Certain Actions from the Functional Movement Screen Do Not Provide an Indication of Dynamic Stability

AbstractDynamic stability is an essential physical component for team sport athletes. Certain Functional Movement Screen (FMS) exercises (deep squat; left- and right-leg hurdle step; left- and right-leg in-line lunge [ILL]; left- and right-leg active straight-leg raise; and trunk stability push-up [TSPU]) have been suggested as providing an indication of dynamic stability. No research has investigated relationships between these screens and an established test of dynamic stability such as the modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT), which measures lower-limb reach distance in posteromedial, medial, and anteromedial directions, in team sport athletes. Forty-one male and female team sport athletes completed the screens and the mSEBT. Participants were split into high-, intermediate-, and low-performing groups according to the mean of the excursions when both the left and right legs were used for the mSEBT stance. Any between-group differences in the screens and mSEBT were determined via a one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc adjustment (p < 0.05). Data was pooled for a correlation analysis (p < 0.05). There were no between-group differences in any of the screens, and only two positive correlations between the screens and the mSEBT (TSPU and right stance leg posteromedial excursion, r = 0.37; left-leg ILL and left stance leg posteromedial excursion, r = 0.46). The mSEBT clearly indicated participants with different dynamic stability capabilities. In contrast to the mSEBT, the selected FMS exercises investigated in this study have a limited capacity to identify dynamic stability in team sport athletes.

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Injury History, Sex, and Performance on the Functional Movement Screen and Y Balance Test

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-49.6.02 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

pp. 475-485 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Nicole J. Chimera ◽

Craig A. Smith ◽

Meghan Warren

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Movement Pattern ◽

Shoulder Surgery ◽

Functional Movement Screen ◽

Balance Test ◽

Functional Movement ◽

Clearing Test ◽

Deep Squat ◽

Straight Leg Raise

ContextResearch is limited regarding the effects of injury or surgery history and sex on the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and Y Balance Test (YBT).ObjectiveTo determine if injury or surgery history or sex affected results on the FMS and YBT.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingAthletic training facilities.Patients or Other ParticipantsA total of 200 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I female (n = 92; age = 20.0 ± 1.4 years, body mass index = 22.8 ± 3.1 kg/m2) and male (n = 108; age = 20.0 ± 1.5 years, body mass index = 27.0 ± 4.6 kg/m2) athletes were screened; 170 completed the FMS, and 190 completed the YBT.Intervention(s)A self-reported questionnaire identified injury or surgery history and sex. The FMS assessed movement during the patterns of deep squat, hurdle step, in-line lunge, shoulder mobility, impingement-clearing test, straight-leg raise, trunk stability push-up, press-up clearing test, rotary stability, and posterior-rocking clearing test. The YBT assessed balance while participants reached in anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions.Main Outcome Measure(s)The FMS composite score (CS; range, 0–21) and movement pattern score (range, 0–3), the YBT CS (% lower extremity length), and YBT anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral asymmetry (difference between limbs in centimeters). Independent-samples t tests established differences in mean FMS CS, YBT CS, and YBT asymmetry. The Mann-Whitney U test identified differences in FMS movement patterns.ResultsWe found lower overall FMS CSs for the following injuries or surgeries: hip (injured = 12.7 ± 3.1, uninjured = 14.4 ± 2.3; P = .005), elbow (injured = 12.1 ± 2.8, uninjured = 14.3 ± 2.4; P = .02), and hand (injured = 12.3 ± 2.9, uninjured = 14.3 ± 2.3; P = .006) injuries and shoulder surgery (surgery = 12.0 ± 1.0, no surgery = 14.3 ± 2.4; P < .001). We observed worse FMS movement pattern performance for knee surgery (rotary stability: P = .03), hip injury (deep squat and hurdle: P < .042 for both), hip surgery (hurdle and lunge: P < .01 for both), shoulder injury (shoulder and hand injury: P < .02 for both), and shoulder surgery (shoulder: P < .02). We found better FMS movement pattern performance for trunk/back injury (deep squat: P = .02) and ankle injury (lunge: P = .01). Female athletes performed worse in FMS movement patterns for trunk (P < .001) and rotary (P = .01) stability but better in the lunge (P = .008), shoulder mobility (P < .001), and straight-leg raise (P < .001). Anterior asymmetry was greater for male athletes (P = .02).ConclusionsInjury history and sex affected FMS and YBT performance. Researchers should consider adjusting for confounders.

