Effects of lifetime tobacco, alcohol and drug use on psychological and behavioral problems among 10th grade students in Istanbul

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuneyt Evren ◽  
Bilge Evren ◽  
Muge Bozkurt ◽  
Arzu Ciftci-Demirci
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
10Th Grade ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables

Abstract Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of life-time tobacco, alcohol, and substance use on psychological and behavioral variables among 10th grade students in Istanbul/Turkey. Materials and methods: This study employed a cross-sectional online self-report survey conducted in 45 schools from the 15 districts in Istanbul. The questionnaire featured a section about use of substances, including tobacco, alcohol, and drugs. The depression, anxiety, anger, assertiveness, sensation seeking and impulsiveness subscales of the Psychological Screening Test for Adolescents (PSTA) were used. The analyses were conducted based on 4957 subjects. Results: Logistic regression analyses were conducted with each school with the related and behavioral variables as the dependent variables. Gender, tobacco, alcohol, and drug use being the independent variables. All four independent variables predicted the dependent variables. Lifetime tobacco and drug use had significant effects on all the subscale score, whereas lifetime alcohol use had significant effects on all the subscale scores other than lack of assertiveness, and male gender was a significant covariant for all the subscale scores. Drug use showed the highest effect on dependent variables. Interaction was found between effects of tobacco and alcohol on anxiety, whereas interactions were found between effects of tobacco and drugs on lack of assertiveness and impulsiveness. Conclusion: The findings suggested that male students with lifetime tobacco, alcohol or drug use have particularly high risk of psychological and behavioral problems. The unique effects of substance clusters on these problems may be useful in developing secondary preventive practices for substance use and abuse problems in Istanbul.

Do Stimulants Reduce the Risk for Alcohol and Substance Use in Youth With ADHD? A Secondary Analysis of a Prospective, 24-Month Open-Label Study of Osmotic-Release Methylphenidate

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hammerness ◽  
Carter Petty ◽  
Stephen V. Faraone ◽  
Joseph Biederman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Stimulant Treatment ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Youth With Adhd

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of stimulant treatment on risk for alcohol and illicit drug use in adolescents with ADHD. Method: Analysis of data derived from a prospective open-label treatment study of adolescent ADHD ( n = 115, 76% male), and a historical, naturalistic sample of ADHD ( n = 44, 68% male) and non-ADHD youth ( n = 52, 73% male) of similar age and sex. Treatment consisted of extended-release methylphenidate in the clinical trial or naturalistic stimulant treatment. Self-report of alcohol and drug use was derived from a modified version of the Drug Use Screening Inventory. Results: Rates of alcohol and drug use in the past year were significantly lower in the clinical trial compared with untreated and treated naturalistic ADHD comparators, and similar to rates in non-ADHD comparators. Conclusion: Well-monitored stimulant treatment may reduce the risk for alcohol and substance use in adolescent ADHD.

88 Substance Use Testing Upon Burn Admission: Insights from the National Burn Repository

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S61-S61
Author(s):  
Thereasa E Abrams ◽  
William R Nugent
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Racial Bias ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Burn Severity ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Burn Center ◽  
Dependent Variables

