Optimization of Headspace Sampling Using Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) for Volatile Components in Starfruit Juice

AbstractVolatiles are important flavor compounds of fruit juices and beverages. In this study, a headspace Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the volatile components in starfruit juices. Several experimental parameters (e.g. adsorption temperature, adsorption time, and sample volume) were optimized to improve sampling efficiency in two aspects; maximum adsorption and selective adsorption of volatile components onto SPME fiber. The following conditions were found to be optimal for selectivity and sensitivity: adsorption temperature of 50°C for 30 min, with a 65 μm divinylbenzene /polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/PDMS)-coated fiber with a sample volume of 15 g in a 30-ml vial. The proposed technique could be applied for the analysis of volatile compounds that contribute to starfruit juices flavor in different cultivars, and also their ripening stages.

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Volatile Profiles of Five Variants of Abeliophyllum distichum Flowers Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) Analysis

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10020224 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 224

Author(s):

Yeong-Geun Lee ◽

Won-Sil Choi ◽

Seung-Ok Yang ◽

Jeon Hwang-Bo ◽

Hyoun-Geun Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Abeliophyllum Distichum

Abeliophyllum distichum (Oleaceae), which is the only species in the monotypic genus and is grown only on the Korean peninsula, has a high scarcity value. Its five variants (white, pink, round, blue, and ivory) have different morphological characteristics in terms of the color of petals and sepals or shape of the fruits. Despite its high value, there has been no study on variant classification except in terms of their morphological characteristics. Thus, we performed a volatile component analysis of A. distichum flowers and multivariate data analyses to reveal the relationship between fragments emitted from five variants of A. distichum flowers with their morphological characteristics. As a result, 66 volatile components of this plant were identified by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS), showing unique patterns for each set of morphological characteristics, especially the color of the petals. These results suggest that morphological characteristics of each variant are related to the volatile composition.

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IDENTIFICATION OF ODOR COMPONENTS OF AGARWOOD

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v77.5986 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nor Azah Mohamad Ali ◽

Nurlaila Ismail ◽

Mailina Jamil ◽

Azrina Aziz ◽

Sahrim Lias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Sensor Technology ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Z Score ◽

Spme Fiber ◽

Odor Compounds ◽

Marker Compounds ◽

Significant Chemical

This article presents the use of Z-score in assessing the significant chemical compounds extracted by head space solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of an agarwood oil obtained from Melaka, Malaysia. Two types of SPME fiber; polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and divinylbenzene-carboxen-polydimethylsiloxane (DVB-CAR-PDMS) were used. During the extraction analysis, the results showed that at least 27 and 29 compounds were identified using PDMS and DVB-CAR-PDMS fiber, respectively. DVB-CAR-PDMS fiber was found to be more efficient in terms of selectivity of compounds extraction. The application of Z-score showed that eight and eleven marker compounds were determined in PDMS and DVB-CAR-PDMS fibers, respectively. 4-Phenyl-2-butanone, a-guaiene, β-agarofuran, a-bulnesene, a-agarofuran and 10-epi-g-eudesmol were some of the compounds selected and were often reported significantly in agarwood oils as key odor compounds. The information gathered will be used for compound selection towards grading of agarwood oils by sensor technology.

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The GC/MS Analysis of Volatile Components Extracted by Different Methods fromExocarpium Citri Grandis

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2013/918406 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zhisheng Xie ◽

Qundi Liu ◽

Zhikun Liang ◽

Mingqian Zhao ◽

Xiaoxue Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Large Scale ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Extraction Efficiency ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Germacrene D ◽

Long Time ◽

Sample Amount

Volatile components fromExocarpium Citri Grandis(ECG) were, respectively, extracted by three methods, that is, steam distillation (SD), headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), and solvent extraction (SE). A total of 81 compounds were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry including 77 (SD), 56 (HS-SPME), and 48 (SE) compounds, respectively. Despite of the extraction method, terpenes (39.98~57.81%) were the main volatile components of ECG, mainly germacrene-D, limonene, 2,6,8,10,14-hexadecapentaene, 2,6,11,15-tetramethyl-, (E,E,E)-, andtrans-caryophyllene. Comparison was made among the three methods in terms of extraction profile and property. SD relatively gave an entire profile of volatile in ECG by long-time extraction; SE enabled the analysis of low volatility and high molecular weight compounds but lost some volatiles components; HS-SPME generated satisfactory extraction efficiency and gave similar results to those of SD at analytical level when consuming less sample amount, shorter extraction time, and simpler procedure. Although SD and SE were treated as traditionally preparative extractive techniques for volatiles in both small batches and large scale, HS-SPME coupled with GC/MS could be useful and appropriative for the rapid extraction and qualitative analysis of volatile components from medicinal plants at analytical level.

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Analysis of the Volatile Components of Pouteria sapota (Sapote Mamey) Fruit by HS-SPME-GC-MS

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1801300826 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Candelario Rodríguez ◽

Armando A. Durant-Archibold ◽

Ana Santana ◽

Enrique Murillo ◽

Carlos M. Franco Abuín

Keyword(s):

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Extraction Efficiency ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Spme Fiber ◽

Volatile Organic ◽

Doehlert Experimental Design ◽

First Time ◽

Fiber Coatings

The comparison of SPME fiber coatings, and optimization of temperature and time of extraction for headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in Pouteria sapota (sapote mamey) fruits is presented. The PDMS/DVB coating afforded the highest extraction efficiency. The extraction conditions were optimized by using Doehlert experimental design. By using the optimized HS-SPME method, 21 VOCs were identified, which include mainly terpenoids and esters, followed by aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, alcohols and ketones. The most abundant compounds in Pouteria sapota pulp were cedrol (25.0%), azulene (7.3%), β-ionone (5.7%) naphthalene (5.6%), α-pinene (5.0%), and benzaldehyde (4.3%). Seventeen VOCs were identified for the first time in the fruit.