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FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN (FMS) SEBAGAI TES MOBILITAS, KESEIMBANGAN, DAN STABILITAS ATLET PASCA CEDERA

Jurnal Wahana Pendidikan ◽

10.25157/wa.v6i2.2966 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Hendra Rustiawan ◽

Ruli Sugiawardana ◽

Muhammad Nurzaman

Keyword(s):

Functional Movement Screen ◽

Strength And Conditioning ◽

Functional Movement ◽

Trunk Stability ◽

Deep Squat ◽

Straight Leg Raise ◽

Push Up

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi tentang instrument test yang berfungsi untuk mengukur komponen kondisi fisik mobilitas, keseimbangan, dan stabilitas atlet yang mengalami atau yang sudah pernah terkena cedera otot dan tulang sendi. Komponen tes FMS terdiri dari in-line lunge, hurdle step, deep squat, shoulder mobility, active straight-leg raise, trunk stability push-up, rotary stability Berbagai hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) adanya hubungan antara atlet yang mengalami cedera otot dengan tes FMS, (2) tidak adanya hubungan, dan (3) adanya hubungan yang signifikan pada atlet yang mengalami cedera terhadap mobilitas, keseimbangan, dan stabilitas yang diukur dengan FMS, dan (4) adanya pengaruh tes tersebut akan tetapi dengan sampel tertentu (usia). Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahwa perlunya dilakukan penelitian ulang dengan memperhatikan berbagai aspek (usia, jenis kelamin, dan profesi). Hal tersebut diharapkan FMS dapat digunakan pada penelitian kondisi fisik (strength and conditioning)

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RISK OF SPORTS-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES AMONG ELITE WOMEN BASKETBALL PLAYERS ACCORDING TO POSITION ON THE COURT AND SPORT RESULTS

Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences ◽

10.33607/bjshs.v1i100.46 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (100) ◽

pp. 47-54

Author(s):

Saulė Salatkaitė ◽

Toma Garbenytė Apolinskienė ◽

Laimonas Šiupšinskas ◽

Alma Kajėnienė ◽

Rimtautas Gudas

Keyword(s):

Physical Examination ◽

Dynamic Stability ◽

Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽

The Body ◽

Functional Movement Screen ◽

Physical Fatigue ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Balance Test ◽

Functional Movement ◽

The Right

Background. Basketball is a popular sport around the world, the number of players is growing, the probability to experience trauma is increasing, too. Studies have shown that women sustain 60% more injuries than men do. Pre- season physical examination helps to establish sports specific changes in the body of the athlete and to determine risk factors for training, competition, which cause injury to the players. Research aim was to analyse risk of non-contact musculoskeletal injuries in elite women basketball players according to the position on the court. Methods. The study involved 100 players in Lithuanian women basketball league who completed the questionnaire about the level of physical fatigue, performed Lower Quarter Y Balance Test™ and Functional Movement Screen ™ tests during pre-season physical examination in 2014. Data were analysed and compared according to player’s position on the court (guards and forwards). Results. The level of physical fatigue during pre-season period was low in both groups. Dynamic stability of the right leg was better in guards (composite score – 105.2 to 101.8 in forwards) while dynamic stability of the left leg remained the same in both groups. Guards had higher total scores in Functional Movement Screen™ tests pointing to the better quality of basic functional movement patterns. Conclusions. The guard’s playing efficiency during the season was higher than that of forwards and it was associated with better dynamic stability and higher level of physical fatigue at pre-season. Indirect indicators of non-contact musculoskeletal sport injuries showed that guards should have lower risk of non-contact sport-related injuries in women basketball.

