Kinderwunsch im Krieg: Kriegserfahrung und Fertilität in Deutschland im Zweiten Weltkrieg

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-505
Author(s):  
Katerina Piro
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Source Material ◽  
World War ◽  
Lower Fertility ◽  
The Postponement ◽  
Excellent Source

Abstract Does the experience of war necessarily lead to lower fertility and the postponement of starting or enlarging a family? This qualitative analysis verifies the economic and sociological theories of family planning during war. The excellent source material from World War II in Germany allows for an analysis of a large number of ego-documents. The results imply that married couples were aware of the difficult circumstances and dealt with increased infertility, miscarriages and infant mortality. However, they did not let adversity interfere with their generative decisions. The experience of war did not deter people from planning, starting or building a family. It appears that during wartime, children fulfilled important psychological values for their (prospective) parents.

scholarly journals Community Roles tokoh Perempuan pada Era Perang Dunia II dalam Anime Kono Sekai no Katasumi ni karya Sunao Katabuchi

HUMANIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Padma Krishna Narayan ◽  
Ni Putu Luhur Wedayanti ◽  
Ketut Widya Purnawati
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Gender Analysis ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
World War ◽  
Know How ◽  
Community Roles

This study aims to know how Community Roles that are played by the women during World War II, in the anime entitled Kono Sekai no Katasumi ni by Sunao Katabuchi. The analysis was done by using the Gender Analysis Frameworks by Caroline Moser (1993). The data were collected by watching the anime and applied the note taking technique. The qualitative analysis of the data shows that women character in the anime was very active in their community. They join the organization namely  Dai Nippon Fujinkai and all the activities in their neigbourhood. Those activities show their community roles.

scholarly journals [Eugeniusz Quirini de Saalbrück], Kirkcaldy. Polska gwiazdka w Szkocji w 1940 roku

2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-639
Author(s):  
Danuta Quirini-Popławska
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Original Text ◽  
World War

[Eugeniusz Quirini de Saalbrück], Kirkcaldy: Polish Christmas in Scotland in 1940 This text is an edited source material that is a part of the memoirs of Certified Colonel Eugeniusz Quirini de Saalbrück (1891–1978) from his stay in Scotland in his capacity as a cultural and educational officer in the Polish soldiers camp in Kirkcaldy during World War II. The text is an account of a Christmas celebration organised for Scottish children on 19 December 1940 under the supervision of Col. Quirini in the local Rio cinema. The original text is part of Col. Quirini’s estate that is in the possession of his family.

CONCLUSION: ‘BETWEEN RESISTANCE AND RETREAT’

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 228-238
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Domestic Policy ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
The Press ◽  
Foreign Office ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Postponement

On returning from his visit to Germany and Czechoslovakia from 6 to 15 August 1938, Lord Allen wrote that he had engaged in ‘hours and hours of talk and NOTHING else whatever’. Could the same assessment also be true of the All Souls Foreign Affairs Group? The group, in fact, never reconvened after the postponement notice sent out on 4 July 1938. What then can be asserted with regard to the impact and historical significance of the All Souls Foreign Affairs Group? Indeed, what was its ‘true character and influence’? Although its history was documented in the papers accumulated during the nine meetings from 18 December 1937 to 15 May 1938, what subsequent role did the more prominent members play in the period leading up to the outbreak of World War II? In reality, the group served precisely the purposes designed by Salter and Allen, essentially acting as a ‘Brains Trust’. The discussions helped the individual members, with diverse experience and with divergent views, to clarify their positions on foreign and domestic policy. They then spoke, wrote publicly, and lobbied the press and the Foreign Office, confident that the issues had been analysed by some of the best elite minds of the period.

scholarly journals „Możesz kląć, możesz płakać, ale wstań i idź dalej”… Ośrodki rehabilitacyjne dla osób niepełnosprawnych po polio w Polsce po II wojnie światowej jako przestrzeń życia codziennego

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Marcin Stasiak
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Source Material ◽  
World War ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rehabilitation Facilities ◽  
Author Keywords

„You can curse, you can cry, but get up and go on...”Rehabilitation centres for people with disabilities resulting from polio in Poland after World War II as an everyday life space The article focuses on selected issues of everyday life of disabled people with polio-related impairments who were treated and rehabilitated in closed rehabilitation facilities. A network of such institutions was established in Poland as a response to polio epidemics outbreak in the early 1950s. The article analyzes the period between the early 1950s and late 1960s. The text highlights the specificity of daily life at these facilities. In particular, I consider interpersonal relations among members of these various communities. In terms of source material, the study is based primarily on autobiographical oral histories collected and recorded by the author. Keywords: history of disability, Poland, rehabilitation, healthcare facilities, 1945–1989

scholarly journals Wartime Housing and Boarding

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Jennifer Dunkerson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Source Material ◽  
World War ◽  
Housing Shortage ◽  
Tax Assessment ◽  
The City

