COVID-19 pandemic and potential of artificial intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Bhonsale ◽  
Ashok Kumar Ahirwar ◽  
Kirti Kaim ◽  
Puja Kumari Jha
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Free Data ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Disease Analysis ◽  
Potential Tool

Abstract Objective To evaluate the potential of artificial intelligence in combating COVID-19 pandemic. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched for the term “Artificial intelligence and COVID-19” up to March 31, 2021. Results Artificial intelligence (AI) is a potential tool to contain the current pandemic. AI can be used in many fields such as early detection and respective diagnosis, supervision of treatment, projection of cases and mortality, contact tracing of individuals, development of drugs and vaccines, reduces workload on health workers, prevention of disease, analysis of mental health of people amid pandemic. Conclusions AI is being updated and being improved, second by second to be able to interpret like actual human minds. This advancement in AI may lead to a completely different future of COVID-19 pandemic where most of the simpler works may be done by AI and only essential works could be done by health workers in order to increase patient care in current scenario of COVID-19 outbreak. But again one of the main constraint is of limited trustworthy and noise free sources of information. So the need for the hour is to make a free data system where most of the analysed data could be available to feed AI, which could effectively halt the current pandemic.

Ethical and Moral Obligations Arising From Revelations of Pharmaceutical Company Dissembling

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Gottstein
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Pharmaceutical Company ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Mental Health Workers ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Ethical Obligation ◽  
The Past

The past few years have seen an accelerating series of revelations that the sources of information prescribers of psychotropic medication and other mental health workers have relied on has been corrupted by pervasive pharmaceutical company dissembling. This article discusses the ethical obligations of psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers that may arise from these revelations. The conclusion is that psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers have not only the ethical obligation to change the information they are providing clients/patients and other decision makers but also the ethical obligation to insist that this dissembling no longer be tolerated and to hold their leadership accountable.

Systematic literature review of the use of lay support models in postnatal depression

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1105-1105
Author(s):  
C.L. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Lay Health Workers ◽  
Community Group

AimsGrowing interest has been shown in the use of peers as lay health workers in maternal healthcare. This review aimed to examine published evidence on the effectiveness of lay support models for the management of postnatal depression (PND).MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of interventions conducted by lay health workers in postnatal women, published between 1980 and August 2010. The search revealed seven studies, totaling 16,095 participants, which reported outcomes in PND and mothers’ mental health/self-esteem.ResultsThe value of lay support models depends on the intervention type and the population targeted. Telephone based peer support, for women identified as high-risk for PND, showed a statistically significant reduction in Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scores at 12 weeks. Universal provision of peer mentoring has been shown to significantly improve self-esteem at one year postpartum, but no studies have shown statistical significance on PND or mental health outcomes (measured by EPDS/SF-36). In poor populations, women's groups led by peer facilitators have been shown to reduce moderate depression by 57%, compared to controls. However, another study, which evaluated community group support showed a low uptake (19%) resulting in no statistical significance. Similarly there was no significant improvement in PND with self-help manuals, despite one study reporting favorable feedback.ConclusionsThere is some evidence from RCTs that high-risk groups and specific demographics can benefit from targeted peer support. However, no particular model can be strongly recommended, and further research is required.

scholarly journals Perceived sources of occupational burn-out and embitterment among front-line health workers for COVID-19 control in Gyeonggi province, South Korea: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2021-107635
Author(s):  
Bee-Ah Kang ◽  
Sijoung Kwon ◽  
Myoungsoon You ◽  
Heeyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Organisational Support ◽  
Burn Out

