scholarly journals Exploring new types of intensive motherhood in the Czech Republic

Human Affairs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-186
Author(s):  
Romana Marková Volejníčková
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Paid Employment ◽  
Family And Work ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Abstract Intensive motherhood (IM) has become an established social norm in many countries, especially Western ones. Centred upon the mother providing lengthy full-time, intensive care focused on the child’s needs, these social norms can be seen in the actions of mothers in diverse social locations. However, recent research has demonstrated that women’s ability to engage in IM is affected by factors like education, race, ethnicity, religion or socioeconomic status as well as by cultural and structural conditions. The goal of this paper is to analyse IM in the Czech context by focusing on factors that most affect a mother’s ability to engage in IM. Biographical interviews were held with 17 mothers, and the following three areas were discussed most in their narratives: (a) use of information on childrearing, (b) attitude to paid employment and juggling family and work, and (c) the financial, mental and emotional costs of motherhood.

Self-employment in post-communist Eastern Europe: a refuge from poverty or road to riches?

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Property Ownership ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
The One

Researchers analyzing self-employment in post-communist Eastern Europe have frequently adopted a “dualist” model which relegates the self-employed to marginal sectors of the economy. This paper challenges the dualist approach and argues that the self-employed cannot be regarded as refugees from poverty with few resources and few opportunities to earn high incomes and accumulate wealth. Data from the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia are used to show that self-employment in post-communist Eastern Europe encompasses two distinct class locations: the individually self-employed on the one hand, whose socioeconomic status differs little from that of ordinary workers, and employers on the other, who receive incomes and possess assets far in excess of that of both the individually self-employed and ordinary workers. A proper understanding of the manner in which systems of stratification have changed in Eastern Europe thus requires that one acknowledge processes of differentiation among the self-employed as well as the importance of property ownership in generating new forms of social inequality in the post-communist period.

scholarly journals Corporation Income Tax and Administrative Costs of the Public Sector

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
Břetislav Andrlík
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Full Time Equivalent ◽  
Tax System ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Administrative Costs ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Conversion Coefficients

This contribution examines the issues of measurement of corporate income tax effectiveness in the circumstances of the Czech Republic, referred to as the tax on income of legal persons. The tax on income of legal persons represents a significant part of the public budget revenue, with the volume of collection of CZK 128,002 million in 2012. The theoretical basis for this contribution is the principle of tax system effectiveness, which is one of the principles characterizing a good tax system and is related to costs inherent in a tax system. The contribution defines two existing types of costs expended on the collection of taxes, i. e. administrative costs (direct or indirect) and in theory describes excessive tax burden. In this contribution we shall focus on the measurement of direct administrative costs. The measurement of effectiveness of corporation income tax is performed with the use of the full-time equivalent (FTE) method, which is based on the classification of revenue authorities’ staff according to their jobs and on the determination of conversion coefficients in order to identify costs related to the collection of a particular tax.A separate part of the article deals with measurement of administrative costs performed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development on the timeline ranging from year 2009 to 2011. The author of this article performed his own measurements concerning the direct administrative costs related to the collection of tax on income of legal persons in the Czech Republic. Results achieved in the respective monitored years are lower by the average (in the Czech Republic 2 percentage) of ca 1.66 percentage points in relation to the average value of direct administrative costs of the Czech tax system.

scholarly journals What Do Diploma Theses Unveil about Academic Public Policy in the Czech Republic?

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Mouralová ◽  
Eva M. Hejzlarová ◽  
Rudolf Holík ◽  
Miroslav Hubáček ◽  
Anna Jeřábková
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Research Design ◽  
International Comparison ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Conference Papers

Abstract Although textbooks, conference papers, scientific journals and monographs deal with the research aspects of public policy, only little attention is paid to the way it is taught at universities. In this article we aim to explore academic public policy in the Czech Republic - specifically in terms of teaching outputs - using a unique method: an analysis of diploma theses. In the sample there were diploma theses defended within all the full-time Master’s study programmes having “public policy” in their names in the Czech Republic between 1995 and 2013. We conclude that there are two traditions of academic public policy in the Czech Republic, which enriches previous findings in the area and makes them more accurate. The research design and thoroughly described methodology invite other researchers to conduct international comparison of the features of academic public policy. The findings may also illustrate the trajectory made by the newly established discipline of public policy in the past twenty years in the Czech Republic, which may be of great interest to the newly formed international public policy community.

Reasoning behind choices: rationality and social norms in the housing market behaviour of first-time buyers in the Czech Republic

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lux ◽  
Petr Gibas ◽  
Irena Boumová ◽  
Martin Hájek ◽  
Petr Sunega
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Market Behaviour

scholarly journals Differences in Approaches to Employment of Contemporary Generations on the Labour Market (on Example of Economics and Managerial Study Programmes)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (s1) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Jana Marie Šafránková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Part Time Students ◽  
Part Time

Abstract The paper focuses on some current differences in the current two-generation approaches in the labour market to employment, working conditions and people management. The findings are based on repeated surveys since 2009 focused on the opinions of full-time and part-time students and graduates of some economic and managerial fields of three universities in the Czech Republic and the opinions of selected employees of several companies. The results show that some approaches to work and working conditions differ significantly by age of respondents.

Salaries of elected officials as municipal budget expenditure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukáš HULÍNSKÝ
Keyword(s):  
Social Issue ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Elected Officials ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Budget Expenditure

Remuneration of politicians is a relevant social issue that is worth to research. Salaries of local representatives in the Czech Republic are set by law and their size is in case of municipalities derived by municipal population. At the same time municipal councils are free to choose, how many elected officials will serve full time and get paid for that service and how many will keep their proper jobs or entrepreneurships and serve only part time and get quite symbolic remuneration. This choice may result in substantial differences in total related budget expenditure in otherwise similar municipalities. The purpose of the paper is to describe the system of local elected officials’ remuneration and its evolution since 2010 and to analyse municipal expenditure on elected officials’ remuneration in Czech towns with 10 to 50 thousand inhabitants between 2010 to 2018. A key part of the research is the collection of data from local government budgets, their processing and construction of appropriate indicators. Subsequently, these indicators will be analysed through the basic statistical methods resulting in comparison of the selected municipalities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document