Associations of endothelial biomarkers, nitric oxide metabolites and endothelin, with blood pressure and coronary lesions depend on cardiovascular risk and sex to mark endothelial dysfunction on the SCORE scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda G. Gumanova ◽  
Alexander U. Gorshkov ◽  
Marina V. Klimushina ◽  
Alexander Y. Kots
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Coronary Lesions ◽  
Circulating Levels

AbstractObjectivesEndothelial dysfunction contributes to the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases. However, direct associations of vasoactive mediators with cardiovascular risk are poorly understood.MethodsWe have determined associations of circulating levels of stable metabolites of nitric oxide, nitrate and nitrite (NOx), endothelin-1, and the endothelin-1/NOx ratio with blood pressure in 177 asymptomatic subjects without signs of coronary atherosclerosis; associations with blood pressure and with presence of coronary lesions were also evaluated in 457 patients suspected to have coronary heart disease with or without coronary lesions confirmed by coronary angiography. All participants were on a low nitrate diet 24 h prior to blood sampling.ResultsIn men, NOx levels were inversely correlated with blood pressure similar to women with low (0–4%) European Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation (SCORE). However, the correlation was not significant in women with high SCORE (5–8%). High systolic blood pressure over 140 mm Hg was negatively associated with NOx levels in asymptomatic men (p=0.05) but not in women. This association is disrupted in male and female patients with coronary atherosclerosis. In male patients, NOx (p=0.05), endothelin (p=0.01), and the endothelin/NOx ratio (p=0.04) were associated with presence of coronary lesions.ConclusionsThus, elevated cardiovascular risk according to SCORE over 4% in asymptomatic women, but not in men, is associated with a shift in markers of endothelial dysfunction. Presence of coronary lesions in patients is associated with significant changes in circulating levels of markers of endothelial dysfunction in men but not in women.

scholarly journals Periodic Assessment Of Antenatal And Post Natal Serum Endothelin1 and Nitric Oxide Levels In Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidayatul Radziah Ismawi ◽  
Tariq Abdul Razaq ◽  
Maizura Mohd. Zainudin ◽  
Nur Jasmine Aida Jamani
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Potent Vasoconstrictor

Introduction: Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy (HDP) is an independent risk factor of cardiovascular (CVS) disease with persistent endothelial dysfunction, that occurs after the initial insult during pregnancy and persists post partum postulated to be the pathophysiology. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor, has been identified as a pivotal mediator in both essential hypertension and HDP. Disturbances in Nitric Oxide (NO) bioavailability found in endothelial dysfunction may increase susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. Materials and Methods: Thirty six pregnant women at 30-36 weeks period of gestation from the following categories (i) pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) (ii) chronic hypertension during pregnancy (CH) and (iii) normal pregnant women (Control). Blood pressure indices measurements and sample collection was done at antepartum (30-36 weeks), post partum (8 weeks and 12 weeks). Endothelin-1 was measured using the Human ET-1 (Endothelin-1) ELISA Kit and serum NO was measured using the Nitric Oxide (total) detection kit. Results: All blood pressure indices were significantly higher in HDP patients compared to control during antenatal and post partum periods. Serum ET-1 was significantly higher in patients with HDP compared to control during antenatal until 3 months post partum. This was accompanied by significantly lower levels of serum NO in HDP patients. Conclusion: ET-1 levels in patients with history of HDP irrespective of post partum blood pressure contributes to persistent endothelial dysfunction.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and their Relationship with Endothelial Dysfunction in Rural and Urban South African Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna N. Matjuda ◽  
Godwill Azeh Engwa ◽  
Samuel Nkeh Chungag Anye ◽  
Benedicta N. Nkeh Chungag ◽  
Nandu Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Urban Settings ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Rural And Urban

Abstract Background: Endothelial dysfunction is known to be an initiator to the development and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is paucity o knowledge on its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors in children. More so, some of these cardiovascular risk factors are known to be influenced by feeding habits and life style changes which often vary between rural and urban settings. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and endothelial function in rural and urban children. Methods: A cross-sectional study on 6-9 years old children in randomly selected rural and urban schools of the Eastern Cape Province of South Arica was conducted. General anthropometric indices were measured followed by blood pressure (BP) measurements. The pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured using a Vicorder. Urine sample was collected for the determination of albumin, creatinine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), 8-hydroxy-2deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). Albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) was calculated.Results: Children from urban settings (10.8%) had a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity than their rural counterparts (8.5%) while the prevalence of elevated/high blood pressure was higher in rural children (23.2%) than in urban children (19.0%). Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) significantly (p<0.005) increased with increasing quartiles of PWV. ADMA positively associated with HR in rural girls and showed a weak risk for elevated SBP and MAP. Body mass index (BMI) increased with increasing PWV and predicted endothelial dysfunction. 8-OHdG significantly (p<0.005) increased with increasing quartiles of ADMA and positively correlated with ADMA. Creatinine, albumin and ACR significantly (p<0.005) increased with increasing ADMA and ADMA associated positively with creatinine. Conclusion: Endothelial dysfunction was associated with obesity, high blood pressure, oxidative stress and microalbuminuria in children, and this relationship varied between rural and urban children.