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Prevalence of Movement Dysfunction in Female Collegiate Dancers

Journal of Dance Medicine & Science ◽

10.12678/1089-313x.061521j ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Brett M. Kautzmann ◽

James B. Kase ◽

Cheryl A. Coker

Keyword(s):

Injury Risk ◽

Movement Patterns ◽

Movement Pattern ◽

Normative Values ◽

Functional Movement Screen ◽

Functional Movement ◽

Deep Squat ◽

Straight Leg Raise ◽

The Relationship ◽

Risk Potential

The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is a screening instrument developed to identify basic movement dysfunctions that may increase musculoskeletal injury risk potential. To date there are no published normative values for the FMS in dancers; consequently, this study sought to establish those values in addition to identifying the prevalence and nature of movement dysfunction in collegiate dancers. The functional movement proficiency of 111 collegiate dancers was determined using the FMS, which provides three variables of interest: 1. FMS total score, 2. number of asymmetries (unequal performance of right and left sides), and 3. number of movement pattern dysfunctions. Total FMS scores ranged from 11 to 20 out of 21 possible points, with a mean of 16.42 (SD = 1.72). Forty-four percent of dancers presented with one or more asymmetries and 43% demonstrated one or more dysfunctional movement patterns. The active straight-leg raise was the most proficiently performed movement pattern, while the deep squat, hurdle step, and rotary stability were the least proficient. Functional Movement Screen outcome scores indicated that dysfunctional movement patterns and asymmetries exist in collegiate dancers. Additional research is needed to establish normative FMS scores for the different genres and levels of dance and establish the relationship between FMS scores and injury risk potential, and if that relationship is established, determine the efficacy of the FMS to develop intervention programs for injury prevention.

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Association Between Functional Movement Screen Scores and Injuries in Male College Basketball Players

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2017-0351 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 621-625 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kanako Shimoura ◽

Yasuaki Nakayama ◽

Yuto Tashiro ◽

Takayuki Hotta ◽

Yusuke Suzuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Group Differences ◽

Functional Movement Screen ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Functional Movement ◽

College Basketball ◽

Logistic Analysis ◽

Male College ◽

Deep Squat ◽

The Relationship ◽

Multivariate Logistic Analysis

Context: The functional movement screen (FMS) is an assessment tool for movement dysfunction, which is used to reduce the risk of injury. Although the relationship between the FMS composite score and injuries has been extensively studied, the association between FMS scores and injuries in only college basketball players remains unknown. Objective: To examine the relationship between the FMS score and injuries in basketball players. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: University research laboratory. Participants: Eighty-one male college basketball players (average age 20.1 [1.3] y) participated. Main Outcome Measures: The FMS composite score was calculated from 7 movement tests. The incidence of injuries over a 1-year period prior to the test day was determined based on a questionnaire. Individuals were categorized into 2 groups: injury (with a serious basketball-related injury resulting in the loss of practice and game time for at least 4 wk) and noninjury groups. Mann–Whitney U and chi-square tests were used to evaluate group differences in the composite FMS and 7 movement scores, respectively. Furthermore, the scores significant on univariate analyses were submitted to a multivariate logistic analysis, adjusting for participant characteristics. Results: The composite FMS scores of the 2 groups were not significantly different (P = .38). Among the 7 tasks, only the deep squat and hurdle step showed significant group differences (P = .03 and P = .001, respectively). The multivariate logistic analysis revealed that deep squat (odds ratio, 6.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.23–34.01; P = .03) and hurdle step scores (odds ratio, 25.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.81–368.73; P = .02) were significantly associated with injuries, even after adjustment for participant characteristics. Conclusions: Deep squat and hurdle step scores may be associated with injuries in basketball players. Further research should be conducted to confirm that these 2 scores can predict the incidence of injuries in basketball players.

