Comparison of honey and phenytoin (PHT) cream effects on intensity of pain and episiotomy wound healing in nulliparous women

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohadesseh Lavaf ◽  
Masoumeh Simbar ◽  
Faraz Mojab ◽  
Hamid Alavi Majd ◽  
Mansoureh Samimi
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Healing Score ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Better Than

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigates and compares the effect of phenytoin and honey cream on intensity of pain and episiotomy wound healing in nulliparous women.MethodsThis research was conducted by double-blinded randomized clinical trial method on 120 nulliparous women in three groups of phenytoin, honey and placebo. After delivery and episiotomy, mothers used a knuckle of the prescribed creams on their episiotomy area, every night until 10-night. Evaluation of wound healing using REEDA scale and pain intensity with numerical rating scale of pain took place within the first 24 h and after 7 and 14 days of delivery.ResultsResults showed significant differences between healing scores of the three groups for the seventh day after delivery. Healing score in the honey group was lower than that in placebo group. On the fourteenth day after delivery, the healing scores showed no significant differences between the three groups. Measuring pain intensity did not show any significant difference in the three groups after 7 and 14 days of delivery.ConclusionsBoth honey and phenytoin led to episiotomy wound healing; however, honey caused the wound healing better than the phenytoin. Honey and phenytoin did not reduce episiotomy pain.

scholarly journals Effect of Premedication with Anti-inflammatory Drugs on Post-Endodontic Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Camargo Amaral Jorge-Araújo ◽  
Marcelo Carlos Bortoluzzi ◽  
Flares Baratto-Filho ◽  
Fábio André Santos ◽  
Márcia Thaís Pochapski
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rescue Medication ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract In spite of advances in root canal therapy and better knowledge of pulpal and periapical inflammation, up 40% of endodontic patients report varying degrees of pain. The aim of this present study was to compare the effect of single preoperative dose of ibuprofen or dexamethasone on post-endodontic pain. Sixty volunteers were divided into three groups (n=20 per group): PL, placebo; IB, 400 mg of ibuprofen; and DE, 8 mg of dexamethasone. The primary outcome was the post-endodontic pain intensity measured with a numerical rating scale (4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h). Secondary outcomes included number of anesthetic cartridges used and consumption of rescue medication. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests. There was no significant difference among groups (p>0.05) considering the pain intensity. Only 37% of IB group patients and 28% of DE group patients used some rescue medication. On the other hand, 74% of PL group patients mentioned the consumption of rescue medication; PL group had a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in comparison with IB and DE groups. The number of anesthetic cartridges used had no statistically significant difference among the groups (p>0.05). Significant differences were not found in the reduction of pain intensity and the number of anesthetic cartridges used. Considering the consumption of rescue medication (secondary outcome), preoperative administration of Ibuprofen or dexamethasone reduces post-endodontic pain and discomfort in comparison with a placebo. Premedication with anti-inflammatory drugs drugs could be contributed to control of the post-endodontic pain, mainly in patients more sensible for pain.

scholarly journals Effect of warm footbath with vibration on arteriovenous fistula puncture-related pain in hemodialysis patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Zahra Abbas Ali Madadi ◽  
Jalil Azimian ◽  
Farzaneh Falahatpishe ◽  
Mahmoud Alipour Heidari
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Rating Scale Data ◽  
Frequent Hemodialysis

Background: Pain and stress of hemodialysis are experienced by more than 50% of patients who are suffering from renal disease; hence decreasing a part of these adverse effects can be effective on individual’s long term coping with hemodialysis. The current study was done to determine the effect of warm footbath with vibration on arteriovenous fistula puncture-related pain in hemodialysis patients.Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 31 hemodialysis patients in 2014. The patients were selected by simple random sampling method and placed in one group. First, the pain intensity of all patients was measured in the six frequent hemodialysis sessions without any intervention (control method). After two weeks, the intervention of warm footbath with vibration was done on all patients and the pain intensity was measured for six frequent hemodialysis sessions (intervention method). The patients were received 40±2 °C footbath with vibration by foot massage spa machine for ten minutes; then, fistula needles were placed and the pain intensity was assessed by using a numerical rating scale. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and T test.Results: The study group had contained 20 males (64.5%), 11 females (35.5%), with an average age of 44.16±14.85 and a range of 18 to 65 years old, which shows that the pain intensity of the warm footbath with vibration method was lower than the control method (P< 0.05).Conclusions: Warm footbath with vibration can be used as an effective palliative method to reduce pain of hemodialysis patients.