ObjectivesFront-line health workers (FHWs) for COVID-19 control in South Korea have implemented a labour-intensive contact tracing programme, which places them at high risk for mental health problems. However, a few studies have examined mental health conditions in this population. We employed a qualitative approach to understand the factors perceived as causes of burn-out and embitterment among temporary FHWs to provide recommendations for supporting the workforce.MethodsWe recruited 20 FHWs to participate in semistructured focus group interviews through purposive sampling. The sample size was determined on the basis of data saturation. We collected data from October to November 2020, audiorecording and transcribing the interviews. Data analysis was conducted manually, applying the principles of grounded theory.ResultsFive levels of perceived sources of occupational burn-out and embitterment emerged. FHWs showed considerable mistrust of patients and faced ethical dilemmas in accessing and disclosing personal information. Poor collaboration with community health centre workers and interested parties as well as inadequate organisational support aggravated their conditions. Lack of social recognition and employment instability also presented challenges for FHWs’ mental health.ConclusionsThe current pandemic response system imposes great moral and emotional burdens on the workforce, prompting the need for initiatives to safeguard the values and needs of those who represent the backbone of the system. This study suggests that multilevel strategies, including providing organisational support and establishing contingency plans for workforce management and resource distribution, may improve FHWs’ mental health outcomes as well as the health system for emergency preparedness.

Reducing Burnout Among Mental Health Workers

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Geurts ◽  
W. Schaufeli ◽  
J De Jonge
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Mental Health Workers

Fostering Resilience in Response to Terrorism Among Mental Health Workers

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen W. Saakvitne ◽  
◽  
B. Hudnall Stamm ◽  
Laura Barbanel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Mental Health Workers

Telepsychiatry for the Rohingya refugees (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanjir Rashid Soron
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Need

UNSTRUCTURED Though health and shelter are two basic human rights, millions of refugees around the world are deprived of these basic needs. Moreover, the mental health need is one of least priority issues for the refugees. Bangladesh a developing country in the Southeast Asia where the health system is fragile and the sudden influx of thousands of Rohingya put the system in a more critical situation. It is beyond the capacity of the country to provide the minimum mental health care using existing resource. However, the refuges need immediate and extensive mental health care as the trauma, torture and being uprooted from homeland makes them vulnerable for various mental. Telepsychiatry (using technology for mental health service) opened a new window to provide mental health service for them. Mobile phone opened several options to reach to the refugees, screen them with mobile apps, connect them with self-help apps and system, track their symptoms, provide distance intervention and train the frontline health workers about the primary psychological supports. The social networking sites give the opportunity to connect the refugees with experts, create peer support group and provide interventions. Bangladesh can explore and can use the telepsychiatry to provide mental health service to the rohingya people.

A fully automated conversational agent with artificial intelligence capabilities (Youper) for treating depression and anxiety: A nonrandomized feasibility trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Hamilton Vargas ◽  
Thiago Antonio Marafon ◽  
Diego Fernando Couto ◽  
Ricardo Giglio ◽  
Marvin Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Feasibility Trial ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Conversational Agents ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Viable Solution

BACKGROUND Mental health conditions, including depression and anxiety disorders, are significant global concerns. Many people with these conditions don't get the help they need because of the high costs of medical treatment and the stigma attached to seeking help. Digital technologies represent a viable solution to these challenges. However, these technologies are often characterized by relatively low adherence and their effectiveness largely remains empirical unverified. While digital technologies may represent a viable solution for this persisting problem, they often lack empirical support for their effectiveness and are characterized by relatively low adherence. Conversational agents using artificial intelligence capabilities have the potential to offer a cost-effective, low-stigma and engaging way of getting mental health care. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of Youper, a mobile application that utilizes a conversational interface and artificial intelligence capabilities to deliver cognitive behavioral therapy-based interventions to reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety in adults. METHODS 1,012 adults with symptoms of depression and anxiety participated in a real-world setting study, entirely remotely, unguided and with no financial incentives, over an 8-week period. Participants completed digital versions of the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) at baseline, 2, 4, and 8 weeks. RESULTS After the eight-week study period, depression (PHQ-9) scores of participants decreased by 48% while anxiety (GAD-7) scores decreased by 43%. The RCI was outside 2 standard deviations for 93.0% of the individuals in the PHQ-9 assessment and 90.7% in the GAD-7 assessment. Participants were on average 24.79 years old (SD 7.61) and 77% female. On average, participants interacted with Youper 0.9 (SD 1.56) times per week. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that Youper is a feasible, acceptable, and effective intervention for adults with depression and anxiety. CLINICALTRIAL Since this study involved a nonclinical population, it wasn't registered in a public trials registry.

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