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Volatile Components of Heartwood, Sapwood, and Resin From a Dated Cedrus brevifolia

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x19859125 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 1934578X1985912

Author(s):

Andreas Douros ◽

Anastasia Christopoulou ◽

Stefanos Kikionis ◽

Konstantinos Nikolaou ◽

Helen Skaltsa

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Spectrometry Analysis ◽

Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

In the present study, the heartwood and the sapwood of a thick wood disc from a dated Cedrus brevifolia trunk, and the resin were analyzed for their volatile components. All samples were subjected to headspace solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis. The main constituents were β-himachalene (22.2 %) in heartwood and (25.0 %) in sapwood, and α-pinene (37.8 %) in resin.

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Analysis of Volatile Constituents in Platostoma palustre (Blume) Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Simultaneous Distillation-Extraction

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods8090415 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 415 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kung ◽

Chen ◽

Chao ◽

Wu ◽

Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Headspace Analysis ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Simultaneous Distillation Extraction

Hsian-tsao (Platostoma palustre Blume) is a traditional Taiwanese food. It is admired by many consumers, especially in summer, because of its aroma and taste. This study reports the analysis of the volatile components present in eight varieties of Hsian-tsao using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) coupled with gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). HS-SPME is a non-heating method, and the results show relatively true values of the samples during flavor isolation. However, it is a kind of headspace analysis that has the disadvantage of a lower detection ability to relatively higher molecular weight compounds; also, the data are not quantitative, but instead are used for comparison. The SDE method uses distillation 2 h for flavor isolation; therefore, it quantitatively identifies more volatile compounds in the samples while the samples withstand heating. Both methods were used in this study to investigate information about the samples. The results showed that Nongshi No. 1 had the highest total quantity of volatile components using HS-SPME, whereas SDE indicated that Taoyuan Mesona 1301 (TYM1301) had the highest volatile concentration. Using the two extraction methods, 120 volatile components were identified. Fifty-six volatile components were identified using HS-SPME, and the main volatile compounds were α-pinene, β-pinene, and limonene. A total of 108 volatile components were identified using SDE, and the main volatile compounds were α-bisabolol, β-caryophyllene, and caryophyllene oxide. Compared with SDE, HS-SPME sampling extracted a significantly higher amount of monoterpenes and had a poorer detection of less volatile compounds, such as sesquiterpenes, terpene alcohols, and terpene oxide.

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Headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry of volatile components of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.4314/tjpr.v15i10.24 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 2241 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yanbing Wu ◽

Zhenmin Yan ◽

Junjun Zhao ◽

Yinghui Zhu

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

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An Analysis of Volatile Components of the Liverworts Dumortiera hirsuta subsp. hirsuta and Dumortiera hirsuta subsp. nepalensis (Dumortieraceae) from Panama and Taxonomic Observations on the Species

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1801300827 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Armando A. Durant-Archibold ◽

Noris Salazar Allen ◽

Anette Garrido ◽

Jose Gudiño Ledezma ◽

Mahabir P. Gupta

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Chemical Markers ◽

Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

First Time

We report for the first time the chemical composition of volatile components (VOCs) of two subspecies, D. hirsuta subsp. hirsuta and D. hirsuta subsp. nepalensis, of the liverwort Dumortiera hirsuta from Panama by using headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in order to assess distinguishing markers between the two species. Forty VOCs were identified in total for both subspecies. Of these, 34 are reported for the first time in D. hirsuta. Furthermore, both subspecies showed clear differences in the type and amount of VOCs. The major compounds in D. hirsuta subsp. hirsuta were α-gurjunene, β-selinene, α-guaiene, α-humulene and β-caryophyllene; while in D. hirsuta subsp. nepalensis were ledene, α-gurjunene, β-caryophyllene and α-guaiene, respectively. Two oxygenated sesquiterpenes, globulol and nerolidol, could be considered as possible distinguishing chemical markers between these two subspecies. We conclude that both morphotypes of D. hirsuta are chemically different.

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Optimization of Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) Coupled with Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) for Fermented Perilla Leaves Jiaosu and Volatile Profiling Analysis During Fermentation

Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy ◽

10.1166/jbmb.2020.1966 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 359-368

Author(s):

Ruyi Sha ◽

Haoan Fan ◽

Zhenzhen Wang ◽

Gaojian Wang ◽

Yanli Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Spontaneous Fermentation ◽

Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

A method based on solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography mass spectrometry was developed for volatile profiling fermented perilla leaves jiaosu (PFJ) during fermentation. Five fibers were firstly evaluated by the total peak areas and the number of volatile compounds. Secondly, a Plackett-Burman design was applied to screen for seven independent variables selected in literature. Three significant variables (extraction time, extraction temperature and equilibrium time) were therefore selected for the following optimization studies. A Box-Behnken design combined with a steepest ascent was then used to optimize the significant factors. Under optimal conditions, the changes of volatile profiles of PFJ at 7, 14, 21, 28, 91 and 140 d were analyzed. A total of fifty-one volatile compounds were identified, and alcohols (68.12–78.94%) were the main volatile components in PFJ, followed by methoxy-phenolic compounds (4.67–5.48%). Perilla alcohol and trans-Shisool were the major constituents during spontaneous fermentation, which accounted for 16.14–30.66% and 19.95–24.52%, respectively. The results showed that PFJ fermented into a health probiotic product with characteristic flavour and functional volatile compounds.

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