scholarly journals Sedation in the post-anaesthesia care unit

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
Andrius Macas ◽  
Lina Andriuškevičiūtė ◽  
Jūratė Paltanavičiūtė ◽  
Ieva Slauzgalvytė
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Post Anaesthesia Care Unit ◽  
Activity Assessment ◽  
Anaesthetic Care ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Anaesthesia Care

Background. Post-anaesthetic sedation is a common practice as it pro­ vides greater comfort and psychological stability for patients. Some spe­ cialists claim that sedation in the post-anaesthetic care unit (PACU) is applied too seldom due to several reasons. The goal of this study is to evaluate sedation in PACU in several aspects. Materials and methods. A total of 299 patients admitted to the PACU after general, orthopedic-traumatologic or urologic surgical procedures were enrolled in this prospective study. The patients evaluated their qual­ ity of sleep and the worst intensity of pain experienced in PACU, which was assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale. Nurses evaluated sedation using the Motor Activity Assessment Scale and filled in the questionnaire about the importance of sedation. Results. Statistically significant difference was observed in the quality of sleep between the patients sedated using benzodiazepines and opioids together and non-sedated patients (p = 0.025). There is no considerable difference in the statistics concerning the behavior of the patients. The patients prescribed only with opioids IV or IM, as well as the patients prescribed with opioids together with benzodiazepines, feel less intense pain compared to the non-sedated patients (p = 0.016, p = 0.03). Accord­ ing to the personnel, sedation is necessary in PACU. Half of them think that patients prescribed with opioids need additional sedation. Conclusions. Sedation is necessary in PACU. This fact is evident in the statistically significant difference of comfort factors among the patients as well as in the opinion of the nursing personnel that spend most of the time communicating and caring about the comfort of the patients.

scholarly journals Radial extarcorporeal shock waves: therapeutic myofascial protocol

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Barassi Giovanni ◽  
Guglielmi Vito ◽  
Della Rovere Franco ◽  
Di Iulio Antonella ◽  
Licameli Marco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Myofascial Pain ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Trigger Points ◽  
Upper Trapezius ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Base Of Support

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of radial shock waves in myofascial upper trapezius syndrome following the global treatment scheme of key trigger points. Materials and methods 26 patients treated with rESWT (Radial shock wave therapy) after a global postural and myofascial assessment of the patient and the identification of the key trigger points. At the end of the treatment each subject was re-evaluated through the Numerical Rating Scale - NRS and through the examination with Electronic Baropodometer. In this study, we compared the values of NRS and the values of postural biometrics before and after 2 sessions of rESWT, and a statistically significant difference (P <0.05) in all measurements emerged in the values measured with NRS. In the static percentage load, a statistically significant reduction in the percentage load differences (right / left) (P <0.05) was observed in all three evaluation moments (T0, T1, T2). The percentage and statistically significant improvement (P <0.05) were recorded at time T2 in the surface of the ellipse. Greater control of balance and greater awareness of the base of support was found in the calculation of the sway path, in particular with closed eyes. Based on this experience, the use of radial shock waves in pathologies related to myofascial pain with postural implications would be desirable.

What is the clinical relevance of the Numerical rating scale for pain?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia Cox
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Patient Global Impression ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Global Impression Of Change

The landmark paper discussed in this chapter is ‘Clinical importance of changes in chronic pain intensity measured on an 11-point numerical pain rating scale’, published by Farrar et al. in 2001. The numerical rating scale is now the standard instrument used in chronic pain studies to measure pain intensity. Farrar et al. determined the changes in pain intensity that were clinically significant for studies of chronic pain while measuring the patient’s global impression of change. The paper used pooled data from ten recent studies of pregabalin in 2,724 subjects. The authors reported a consistent relationship between pain intensity and patient global impression of change, regardless of study, disease type, age, sex, study result, or treatment group. A reduction of approximately two points on the numerical rating scale, or of 30% in the global impression of change of pain intensity, represented a clinically important difference.

