutritional status of plants has provided an increase in the leaf area unit. The treatment of sunflower crops on the background of fertilizers N20P30 and the furolan has had a positive impact on the value of photosynthetic potential. Under the influence of mineral fertilizers there was an increase in the dissemination of the sunflower head, weight of seeds and weight of 1000 seeds, which has a positive impact on productivity. With the increase of fertilizer doses, the oil content of seeds increased when compared to the unfertilized variant. The treatment of plants with furolan has not violated the process of accumulation of protein and fat.

scholarly journals Effects of terms and norms of biostimulator application on local peanut yield and seed quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 02046
Author(s):  
Jonibek Khudaykulov ◽  
Sarvinoz Togaeva ◽  
Chulpanoy Kashkabaeva ◽  
Zayniddin Abirov ◽  
Shukhrat Shodmonov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Quality Production ◽  
Gray Soil

In this article, the analysis of the field experiments conducted in the Tashkent province, which was aimed at improving the technology of high-quality production, and economic efficiency of peanuts in the conditions of the typical gray soil and climate, was given. In the field experiments, the effect of Microzym-2 biostimulator on growth, development, yield elements, yield and seed quality of local peanut varieties “Salomat” (standard) and “Mumtoz” was studied. Accordingly, before sowing of peanut seeds, the biostimulator Microzym-2 was applied at a rate of 30 l/t, as result the yield of legumes was 1.4 t/ha higher in “Salomat” (standard) and 1.1 t/ha higher in the class “Mumtoz” than in the control variant (11.7 t/ha). When peanut varieties were supplemented with mineral fertilizers N150P150K100 kg/ha, and treated with Microzym-2 biostimulator before the sowing and during the flowering periods, 29.3 q/ha of “Salomat” variety and 33.2 q/ha of “Mumtoz” harvest were obtained. It was found that Microzym-2 biostimulator in sowing peanuts was cost-effective.

scholarly journals Yield, quality, antioxidants and elemental composition of peanut as affected by plant density and harvest time

Italus Hortus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Alessio Tallarita
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Area Unit

With the perspective of reintroducing peanut cultivation in southern Italy about six decades after its dismissal, research was carried out with the aim to identify the best performing farming management in terms of yield and quality. In this respect, the effect of the factorial combination between four plant densities (6.1, 7.8, 10.3, and 12.1 plants m-2) and two harvest times (100 and 110 days after planting) was assessed on pod and seed yield, as well as on seed quality, antioxidant activity, and elemental composition. The later harvest time determined a 26.9% dry weight increase, but a 14.3% decrease in the number of seeds per pod. Plant density significantly influenced all the yield and growth indices except for mean seed weight. Yield and growth of each plant were best affected by the lowest plant density, whereas the opposite trend was recorded for the same parameters referred to the surface area unit. The density of 12.1 plants m-2 resulted in a 32% reduction in pods per plant compared to 6.1 plants m-2, but had the greatest effect on seed production per m-2. The leaf area index was the highest with the density of 12.1 plants m-2. The total dry weight increased by 1.7-fold from 6.1 to 12.1 plants m-2. Compared to the first harvest time, in the second one the protein content decreased by 6.8%, and total polyphenols and antioxidant activity decreased by 11.2% and 7.6%, respectively. The second harvest time led to a depletion of N, P, and Mg, by 6.8%, 6.2%, and 6.8%, respectively, and a 7.1% Ca increase. The reintroduction of peanut cultivation in southern Italy is a realistic goal, though further studies regarding the crop system management are needed.

scholarly journals Influence of ice crust on frost resistance and survival of winter wheat in the Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
S. S. Yaroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Area Unit ◽  
Wintering Conditions

The features of the effect both separately and together of lapped ice crust and low temperatures on winter wheat plants was highlighted. During the research period (2017–2019), the plants of the Mudrist Odeska variety which were damaged by low temperature and ice crust began to ear by 3–6 days later than undamaged ones. It was found that under unfavorable wintering conditions, in particular in plots without snow, the plant density per area unit and productive tillering, as well as grain productivity of the crop, largely depended on the degree of winter hardiness of plants. After growing of winter wheat which was frozen in laboratory conditions (without lapped ice crust) at a temperature of -15 °C, all plants survived, when the temperature dropped to -18 °C, 16.3 % of plants died. A further drop in temperature to -21 °C caused the loss of 81.7 % of plants. Against the background of artificially created lapped ice crust, the tillering nodes of the winter wheat plant were more damaged and, accordingly, the survival rate of plants decreased compared to variants without lapped ice crust, and at a freezing temperature of -15 °C its indicators were 69.8–92.0 %; at a temperature of -18 °C – 12.6–74.5 % depending on the thickness of the ice crust. When the cryogenic load increased to -21 °C, winter wheat died under the ice crust. During the growing season, in variants of mineral nutrition with a dose of N60P60K60, the death of winter wheat shoots compared with the non-fertilized control variant was less by 4.9–23.1 %. The dynamics of the soluble carbohydrate content in the tillering nodes indicates that at the resumption of spring vegetation the minimum consumption of carbohydrates by plants (30.8% of autumn reserves) was observed in variants with N60P60K60 fertilization. In the plots without snow cover under the lapped ice crust, carbohydrates were intensively consumed by plants, as a result, their amount in the tillering nodes during the winter period decreased on non-fertilized and fertilized variants by 58.5 and 61.2 %, respectively. Key words: winter wheat, frost resistance, mineral fertilizers, ice crust, productivity, survival.

