Effects of Glycolytic-Based Interval Training on Anaerobic Capacity in Soccer Players

AbstractPurpose. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of changes in anaerobic endurance in response to a training protocol targeting glycolytic capacity. Methods. The study involved 24 soccer players from two U-18 teams. One team served as an experimental (E) group the other a control (C). Besides standard soccer practice performed by both groups, an interval training protocol was administered to the experimental group twice a week (15 sessions). One training repetition involved running a soccerspecific course. Repetition time was equal to 15 s interspersed with 45 s passive recovery. Total number of repetitions was determined by the ability to maintain target time (power) in subsequent repetitions. A 5% reduction in the distance covered (m) compared with the first repetition ended a set. The number of sets was based on the ability of player to maintain target time per repetition. Rest interval between sets was 15 min. Anaerobic performance was assessed before and after the 8-week protocol by the Wingate test in which arterial blood gases, blood lactate concentration, and respiratory variables on a breath-by-breath basis were measured. Results. Distance covered in group E in the first training session was 470.38 ± 77.82 m and 1182.31 ± 164.44 m in the last session. Post-intervention total work (273.63 ± 18.32 to 284.98 ± 15.76 J/kg) and maximum power (13.28 ± 1.43 to 14.14 ± 1.25 W/kg) significantly increased in the Wingate test. Statistically significant increases in lactate concentration (10.64 ± 1.54 and 12.72 ± 1.59 mmol/l) and lower blood pH (7.21 ± 0.03 and 7.19 ± 0.02) were also observed. No significant changes in any of the above variables were observed in group C. Conclusions. Interval training develops glycolytic capacity but with large inter-individual variability.

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Response to Three Weeks of Sprint Interval Training Cannot Be Explained by the Exertional Level

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina56080395 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (8) ◽

pp. 395

Author(s):

Raulas Krusnauskas ◽

Nerijus Eimantas ◽

Neringa Baranauskiene ◽

Tomas Venckunas ◽

Audrius Snieckus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Average Power ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Training Session ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Interval Training ◽

Knee Extension ◽

Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽

Sprint Interval Training ◽

Low Responders ◽

Before And After

Background and Objectives: The all-out mode of sprint interval training (SIT) has been shown to be an efficient method for improving sports performance, exercise capacity, and aerobic fitness. Although the benefits of SIT are well described, the mechanisms underlying the different degrees of response remain largely unexplored. We aimed to assess the effects of exertion on the responsiveness to SIT. Materials and Methods: The participants were 28 young untrained men (mean ± SD age 25.7 ± 6.03 years) who exhibited either a large or small increase in Wingate test average power in response to nine SIT sessions performed over three weeks. Each training session comprised four–six bouts of 30 s all-out cycling interspaced with 4 min of rest. Individual responses were assessed using heart rate (HR) during exercise for all nine sessions, as well as blood lactate concentration up to 1 h, and the decrement in maximal voluntary knee extension torque (MVC) up to 24 h after the first and last training sessions. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and maximum HR were measured before and after training during an incremental cycling test to exhaustion. Results: Although all participants showed benefits of SIT such as increased VO2peak, the increase in anaerobic cycling power varied between participants. We identified 17 high responders and nine low responders, whose average power outputs were 0.80 ± 0.22 and 0.22 ± 0.19 W/kg, respectively. The HR achieved during any of the training sessions did not differ between high and low responders. The lactate kinetics did not differ between groups before and after the intervention. Training resulted in a more rapid recovery of MVC without any discernible differences between the high and low responders. Conclusion: The differences in the responses to SIT are not dependent on the exertion level during training.