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The Relationship between Unilateral Dynamic Stability and Multidirectional Jump Performance in Team Sport Athletes

Sport Science Review ◽

10.1515/ssr-2015-0022 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (5-6) ◽

pp. 321-344

Author(s):

Robert G. Lockie ◽

Farzad Jalilvand ◽

Corrin A. Jordan ◽

Samuel J. Callaghan ◽

Matthew D. Jeffriess ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Stability ◽

Team Sport ◽

Lower Body ◽

Balance Test ◽

Jump Performance ◽

Lateral Jumps ◽

Left And Right ◽

The Right ◽

The Relationship ◽

One Way Anova

AbstractThis study investigated relationships between dynamic stability and multidirectional jumping. A modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT), incorporating unilateral lower-body reaching in posteromedial, medial, and anteromedial directions, assessed dynamic stability. Unilateral vertical (VJ), standing broad (SBJ) and lateral jumps (LJ) assessed leg power. VJ power and relative SBJ and LJ distances were calculated. Thirty-two team sport athletes completed the mSEBT when each leg was used for stance, and left- and right-leg VJ, SBJ, and LJ. Correlations were drawn between data recorded from each leg when used for mSEBT stance and for each jump. Participants were dichotomized into better and lesser dynamic stability groups according to the sum of excursions for each leg. A one-way ANOVA determined mSEBT and jump differences (p< 0.05). The left-leg posteromedial and medial excursions correlated with VJ power; the medial excursion correlated with the LJ. The right-leg posteromedial excursion correlated with the SBJ; the anteromedial excursion correlated with the SBJ, and relative SBJ and LJ (r = 0.35-0.45). There were no differences in unilateral jumping between the better and lesser groups. Although there is some relationship with dynamic stability, this study further highlighted the complex interaction between the physical and technical characteristics of multidirectional jumping.

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The Level of the Functional Movement Screen Among Traditional Dancers

Asian Social Science ◽

10.5539/ass.v17n11p103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (11) ◽

pp. 103

Author(s):

Segar A/L A. Maniveloo ◽

Borhannudin Abdullah ◽

Shamsulariffin Samsudin

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Rotational Stability ◽

Functional Movement Screen ◽

Stability Tests ◽

Functional Movement ◽

Risk Of Injury ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Difference ◽

Deep Squat

Movement assessments are commonly used to assess athlete’s risk of injury as well as basic and specific skill movement patterns; however, dance is identified to be differing from sports because the average dancer’s training load is higher than the athletes. This study aims to identify the difference in the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) level among traditional dancers in Malaysia. A quasi-experimental study design was adopted, which involved 66 dancers (M = 33; F = 33). The study comprised traditional dancers from three ethnic backgrounds, namely, Malay, Chinese and Indian. The descriptive analysis described the level of the dancers’ FMS, as follows: Malay (M = 16.18, SD = 2.062), Chinese (M = 18.50, SD = 1.102), Indian (M = 18.23, SD = 1.445). The ANOVA analysis found a significant difference in the FMS scores among all three groups of dancers, F (2,63) = 14.026, p >.000. The deep squat, hurdle step, shoulder mobility, active straight leg raise and trunk stability tests for push-up indicated a significant difference, whereas the inline lunges test and rotational stability tests showed no significance difference. However, the Post Hoc analysis showed no significant difference between the Chinese and Indian dancers. It can be concluded that there is a difference in FMS scores between Malay, Chinese and Indian dancers. FMS may be a useful tool to help identify dancers about the risk of injury and improve their movement quality.

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Risiko-Screening im Handballsport – Welche funktionellen Tests sind sinnvoll?