scholarly journals Jaw Exercise Therapy and Psychoeducation to Reduce Oral Parafunctional Activities for the Management of Persistent Dentoalveolar Pain

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Izumi Makino ◽  
Young-Chang Arai ◽  
Shuichi Aono ◽  
Masayuki Inoue ◽  
Hiroki Sakurai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Therapy Treatment ◽  
Nonpharmacological Treatments

Objective. To retrospectively analyze the effects of our original combination therapy treatment on patients with nonodontogenic persistent dentoalveolar pain. Methods. Twenty-one patients suffering from persistent dentoalveolar pain (nineteen females and two males; mean age ± standard deviation: 55.7 ± 19.6 years) participated in this study. They were treated with a therapy combination of jaw exercise and psychoeducation to reduce oral parafunctional activities every month. The intensity of pain in these subjects was evaluated using a numerical rating scale (NRS) before and after treatment. Results. The NRSs at the baseline ranged from 5 to 10 (median, 8), from 0 to 10 (median, 2) at one month after treatment, from 0 to 10 (median, 1) at three months after treatment, and from 0 to 10 (median, 0) at the end of treatment. Pain intensity after treatment improved significantly. Conclusion. There was a significant reduction in pain after our combination of therapies as nonpharmacological treatments, and therefore this treatment could be useful in the management of NPDP patients.

Agreement Between Verbal and Electronic Versions of the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS-11) when Used to Assess Pain Intensity in Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Castarlenas ◽  
Elisabet Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Rocío de la Vega ◽  
Roman Roset ◽  
Jordi Miró
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating

On the electronic measurement of pain intensity: Can we use different pain intensity scales interchangeably?

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 1658-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Elena Castarlenas ◽  
Rocío de la Vega ◽  
Roman Roset ◽  
Jordi Miró
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Maximum Intensity ◽  
Bland Altman Method ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Electronic Measurement

The objective of this work was to study the agreement between four pain intensity scales when administered electronically: the Numerical Rating Scale-11, the Faces Pain Scale-Revised, the Visual Analogue Scale and the Coloured Analogue Scale. In all, 180 schoolchildren between 12 and 19 years old participated in the study. They had to report the maximum intensity of their most frequent pain using the electronic versions of the four scales. Agreement was calculated using the Bland–Altman method. Results show that the electronic versions of Numerical Rating Scale-11, Coloured Analogue Scale and Visual Analogue Scale can be used interchangeably.

scholarly journals Kambin’s Triangle Approach versus Traditional Safe Triangle Approach for Percutaneous Transforaminal Epidural Adhesiolysis Using an Inflatable Balloon Catheter: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1996
Author(s):  
Gil ◽  
Jeong ◽  
Cho ◽  
Choi ◽  
Nahm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Oswestry Disability Index ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Balloon Catheter ◽  
Epidural Block ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Numerical Rating

Spinal stenosis is a common condition in elderly individuals. Many patients are unresponsive to the conventional treatment. If the transforaminal epidural block does not exert a sufficient treatment effect, percutaneous transforaminal epidural adhesiolysis (PTFA) through the safe-triangle approach using an inflatable balloon catheter can reduce the patients’ pain and improve their functional capacity. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Kambin’s-triangle approach for PTFA using an inflatable balloon catheter and compare this approach to the traditional safe-triangle approach. Thirty patients with chronic unilateral L5 radiculopathy were divided into two groups: the safe-triangle-approach and Kambin’s-triangle-approach groups, with 15 patients each. The success rate of the procedure was assessed. Pain and dysfunction were assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale and Oswestry Disability Index, respectively, before the procedure and at 1 and 3 months after the procedure. The success rate of the procedure was high in both the groups, with no significant difference between the groups. The Numerical Rating Scale and Oswestry Disability Index scores significantly decreased 3 months after the procedure in both the groups, with no significant difference between the groups. For patients in whom the safe-triangle approach for PTFA is difficult, the Kambin’s-triangle approach could be an alternative.

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