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Cardiorespiratory Responses to Constant and Varied-Load Interval Training Sessions

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2020-0104 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Fernando G. Beltrami ◽

Elena Roos ◽

Marco von Ow ◽

Christina M. Spengler

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

High Intensity ◽

Pulmonary Ventilation ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Training Session ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Interval Training ◽

Active Recovery ◽

Cardiorespiratory Responses

Purpose: To compare the cardiorespiratory responses of a traditional session of high-intensity interval training session with that of a session of similar duration and average load, but with decreasing workload within each bout in cyclists and runners. Methods: A total of 15 cyclists (maximal oxygen uptake [] 62 [6] mL·kg−1·min−1) and 15 runners ( 58 [4] mL·kg−1·min−1) performed both sessions at the maximal common tolerable load on different days. The sessions consisted of four 4-minute intervals interspersed with 3 minutes of active recovery. Power output was held constant for each bout within the traditional day, whereas power started 40 W (2 km·h−1) higher and finished 40 W (2 km·h−1) lower than average within each bout of the decremental session. Results: Average oxygen uptake during the high-intensity intervals was higher in the decremental session in cycling (89 [4]% vs 86 [5]% of , P = .002) but not in running (91 [4]% vs 90 [4]% of , P = .38), as was the time spent >90% of and the time spent >90% of peak heart rate. Average heart rate (P < .001), pulmonary ventilation (P < .001), and blood lactate concentration (P < .001) were higher during the decremental sessions in both cycling and running. Conclusions: Higher levels of physiological perturbations were achieved during decremental sessions in both cycling and running. These differences were, however, more prominent in cycling, thus making cycling a more attractive modality for testing the effects of a training intervention.

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The influence of execution speed on blood lactate concentration in strength training protocol in bench press exercise

Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do Exercício ◽

10.33233/rbfe.v19i1.3990 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Gustavo Taques Marczynski ◽

Luís Carlos Zattar Coelho ◽

Leonardo Emmanuel De Medeiros Lima ◽

Rodrigo Pereira Da Silva ◽

Dilmar Pinto Guedes Jr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Strength Training ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Bench Press ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

The Third ◽

Fast Speed ◽

Work Volume ◽

Execution Speed ◽

Training Protocol

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of two velocities of execution relative to blood lactate concentration in strength training exercise until the momentary concentric failure. Fifteen men (29.1 ± 5.9 years), trained, participated in the experiment. The volunteers performed three bench press sessions, with an interval of 48 hours between them. At the first session, individuals determined loads through the 10-12 RMs test. In the following two sessions, three series with 90 seconds of interval were performed, in the second session slow execution speed (cadence 3030) and later in the third session fast speed (cadence 1010). For statistical analysis, the Student-T test was used for an independent sample study and considered the value of probability (p) ≤ 0.05 statistically significant. By comparing the number of repetitions and time under tension of the two runs, all series compared to the first presented significant reductions (p < 0.05). The total work volume was higher with the fast speed (p < 0.05). The study revealed that rapid velocities (cadence 1010) present a higher concentration of blood lactate when compared to slow runs (cadence 3030). The blood lactate concentration, in maximum repetitions, is affected by the speed of execution.Keywords: resistance training, cadence, blood lactate.

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A Comparison of Asynchronous and Synchronous Arm Cranking During the Wingate Test

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.6.3.419 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 419-426 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dale I. Lovell ◽

Dale Mason ◽

Elias Delphinus ◽

Chris McLellan

Keyword(s):

Blood Lactate ◽

Peak Power ◽

Anaerobic Power ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Wingate Test ◽