Formation of pea productivity depending on the elements of growing technology

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (91) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
V.S. Pylypenko ◽  
L.N. Honchar ◽  
S.M. Kalenska
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Seed Inoculation

Were described results of study effect of fertilizers and seed inoculation on productivity formation pea varieties with leafless morphotype of leaves on typical black soils of northern Forest-Steppe Right-Bank Ukraine. Research was conducted in 2014˗2016’s at field experiment at «Agronomic Research Station and in laboratory of analytical research in the department of Plant growing NULES of Ukraine. The purpose of the study was to determine the features of formation of efficiency of pea varieties with leaves whiskered morphotype depending on fertilizer and seed inoculation in the northern forest-steppe of the Right-Bank Ukraine. At the day of sowing pea seeds were treated by suspended biopreparation Ryzohumin and biological preparation Hetomik. Mineral fertilizers were applied according to the experimental scheme: on the D1-D6, options nitrogen fertilizers - in seedbed preparation, phosphorus-potassium - the main processing; on D7-D12 variants on the background of complete mineral fertilizer a foliar fertilizer. Was conducted feeding by the stages growth and development of plants BBCH 12−13, 55−59, 61−71. In average in years of study plant density of variety Tsarevych varied within 87,7−105,3 (without inoculation) and 91,7−109,3 (with inoculation) plants/m2. Variety Deviz showed the similar dependence and in experiment with­ out inoculation plants density was within 86,7−102,3 plants/m2 and depended from the variant of fertilization, in inoculating seeds − 90,7−106,3 plants/m2 respectively. Basing on the obtained data, we can note a positive effect of seed inoculation in conjunction with chemical fertilizer Hetomik on survival pea plants during the growing season. It was established that increasing in grain weight per plant significantly depends from feedings by nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers by the stages growth and development of plant, and inoculation of seeds. Thus, in variants of experiment, where was used seed inoculation and was conducted foliar feeding by nitrogen and phosphorus fertil­ izers (D7−D9) grain mass in variety Deviz at 1,32 g/plant exceeded variant D1 (without fertilizers), and in variety Tsarevych - at 1,18 g/plant respectively. With inoculation of seeds was increased number of beans on the plant – up to 7, 33 (D9) in variety Deviz and to 8, 67 (D2) pcs/plant in variety Tsarevych. The weight of grain from the plant at variety Deviz in variants D7–D9 exceeded variant D1 on 0‚83 g/plant, at variety Tsarevych on 0‚93 g /plant in variants without inoculation. The maxi­ mum yield at level 4‚99 tones/ha of variety Tsarevych and 4‚40 t /ha of variety Deviz was provided by combination of seeds inoculation and fertilizers. Found that optimal growth and development of pea plants variety Tsarevych was reach with application N30P90K90 (D6), and of variety Deviz – N30P60K60 (D12) with three foliar feedings at stages of growth and development of plants.

scholarly journals Impact of agrotechnical methods on improvement of sowing qualities of F1 seeds of sunflower hybrid Fakel on hybridization plot (report I)

2021 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
A.S. Bushnev ◽  
◽  
A.K. Gridnev ◽  
G.I. Orekhov ◽  
D.A. Kurilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
Field Germination ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
After Effect

The studies were carried out in 2020 at the "Berezanskoye" agricultural enterprise located in the Korenovsky district of the Krasnodar region. The aim of the research was to establish the possibility of improving the sowing qualities and yielding properties of the forming F1 seeds in the hybridization plot of a simple interline hybrid of sunflower Fakel. We studied the influence of various complexes of agrotechnical methods on plants of the maternal form of sunflower: application of the fertilizers, biological preparations and protection means against diseases and pests. The after-effect of the positive impact of the preparations was investigated in 2021 in a field experiment on studying the field germination of F1 seeds of the sunflower hybrid Fakel. It was found that during the formation of F1 seeds of the hybrid Fakel at the hybridization plot, the best results in terms of seed quality were obtained using a complex of fertilizers and chemical plant protection, where the highest values of the indicators of the yield structure were noted (diameter and formation of a head, seed amount per a head, 1000 seed weight, and volume weight). This made it possible in F1 to have lower losses of field germination for the formation of a scientifically based plant density. As a result of phytoexamination of grown seeds, it was revealed that the use of protective measures at the hybridization plot during the growing season of plants of the maternal form of the hybrid Fakel made it possible to increase the percentage of formed healthy seeds. The best data on the level of field germination of seeds were obtained when using biological plant protection and microbiological fertilizers at the hybridization plot. This ensured the smallest loss of germination at the scientifically grounded plant density of the hybrid Fakel in F1.