Abstract Introduction Knowledge of substance use history is important for treating patients with burn injuries due to increased risk of mortality, complications, and poor outcomes. Yet, there has been little research on how admitting medical providers make the determination of who to test for alcohol or drug use. Burn severity, etiology, and circumstances surrounding the burns are important factors that should be considered when determining who should be tested. The race of the victim should not. This study analyzed data from the National Burn Repository for years 2008–2017 to ascertain if there were associations between race and decisions to do alcohol and drug testing upon burn center admission, controlling for other demographics, burn severity, and circumstances surrounding burn injuries. Methods This study was a secondary analysis of 37,355 cases from the National Burn Data Repository (American Burn Association). The dependent variables were whether a burn victim was tested for alcohol or drug use. These were dichotomous dependent variables, so a binary logit regression analysis was used. Missing data were handled with full information maximum likelihood. The independent variables were age, gender, whether physical abuse was reported, mental health comorbidity, marital status, severity of burns, whether the injury was work related, injury circumstances, and etiology of injury. Race was the independent variable of focus. The hypothesis was that race was associated with whether a burn victim was tested for drug or alcohol use. Results Controlling for independent variables, race was associated with whether a victim was tested for alcohol use, X2(5) = 71.3, p < .0001; race was also associated with whether a burn victim was tested for drug use, X2(5) = 66.5, p < .0001. Odds ratios for comparing the likelihoods of victims of different racial categories being tested ranged from .69 to 2.3 for alcohol testing, and from .79 to 2.4 for drug testing. These results were consistent with racial bias in decisions to test burn victims for alcohol and/or drug use. Conclusions Because there is little written about criteria for alcohol or drug testing on admission for critical burn injuries, it is unclear what prompts admitting health care providers to test. Our study found several racial groups had differential likelihoods of being tested upon admission to a burn center. Using Critical Race theory as a framework, these findings suggest racial bias may have influenced decisions to test for substance use in reported burn admissions. There is a need to establish a protocol for alcohol and drug use testing upon burn center admission that is equitable across all populations.

scholarly journals Associations between History of Hospitalization for Violence Victimization and Substance-Use Patterns among Adolescents: A 2017 Korean National Representative Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1543
Author(s):  
Yeji Lee ◽  
Kang-Sook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Violence Victimization ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
History Of ◽  
Victimization Experience

Violence victimization can adversely affect adolescents’ long-term health. Existing research has mainly focused on the link between victimization and substance use; however, the evidence obtained to date has been inconsistent. This study, using a Korean national representative sample, examined the association between violence victimization and substance-use patterns (including tobacco, alcohol, and drug use) in terms of sex and number of violence victimization experiences. We analyzed secondary data from the 2017 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. Chi-squared test analyses and logistic regression analysis were used to examine substance use in terms of violence victimization; additionally, p-values for trends were calculated to reveal the dose-response relationship per number of violence victimization experiences. We consequently found that participants’ rates of tobacco, alcohol, and drug use were higher among those who experienced violence victimization than among those who did not. For each substance-use-related variable, the greater the violence victimization experience, the higher the odds of substance use (p for trend < 0.001). Early intervention may help prevent the development of substance use, especially among adolescents who have experienced violence victimization. Prevention efforts regarding substance abuse and violence prevention should be included in school curricula to effectively prevent adverse health consequences among adolescents.

scholarly journals Sexting and Substance Use among Women Arrested for Domestic Violence: A Brief Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117822182094633
Author(s):  
Autumn Rae Florimbio ◽  
Meagan J Brem ◽  
Hannah L Grigorian ◽  
Alisa R Garner ◽  
Gregory L Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sexual Content ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Advances in technology provide opportunities for communication using electronic mediums. Sexting is one form of electronic communication and includes the sending of explicit sexual content (e.g., photos, text) through electronic mediums. Previous research demonstrated a positive association between sexting and behaviors such as substance use. Moreover, substance use increases the risk for intimate partner violence and is also associated with risky behaviors. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of sexting in a sample of 84 women mandated to attend batterer intervention programs following arrest for domestic violence. The associations between sexting, substance use, and intimate partner violence were also examined. Method: Participants completed self-report questionnaires that assessed sexting, intimate partner violence, and alcohol and drug use symptoms. Results: Fifty-four percent of participants reported being asked to send a sext, 35.1% reported sending a sext, and 32.0% reported requesting a sext. Drug use symptoms were positively associated with some forms of sexting and intimate partner violence. There was a significant difference in drug use symptoms, such that women who received a request to send a sext had significantly more symptoms relative to women who had not received a request to send a sext. Conclusion: This is the first examination of sexting in a sample of women arrested for domestic violence. Findings indicate an association between drug use symptoms, sexting, and intimate partner violence, warranting continued research in this domain.

scholarly journals Testing the Constraint Theory of Addiction: Cannabis Constraints Discriminate Users from Nonusers and Heavy from Light Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Richard Hammersley ◽  
Nick Holmes ◽  
Marie Reid
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
North America ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Legal Highs ◽  
Relative Lack ◽  
Constraint Theory ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