Mean Power ◽

Arm Cranking ◽

Minimum Power ◽

Time To Peak

Purpose:The aim of this study was to compare asynchronous (AS Y) arm cranking (cranks at 180° relative to each other) with synchronous (SYN) arm cranking (parallel crank setting) during the 30 s Wingate anaerobic test.Methods:Thirty-two physically active men (aged 22.1 ± 2.4 y) completed two Wingate tests (one ASY and one SYN) separated by 4 d in a randomized counterbalanced order. The Wingate tests were completed on a modified electromagnetically braked cycle ergometer. Performance measures assessed during the two tests include peak power, mean power, minimum power, time to peak power, rate to fatigue and maximum cadence (RPMmax). Blood lactate concentration was also measured before and 5 min after the tests.Results:Peak and mean power (both absolute and relative to body weight) during SYN arm cranking were significantly (p < 0.001) less than during ASY arm cranking. Rate to fatigue and RPMmax were also significantly (p = 0.012) lower during SYN arm cranking compared with ASY arm cranking. No significant difference was found between test conditions for minimum power, time to peak power or blood lactate concentration.Conclusions:These findings demonstrate that ASY arm cranking results in higher peak and mean anaerobic power compared with SYN arm cranking during the Wingate test. Therefore, an ASY arm crank configuration should be used to assess anaerobic power in most individuals although specific population groups may require further testing to determine which crank configuration is most suitable for the Wingate test.

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The High-Pull Exercise: A Comparison Between a VersaPulley Flywheel Device and the Free Weight

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2016-0059 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 527-532 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

F. Javier Núñez ◽

Luis J. Suarez-Arrones ◽

Paul Cater ◽

Alberto Mendez-Villanueva

Keyword(s):

Blood Lactate ◽

Peak Velocity ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Training Session ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Free Weight ◽

Force Velocity ◽

S Peak ◽

Rugby Players ◽

Eccentric Overload

The aim of this study was to examine the kinematics and kinetics (force, velocity, and acceleration) and blood lactate concentration with the VersaPulley (VP) device in comparison with free-weight (FW) exercise at a similar external load. Fifteen rugby players randomly performed 2 training sessions of 6 sets of 6 repetitions with 20 s of recovery between sets of the high-pull exercise with the VP and the FW. The training sessions were separated by 72 h. Barbell displacement (cm), peak velocity (m/s), peak acceleration (m/s2), mean propulsive velocity (m/s), mean propulsive acceleration (m/s2), propulsive phase (%), and mean and maximal force (N) were continuously recorded during each repetition. Blood lactate concentration was measured after each training session (end) and 3 min and 5 min later. Barbell displacement (+4.8%, small ES), peak velocity (+4.5% small ES), mean propulsive acceleration (+8.8%, small ES), and eccentric force (+26.7, large ES) were substantially higher with VP than with FW. Blood lactate concentration was also greater after the VP exercise (end +32.9%, 3 min later +36%, 5 min later +33.8%; large ES). Maximal concentric force was substantially higher with FW than VP during the 6th set (+6.4%, small ES). In the cohort and exercise investigated in the current study, VP training can be considered an efficient training device to induce an accentuated eccentric overload and augmented metabolic demands (ie, blood lactate concentration).

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Physiological and Competitive Characteristics of Professional Female Futsal Players

Teorìâ ta Metodika Fìzičnogo Vihovannâ ◽

10.17309/tmfv.2021.1.03 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 19-25

Author(s):

Tommy Apriantono ◽

Samsul Bahri ◽

Sri Ihsani Indah ◽

Bagus Winata

Keyword(s):

Perceived Exertion ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Anaerobic Capacity ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Aerobic Performance ◽

Anaerobic Performance ◽

Mean Power ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

Training Team

The study purpose was to examine the anaerobic and aerobic performance and also determine the influence of the anaerobic performance on specific movements during a match-play. Materials and methods. A total of 12 Indonesian professional female players from Bandung district female futsal club were recruited and enrolled to participate in this study. They were required to complete one familiarization and two experimental sessions. During the first session (laboratory test), all players performed a treadmill test to ascertain their maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2max) and a running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) to measure their anaerobic performance. For the second session (on-court test), the participants played a simulated match on the court. A training team of 5 experts carried out an investigation regarding each player’s competitive performance per match. Furthermore, the blood lactate concentration and Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) were assessed in the pre- and post-test for both sessions, which were separated by a week to enable the players to recover. Results. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the mean power (MP) and fatigue index (FI) (p = 0.425, p = 0.938, respectively) for anaerobic performance using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), although, the MP and FI of team C was lower compared to A and B. Furthermore, the total number of failed passes and shot off target of team C was larger compared to B and A (for failed passes = 30 vs 20 vs 25, for shot off target 14 vs 13 vs 8). Conclusions. The results obtained indicate that there are strong associations between anaerobic capacity and explosive movements (shooting, tackling, heading and passing) among female futsal players.