Sportverletzung · Sportschaden ◽

10.1055/a-0624-4221 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (03) ◽

pp. 187-195

Author(s):

Christoph Hainc Scheller ◽

Matthias Keller ◽

Eduard Kurz

Keyword(s):

Composite Score ◽

High Threshold ◽

Functional Movement Screen ◽

Balance Test ◽

Functional Movement ◽

Hop Tests ◽

Hop Test ◽

Low Threshold ◽

Test Side

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Ein Weg zur optimierten Verletzungsprophylaxe ist der Einsatz funktioneller Testbatterien im Sport. Auf Basis dieser Ergebnisse können korrigierende Übungen empfohlen werden, mit dem Ziel die Defizite zu beheben. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, Ergebnisse ausgewählter funktioneller Tests mit dem Auftreten von Verletzungen bei jugendlichen Handballspielern zu vergleichen. Material und Methoden An dieser Studie nahmen 31 Spieler aus den Nachwuchsmannschaften eines Handballbundesligisten teil. Vor Beginn der Rückrunde absolvierten alle Spieler den Functional-Movement-Screen, Y-Balance-Test, Front-Hop-Test, Side-Hop-Test und Square-Hop-Test. Alle Verletzungen, die nach der Testung aufgetreten sind, wurden bis zum Abschluss der Saison dokumentiert. Ergebnisse Innerhalb des Untersuchungszeitraums wurden 4 Nicht-Kontakt-Verletzungen und 4 Kontakt-Verletzungen registriert. Spieler, die eine Nicht-Kontakt-Verletzung erlitten haben, zeigten im Side-Hop-Test eine Seitensymmetrie von 78 % (Unverletzte und Kontakt-Verletzungen > 85 %) und im Y-Balance-Test einen Composite-Score von 87 % (Unverletzte und Kontakt-Verletzungen > 90 %). Für den Functional-Movement-Screen, die Front- und Square-Hop-Tests konnten keine deutlichen Unterschiede zwischen verletzten und unverletzten Spielern festgestellt werden. Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie weisen darauf hin, dass innerhalb von Funktionsuntersuchungen im Handball neben Low-Threshold-Tests auch Testverfahren aus dem High-Threshold-Bereich angewendet werden sollten. Besonders geeignet für Handballsportler scheinen nach den Erfahrungen dieser Untersuchung der Y-Balance-Test und der Side-Hop-Test zu sein.

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Accuracy of Functional Movement Screen Deep Squat Scoring and the Influence of Optimized Scoring Criteria: A 3-Dimensional Kinematic Approach

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2019-0041 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 55-61

Author(s):

Eric P. Scibek ◽

Matthew F. Moran ◽

Susan L. Edmond

Keyword(s):

Physical Therapist ◽

Body Movement ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Athletic Trainer ◽

Functional Movement Screen ◽

Exercise Science ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Functional Movement ◽

Deep Squat ◽

Science Professional

Context: The deep squat (DS) test is a component of the functional movement screen, which is used to assess the quality of fundamental movement patterns; however, the accuracy of the DS has not been studied. The DS is a complex, total body movement pattern with evaluation required at several points along the kinematic chain. Objective: To assess the accuracy of DS scoring by an athletic trainer, physical therapist, and exercise science professional via a comparative analysis with kinematic data (KD) and to identify scoring criteria that would improve agreement between raters and KD scores. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Motion analysis laboratory. Participants: A rater from each of 3 movement science disciplines rated the DS of 23 male college athletes (20.3 [1.2] y; 70.5 [3.5] kg). Interventions: Subjects were outfitted with reflective markers and asked to perform the DS. The DS performance was scored by 3 raters and kinematic analysis. Subsequently, the optimal set of criteria that minimized the difference between mode rater score and KD was determined via a Nelder–Mead simplex optimization routine. Main Outcome Measures: Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated using SPSS (version 23; IBM, Armonk, NY) to determine tester agreement with the KD score and between the mode score and KD score. Results: Agreement was poor for the athletic trainer (ICC = .387), physical therapist (ICC = .298), exercise science professional (ICC = .378), and raters’ DS scores when compared with the KD. Agreement was poor for the mode score when compared with KD prior to optimization and good following optimization (ICC = .830), thereby allowing identification of specific scoring errors. Conclusions: Agreement for DS scores is poor when compared with KD; however, it may be improved with optimization of DS scoring criteria.

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