Constraint theory (Hammersley, 2014) offers a novel way of understanding addiction as a lack of cognitive, behavioural, and social constraints on substance use. Here, cannabis constraints were studied in a large online opportunity sample: N = 302; 205 men, 97 women. Age ranged from 14 to 60 years (mean = 25, SD = 8.0). Most participants were from UK or North America. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing 15 cannabis constraints and standard self-report frequency measures of drug use. Factor analysis of the constraint questionnaire found 15 factors, similar to those proposed theoretically. These factors could discriminate well between past and current users and heavy and light users. The best discriminator was concerns about the possibility of becoming addicted; the less concerned the heavier was use, although those who actually felt addicted were more concerned than others. Past users also constrained due to using legal highs instead, concerns about illegality, and using only when others used. Light users constrained due to availability and cost issues, as well as unpleasant effects. These findings suggest that there is utility in constraint theory and that heavy use occurs due to a relative lack of constraints.

The Relationship between Sexual Abuse and Drug Use: Findings from Houston's Safer Choices 2 Program

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald J. Peters ◽  
Susan R. Tortolero ◽  
Robert C. Addy ◽  
Christine Markham ◽  
S. Liliana Escobar-Chaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Alternative School ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
School Students ◽  
Alternative School Students ◽  
The Relationship

Self-report drug use data were collected from 282 female alternative school students surveyed through the Safer Choices 2 study in Houston, Texas. Data collection took place between October 2000 and March 2001 via audio-enabled laptop computers equipped with headphones. Logistic regression analyses indicated that sexual abuse history was significantly associated with lifetime use (OR = 1.9, p ≤ 0.05). While the relationships tested in this study are exploratory, they provide evidence for an important connection between sexual abuse and substance use among female alternative school students.

Alcohol and Drug Use as Risk Factors for Delinquent Behavior Among Adolescents

2016 ◽  
pp. 552-574
Author(s):  
Helene Raskin White ◽  
Courtney Cronley ◽  
Padmini Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Adolescent Delinquency ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Adolescent Aggression ◽  
Time Frames

This chapter examines alcohol and drug use as risk factors for delinquency during adolescence. There is strong evidence for comorbidity between substance use and delinquency for individuals. Users, compared to nonusers, are more likely to be delinquent; and delinquents, compared to nondelinquents, are more likely to use substances. Conversely, substance use and delinquency follow different developmental patterns from adolescence into young adulthood, and trends in adolescent substance use and delinquency from 1980 through 2009 do not converge well. Alcohol, compared to drugs, has a stronger acute effect on adolescent aggression/violence. Developmentally, there appears to be a reciprocal association between substance use and delinquency, although findings differ across samples and time frames. There are several alternative models that explain why alcohol and drug use are risk factors for adolescent delinquency.

Dimensions of Adolescent Self-Concept Associated with Substance Use

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna B. Towberman ◽  
R. Michael McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Treatment Interventions ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Ongoing Support

Self-concept has been often examined in relation to adolescent substance use and research results have shown consistently strong association between the two. Yet, the authors maintain that the global construct is amorphous and lacking in defined boundaries that allow for planning and implementation of educational and treatment interventions that effectively impact self-concept. The purpose of the study was to examine the underlying dimensions of self-concept that relate to adolescent alcohol and drug use. Four constitutive dimensions of self-concept were identified through factor analysis. These four factors are negative image, self- confidence, bonding and effectiveness. All four self-concept measures were found to significantly correlate with both drug experimentation and frequency of drug use. Three of the self- concept factors (negative image, self-confidence, and effectiveness) are considered to be internally referenced. These dimensions of self-concept may be the cumulative effect of genetic, psychological and environmental forces. The intractable nature of internal self-concept dimensions may require intensive services and ongoing support services for effective treatment of deficits. However, the fourth self-concept factor, bonding, is primarily viewed as an externally-referenced factor. Remediation of bonding deficits calls for inclusion of significant others in the overall strategy of self-concept enhancement.

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