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Oxygen uptake, heart rate and blood lactate concentration during a normal training session of an aerobic dance class

European Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1007/s004210050396 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 78 (2) ◽

pp. 121-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

M. De Angelis ◽

G. Vinciguerra ◽

A. Gasbarri ◽

C. Pacitti

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Training Session ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Dance Class ◽

Aerobic Dance

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Physiological responses to partial-body cryotherapy performed during a concurrent strength and endurance session

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2018-0202 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 59-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alessandro Piras ◽

Francesco Campa ◽

Stefania Toselli ◽

Rocco Di Michele ◽

Milena Raffi

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Strength Training ◽

Energy Cost ◽

Minute Ventilation ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Training Session ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Passive Recovery ◽

Partial Body

This investigation examined the effect of partial-body cryostimulation (PBC) performed in the recovery time between a strength training and an interval running (IR) session. Nine rugby players (age, 23.7 ± 3.6 years; body mass index, 28.0 ± 2.6 kg·m−2) were randomly exposed to 2 different conditions: (i) PBC: 3 min at −160 °C, and (ii) passive recovery at 21 °C. We performed the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and recorded temperature and cardiac autonomic variables at 3 time points: at baseline, after strength training, and after 90 min of recovery. In addition, blood lactate concentration was measured 1 min before and 2.5 min after the IR. Heart rate (HR), energy cost, minute ventilation, oxygen uptake, and metabolic power were assessed during the IR. Homeostatic hydration status was affected by the execution of an intense strength training subsession. Then, after PBC, the BIA vector was restored close to normohydration status. Autonomic variables changed over time in both conditions, although the mean differences and effect sizes were greater in the PBC condition. During IR, HR was 3.5% lower after PBC, and the same result was observed for oxygen uptake (∼4.9% lower) and ventilation (∼6.5% lower). The energy cost measured after cryotherapy was ∼9.0% lower than after passive recovery. Cryotherapy enhances recovery after a single strength training session, and during subsequent IR, it shows a reduction in cardiorespiratory and metabolic parameters. PBC may be useful for those athletes who compete or train more than once in the same day, to improve recovery between successive training sessions or competitions.

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Lactic acid infusion in dogs: effects of varying infusate pH

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1983.54.5.1254 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 54 (5) ◽

pp. 1254-1260 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

L. B. Gladden ◽

J. W. Yates

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Muscle Blood Flow ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Weak Acid ◽

Muscle Lactate ◽

Acid Infusion ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Arterial Ph

This study had two purposes: 1) to determine the effects of varying the pH of lactic acid infusion solutions on the acid-base status of anesthetized dogs, and 2) to determine the effect of elevated blood lactate concentration on muscle lactate concentration. The experiments were performed on the in situ gastro cnemius-plantaris muscle group in 14 mongrel dogs. The infusions increased the arterial blood lactate concentration to 11.0 +/- 0.5 (SE) mM after 20 min. Above an infusate pH of 4.4, the arterial pH increased by 0.118–0.167 during infusion; the arterial pH was unchanged when the infusate pH was between 3.4 and 4.0; and the arterial pH decreased as infusate pH decreased below 3.0. The effect of lactic acid infusion on blood pH appears to be the result of two opposing effects: 1) an acidifying effect due to its weak acid properties, and 2) an alkalinizing effect due to the metabolism of sodium lactate. The estimated ratio between intracellular muscle lactate and venous plasma water lactate averaged 0.647 +/- 0.038, indicative of a substantial gradient between blood and muscle. The infusion produced a significant change from lactate output to lactate uptake by the muscles. The infusion also transiently increased muscle blood flow and oxygen uptake.

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