Evaluation of Network Blocking Probability and Network Utilization Efficiency on Proposed Elastic Optical Network using RSA Algorithms

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Sharma ◽  
Suresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Blocking Probability ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Variable Load ◽  
Spectrum Assignment ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Network Utilization ◽  
New Generation

AbstractElastic optical networks (EONs) are new generation optical networks that provide flexible bandwidth and spectrum assignment characteristics to accommodate diverse demand range over traditional dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM)-based networks. While overcoming spectrum contiguity and continuity constraints, Routing and Spectrum Assignment (RSA) is a challenging task in EONs. In this article, we have proposed an EON network model. Using existing RSA techniques we have analyzed the performance of the proposed model on the basis of Network Blocking Probability (NBP) and Network Utilization Efficiency (NUE) under variable load conditions. It has been found to be working optimally even at a load of 200 Erlangs.

scholarly journals Optimization of Optical Networks Based on CDC-ROADM Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Kozdrowski ◽  
Mateusz Żotkiewicz ◽  
Sławomir Sujecki
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Network Services ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexed ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

New generation of optical nodes in dense wavelength division multiplexed networks enables operators to improve service flexibility and make significant savings, both in operational and capital expenditures. Thus the main objective of the study is to minimize optical node resources, such as transponders, multiplexers and wavelength selective switches, needed to provide and maintain high quality dense wavelength division multiplexed network services using new generation of optical nodes. A model based on integer programming is proposed, which includes a detailed description of an optical network node. The impact on the network performance of conventional reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer technology is compared with colorless, directionless and contentionless approaches. The main focus of the presented study is the analysis of the network congestion problem arising in the context of both reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer technologies. The analysis is supported by results of numerical experiments carried out for realistic networks of different dimensions and traffic demand sets.

Switch Architecture with Wavelength Conversion in Optical Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 474-476 ◽  
pp. 1479-1482
Author(s):  
Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Wavelength Conversion ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Wdm Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Converter ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Wavelength Reuse ◽  
Network Flexibility

In this paper, we analyze the optical network with wavelength conversion, and discuss the architecture of network with wavelength converter in its node. The optical cross connects technology for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is rapidly developing. Wavelength conversion is one of the key techniques for switch WDM optical networks. The wavelength conversion technology can achieve wavelength reuse, decrease wavelength competition, enhance network flexibility and scalability, and simplify network structure and management. The results show that If these cross-connectors feature integrated with wavelength conversion, network will be better able to play the full potential of WDM optical networks.

scholarly journals Fragmentation-Aware Traffic Grooming with Lane Changes in Spectrally–Spatially Flexible Optical Networks

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1502
Author(s):  
Piotr Lechowicz ◽  
Aleksandra Knapińska ◽  
Róża Goścień
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Blocking Probability ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Traffic Grooming ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Lane Changes

Traffic in current networks is constantly increasing due to the growing popularity of various network services. The currently deployed backbone optical networks apply wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) techniques in single-core single-mode fibers (SMFs) to transmit the light. However, the capacity of SMFs is limited due to physical constraints, and new technologies are required in the near future. Spectrally–spatially-flexible optical networks (SS-FONs) are proposed to provide a substantial capacity increase by exploring the spatial dimension. However, before this technology will reach maturity, various aspects need to be addressed. In particular, during traffic grooming, multiple small requests are aggregated into large-capacity optical corridors in an optical layer to increase the spectral efficiency. As the summary traffic volume is dynamically changing, it may be required to set up and tear down optical channels, which results in network fragmentation. As a consequence, in a congested network, part of the requests can be blocked due to the lack of spectrum resources. Thus, the grooming of traffic and the creation of lightpaths should be carefully designed to minimize network fragmentation. In this study, we present several fragmentation metrics and develop a fragmentation-aware traffic grooming algorithm that reduces the bandwidth blocking probability.

scholarly journals The Gain of Performance of Optical WDM Networks

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Miroslav Bahleda ◽  
Karol Blunar
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Wavelength Conversion ◽  
Blocking Probability ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Wdm Networks ◽  
Single Fiber ◽  
Conversion Degree ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Optical Wdm

We study the blocking probability and performance of single-fiber and multifiber optical networks with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). We extend the well-known analytical blocking probability model by Barry and Humblet to the general model, which is proposed for both single-fiber and multifiber network paths with any kind of wavelength conversion (no, limited, or full wavelength conversion) and for uniform and nonuniform link loads. We investigate the effect of the link load, wavelength conversion degree, and the number of wavelengths, fibers, and hops on blocking probability. We also extend the definition of the gain of wavelength conversion by Barry and Humblet to the gain of performance, which is fully general. Thanks to this definition and implementation of our model, we compare different WDM node architectures and present interesting results.

scholarly journals Multi-Dimensional Routing, Wavelength, and Timeslot Allocation (RWTA) in Quantum Key Distribution Optical Networks (QKD-ON)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Xiaosong Yu ◽  
Xian Ning ◽  
Qingcheng Zhu ◽  
Jiaqi Lv ◽  
Yongli Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Time Slot ◽  
Blocking Probability ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Wavelength Division