In this study of boarding during World War II, new primary source material is used to reveal a tendency for necessary boarding arrangements in overcrowded, industrial, urban areas. The names, occupations and marital status of boarders were included in the tax assessment rolls for the city of Hamilton in the years spanning 1939 to 1951. Based on contemporary housing studies and more recent analyses of housing and boarding in our industrial past, a correlation may be found between the existence of boarders in a specific area of Hamilton and the nationwide trends of housing shortage, family formation, and wartime production.

Poisoned Partnership: The International Mercury Cartel and Spanish–Italian Relations, 1945–1954

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
PABLO DEL HIERRO ◽  
ESPEN STORLI
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Diplomatic History ◽  
The Political ◽  
World War ◽  
Original Source ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
The Cold War

This article investigates the development of the Spanish–Italian mercury cartel from the end of World War II to the mid-1950s. Previous literature has singled out the cartel as one of the most robust international cartels of the twentieth century, but as this article shows, the cartel broke down toward the end of the 1940s, and although briefly reestablished in 1954, it quickly dissolved again. Building on access to original source material from archives in Spain, Italy, the United States, and United Kingdom, we investigate the underlying reasons why the cartel broke down, and how and why it was eventually reestablished. Because both the main Italian and the Spanish mercury producers were state-owned, this article pays special attention to the influence of the political relations between Spain and Italy on the development of the cartel. The study of the mercury cartel is used as a prism to investigate the point where industry strategies meet government strategies. This article thus contributes to two major strands of literature, both to the business history literature on international cartels in the post-1945 world and to the diplomatic history literature on the intricate relationship between Spain and Italy in the early phase of the Cold War.

scholarly journals Ulotka z pizzerii – zwięzły przekaz do klienta

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Kośmicki Maciej Kośmicki
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Research Data ◽  
World War ◽  
Big Cities

The article presents the phenomenon of pizza as the most popular, especially is bigger cities, fastfood meal which, as a coincidence (approval by Italian elites in the mid-19th century and economic emigrants after World War II), has gradually gained cosmopolitan and popcultural recognition. The empirical project discussed in the paper is based on a qualitative analysis of flyers from pizza restaurants in Poznań. The flyers have turned out to be quite conventional in their form of advertisement as they mostly present pizza from the table or bird’s-eye perspective and avoid human representation. Additionally, while collecting research data, information on diverse models of running such eating places in big cities has been obtained, including: lack of a constant menu or possibility to order pizza by phone and pick it up by a client.

Puerto Rico as a us Commonwealth Since 1952

Puerto Rico ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Duany
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Population Change ◽  
World War

How did the Puerto Rican population change after World War II? The Island’s population growth rate contracted markedly during the second half of the twentieth century. This trend was mainly due to the insular government’s campaigns to reduce birth rates, by encouraging family planning and...

scholarly journals English Women Doctors, Contraception and Family Planning in Transnational Perspective (1930s–70s)

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Rusterholz
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
World War ◽  
Family Planning Services ◽  
Planned Parenthood ◽  
Women Doctors ◽  
The Family ◽  
Level I ◽  
The One

This paper explores the influence of English female doctors on the creation of the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) and the production and circulation of contraceptive knowledge in England and, to a lesser extent in France, between 1930 and 1970. By drawing on the writings of female doctors and proceedings of international conferences as well as the archives of the British Medical Women’s Federation (MWF) and Family Planning Association (FPA), on the one hand, andMouvement Français pour le Planning Familial(MFPF), on the other, this paper explores the agency of English female doctors at the national and transnational level. I recover their pioneering work and argue that they were pivotal in legitimising family planning within medical circles. I then turn to their influence on French doctors after World War II. Not only were English medical women active and experienced agents in the family planning movement in England; they also represented a conduit of information and training crucial for French doctors. Transfer of knowledge across the channel was thus a decisive tool for implementing family planning services in France.

Birth Control, Population Control, and Family Planning: An Overview

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald T. Critchlow
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Population Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
World War ◽  
Family Planning Programs ◽  
Political Controversy ◽  
The 1960S

The cultural fission created by the controversy over birth control and abortion, as Juvenal's satiric comment above indicates, has a long and bitter history. The emergence of the modern state, however, transformed cultural differences into political acrimony as reproduction rights became public policy. In the United States, reproductive rights in the post-World War II period became a matter of political controversy when the federal government began to fund family planning programs domestically and abroad in the 1960s.

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