scholarly journals Altered Bioavailability of Nitric Oxide and L-Arginine Is a Key Determinant of Endothelial Dysfunction in Preeclampsia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Worlanyo Tashie ◽  
Linda Ahenkorah Fondjo ◽  
William K. B. A. Owiredu ◽  
Richard K. D. Ephraim ◽  
Listowell Asare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Significant Positive Association

Background. Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Evidence indicates that endothelial dysfunction is central to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. This study assessed the level of the components of the arginine-nitric oxide pathway to evaluate endothelial dysfunction in normotensive pregnancies and pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia. Methods. This case-control study was conducted among pregnant women who visited Comboni Hospital from January 2017 to May 2018. A total of 180 pregnant women comprising 88 preeclamptic women (PE) and 92 healthy normotensive pregnant women (NP) were recruited. Sociodemographic, clinical, and obstetric data were obtained using validated questionnaires. Blood pressure and anthropometrics were measured, and blood samples were collected for the estimation of nitric oxide (NO∙), L-arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and 3-nitrotyrosine using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results. The mean NO∙ ( p = 0.010 ) and L-arginine/ADMA ratio ( p < 0.0001 ) was significantly lower in PE compared to NP while mean L-arginine ( p = 0.034 ), ADMA ( p < 0.0001 ), and 3-nitrotyrosine ( p < 0.0001 ) were significantly higher in PE than NP. ADMA showed a significant positive association with systolic blood pressure ( β = 0.454 , p = 0.036 ) in severe PE. Women with PE had significant intrauterine growth restriction ( p < 0.0001 ) and low birth weight infants ( p < 0.0001 ) when compared to NP. Conclusion. Preeclampsia is associated with reduced NO∙ bioavailability, L-arginine/ADMA ratio, and elevated levels of ADMA and 3-nitrotyrosine. Measurements of the levels of these parameters can help in the early prediction of endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia. Exogenous therapeutic supplementation with L-arginine during pregnancy to increase the L-arginine/ADMA ratio should be considered to improve endothelial function in preeclampsia and pregnant women at risk of developing preeclampsia.

scholarly journals APPL1 Counteracts Obesity-Induced Vascular Insulin Resistance and Endothelial Dysfunction by Modulating the Endothelial Production of Nitric Oxide and Endothelin-1 in Mice

Diabetes ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 3044-3054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Kenneth K.Y. Cheng ◽  
Karen S.L. Lam ◽  
Donghai Wu ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelin 1

Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Hospitalized Patients with Hypertension Aged 40 and Over

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Joana I. Simeonova ◽  
Snejanka T. Tisheva-Gospodinova ◽  
Yoana M. Todorova ◽  
Petkana A. Hristova ◽  
Asia N. Yanakieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

SummaryThe aim of the cross-sectional study was to estimate the absolute 10-year risk for fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with hypertension by Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation (SCORE). The study was carried out in 2016 as part of Project No 4/2016. Ninety-one patients aged 40-89 years were included. The mean age of the sample was 66.0±11.0, and 44.0% were males. Information of the patients’ risk profile included about age, gender, blood pressure, smoking and total cholesterol. The patients with hypertension were stratified according to a 10-year absolute risk of CVD. Data were processed by Statistical Package for Social Science versions 19.0 (SPSS.v.19.0). Over two-thirds of the patients had 1 stage hypertension (31.9%) and 2 stage hypertension (37.4%). Median systolic blood pressure on admission to the clinics was 160 mg Hg, and median diastolic blood pressure was 90 mm Hg. Total serum cholesterol values exceeded 4.9 mmol/L in 64.0% of the patients. Smokers accounted for about one-fourth of the patients, most of them having smoked for 40 years. The mean number of risk factors for CVD was 3.0. Over 65% of the patients were found to be at a very high 10-year absolute risk of fatal CVD by SCORE. Cardiovascular risk assessment has important role in prevention of morbidity, premature death and disability of CVD.

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