Currently, with the continuous advancement of network and communication technology, the amount of data carried by the optical network is very huge. The security of high-speed and large-capacity information in optical networks has attracted more and more attention. Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides information-theoretic security based on the laws of quantum mechanics. Introducing QKD into an optical network can greatly improve the security of the optical network. In order to reduce the cost of deployment on QKD infrastructure, quantum signals in QKD and classical signals in optical networks are multiplexed in the same fiber by wavelength-division manner. Moreover, due to the limited wavelength resources in an optical fiber, time-division technology is adopted to construct different kinds of channels in QKD system for efficient utilization of wavelength resources. Under such situation, how to satisfy the security requirements of service requests and complete the efficient scheduling of multi-dimensional resources, i.e., wavelengths and timeslots, is a challenging problem. This paper addresses this problem by considering multi-dimensional routing, wavelength, and timeslot allocation (RWTA) in short-distance quantum key distribution optical networks (QKD-ON), in which any two nodes can directly establish a quantum channel, and the maximum distance between any two nodes is less than the distance that can carry out point-to-point quantum key distribution process. While accommodating services with security requirements in QKD optical networks, to avoid the wavelength time-slot fragmentation caused by the constraints of wavelength consistency and time-slot continuity, we propose a time-window-based security orchestration strategy as well as relative-loss of time continuous compactness based RWTA strategy. We conducted the simulations under various scenarios, e.g., different key updating periods and different distributions on wavelength resources, etc., and the results show that the proposed strategy can achieve better performance compared with the baselines in terms of key success rate, key-updating delay, and blocking probability.

scholarly journals An Effective Evaluation of Wavelength Scheduling for Various WDM-PON Network Designs with Traffic Protection Provision

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1540
Author(s):  
Rastislav Róka
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Hybrid Network ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexed ◽  
Network Topologies ◽  
Matlab Programming ◽  
Wdm Pon

Recently, metropolitan and access communication networks have markedly developed by utilizing a variety of technologies. Their bearer communication infrastructures will be mostly exploiting the optical transmission medium where wavelength division multiplexing techniques will play an important role. This contribution discusses the symmetric sharing of common optical network resources in wavelength and time domains. Wavelength-Division Multiplexed Passive Optical Networks (WDM-PON) attract considerable attention regarding the next generation of optical metropolitan and access networks. The main purpose of this contribution is presented by the analysis of possible scheduling of wavelengths for our novel hybrid network topologies considered for WDM-PON networks. This contribution briefly deploys adequate Dynamic Wavelength Allocation (DWA) algorithms for selected WDM-PON network designs with the provision of traffic protection when only passive optical components in remote nodes are utilized. The main part of this study is focused on the use of wavelength scheduling methods for selected WDM-PON network designs. For evaluation of offline and online wavelength scheduling for novel hybrid network topologies, a simulation model realized in the Matlab programming environment allows to analyze interactions between various metropolitan and access parts in the Optical Distribution Network (ODN) related to advanced WDM-PON network designs. Finally, wavelength scheduling methods are compared from a viewpoint of utilization in advanced WDM-PON networks designs.

SYMMETRIC COMMUNICATION IN ALL-OPTICAL TREE NETWORKS

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
IOANNIS CARAGIANNIS ◽  
CHRISTOS KAKLAMANIS ◽  
PINO PERSIANO
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Engineering Problem ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Underlying Network ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Optical Bandwidth

We address the problem of allocating optical bandwidth to a set of communication requests in a tree-shaped all-optical network that utilizes Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology. WDM technology establishes communication between pairs of nodes of the network by establishing tranceiver–receiver paths and assigning wavelengths to each path so that no two paths going through the same link use the same wavelength. Optical bandwidth is the number of distinct wavelengths. The important engineering problem to be solved is to establish communication between pairs of nodes so that the total number of wavelengths used is minimized. In this paper, we focus on a special case of the problem considering patterns of requests that are symmetric, i.e. for any transmitter–receiver pair of nodes (v1, v2) there also exists its symmetric (v2, v1). Our motivation lies in the fact that many services that are expected to be supported by high performance optical networks in the future, require bidirectional reservation of bandwidth. We prove that the problem of optimizing the number of wavelengths used is NP-hard even when the underlying network is a binary tree. We also present two interesting lower bounds.

Realizing Exchanged Crossed Cube Communication Patterns on Linear Array WDM Optical Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (06) ◽  
pp. 1003-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Liang Liu ◽  
Jou-Ming Chang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Interconnection Network ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Wavelength Assignment ◽  
Wdm Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Crossed Cube

The exchanged crossed cube, denoted by [Formula: see text], is a novel interconnection network with fewer edges and smaller diameter compared to other variations of the corresponding hypercube. The linear array, denoted by [Formula: see text], is one of the most popular topologies in optical networks. This paper addresses the routing and wavelength assignment for realizing [Formula: see text] communication pattern on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical network [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. We prove that the congestion for [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text] is equal to [Formula: see text], which is the lower bound of the minimum number of required wavelengths. In addition, an embedding scheme and an optimal wavelength assignment algorithm that achieve this bound are also proposed.

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