Productivity and quality of soybean seeds with different fertilization on podzolized chernozem

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
H.M. Hospodarenko ◽  
◽  
I.V. Prokopchuk ◽  
K. P. Leonova ◽  
V.P. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Different Doses

The productivity of agricultural crops is the most variable and integral indicator of their vital activity, which accumulates their genetic potential, soil fertility, weather conditions and components of agricultural technology. Soybean under optimal growing conditions (the reaction of the soil is close to neutral, sufficient phosphorus and potassium nutrition, the use of nitraginization) assimilates from the air about 70 % of the total nitrogen requirement. Therefore, it is believed that it is enough to apply only a starting dose of nitrogen fertilizers (20–40 kg/ha a. s.), to get a high yield with good indicators of grain quality. The results of studies of the influence of long-term (8 years) application of different doses and ratios of fertilizers in field crop rotation on podzolized chernozem in the conditions of the Right -Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the yield and quality of soybean seeds preceded by spring barley were presented. It was found that crop yields could be increased by 18–77 % owing to different doses, ratios and types of fertilizers. The highest indicators of seed yields for three years of the research (3,02 t/ha) were obtained under the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N110P60K80 per 1 ha of crop rotation area, including under soybean – N60P60K60. Exclusion of the nitrogen component from the complete fertilizer (N60P60K60) reduced its yield by 26 %, phosphorus – by 17, and potassium by 11 %. There was no significant decrease in soybean yield in the variant of the experiment with a decrease in the proportion of potassium in the composition of complete mineral fertilizer (N60P60K30) for three years of study. The largest mass of 1000 soybean seeds was formed at doses of N60К60 fertilizers, and their protein content — under the application of complete mineral fertilizer in doses of N60P60K60 and N60P60K30.

scholarly journals The Utilisation of Payment Models Across the HIV Continuum of Care: Systematic Review of Evidence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Rua ◽  
Daniela Brandão ◽  
Vanessa Nicolau ◽  
Ana Escoval
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Continuum Of Care ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Payment Models

AbstractThe increasing chronicity and multimorbidities associated with people living with HIV have posed important challenges to health systems across the world. In this context, payment models hold the potential to improve care across a spectrum of clinical conditions. This study aims to systematically review the evidence of HIV performance-based payments models. Literature searches were conducted in March 2020 using multiple databases and manual searches of relevant papers. Papers were limited to any study design that considers the real-world utilisation of performance-based payment models applied to the HIV domain. A total of 23 full-text papers were included. Due to the heterogeneity of study designs, the multiple types of interventions and its implementation across distinct areas of HIV care, direct comparisons between studies were deemed unsuitable. Most evidence focused on healthcare users (83%), seeking to directly affect patients' behaviour based on principles of behavioural economics. Despite the variability between interventions, the implementation of performance-based payment models led to either a neutral or positive impact throughout the HIV care continuum. Moreover, this improvement was likely to be cost-effective or, at least, did not compromise the healthcare system’s financial sustainability. However, more research is needed to assess the durability of incentives and its appropriate relative magnitude.

scholarly journals A Reference Framework to Combine Model-Based Design and AR to Improve Social Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2031
Author(s):  
Fabio Grandi ◽  
Riccardo Karim Khamaisi ◽  
Margherita Peruzzini ◽  
Roberto Raffaeli ◽  
Marcello Pellicciari
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Digital Contents ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Virtual Simulations ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Time Information

Product and process digitalization is pervading numerous areas in the industry to improve quality and reduce costs. In particular, digital models enable virtual simulations to predict product and process performances, as well as to generate digital contents to improve the general workflow. Digital models can also contain additional contents (e.g., model-based design (MBD)) to provide online and on-time information about process operations and management, as well as to support operator activities. The recent developments in augmented reality (AR) offer new specific interfaces to promote the great diffusion of digital contents into industrial processes, thanks to flexible and robust applications, as well as cost-effective devices. However, the impact of AR applications on sustainability is still poorly explored in research. In this direction, this paper proposed an innovative approach to exploit MBD and introduce AR interfaces in the industry to support human intensive processes. Indeed, in those processes, the human contribution is still crucial to guaranteeing the expected product quality (e.g., quality inspection). The paper also analyzed how this new concept can benefit sustainability and define a set of metrics to assess the positive impact on sustainability, focusing on social aspects.

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