scholarly journals Do They Still Matter? – Impact of Fossil Fuels on Electricity Prices in the Light of Increased Renewable Generation

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Lips
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Electricity Prices ◽  
Bootstrap Approach ◽  
The Stability

AbstractDuring the last years, the German energy sector and especially its electricity market was affected by a major energy transition, the so called „Energiewende“. This transition led to an increase of electricity production from renewable sources and thereby affected the whole electricity market. Therefore, it provides lessons for countries, which are only beginning a similar transition away from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. The aim of this analysis is to assess if there still exists a relationship between fossil fuel and electricity prices. Due to possible structural breaks in the time series a minimum Lagrange Multiplier (LM) stationarity test is applied, which endogenously determines possible structural breaks. Subsequently a bootstrap approach is used to estimate confidence intervals (C.I.s) for the test statistic and the possible break dates. Furthermore, the stability of the cointegration vector is assessed with the test by Hansen and Johansen (

scholarly journals Energy transition and willingness to pay for renewable energy: The case of environmental students

2021 ◽  
Vol 899 (1) ◽  
pp. 012048
Author(s):  
Evangelia Karasmanaki
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Sources

Abstract Examining willingness-to-pay (WTP) for renewable energy sources (RES) as well as views on energy topics can enable policymakers to design effective measures for facilitating the transition from fossil fuels to a renewable-based energy system. The aim of this study was to investigate environmental students’ willingness-to-pay for renewables and their views on various energy topics. Results showed that respondents preferred renewable-based electricity production to conventional energy production while solar energy emerged as the most preferred renewable type. In addition, most respondents were willing to pay for renewable energy but would pay relatively low sums of money per month. Moreover, respondents were divided over whether new lignite plants should be constructed in Greece. Finally, social media and special websites were the most favored media of daily information.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development Policy and Renewable Energy in Poland

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2244
Author(s):  
Maciej Serowaniec
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Stability

(1) Background: This article aims to answer the question of whether the Republic of Poland, by stipulating in the Constitution of 1997 the principle of sustainable development and ecological security, has created favourable conditions for the development of renewable energy. (2) Methods: The research is conducted using descriptive methods and—due to the legal nature of the publication and the crucial role played by the dogmatic method—it consists of the interpretation of legal acts and court decisions. (3) Results: Over the last few years, state authorities have introduced a number of regulatory and legal mechanisms to increase the stability of the operation of renewable energy sources, including the development of biomass or geothermal energy, as well as the development of energy clusters and cooperatives. This article characterises specific solutions and assesses their effectiveness. (4) Conclusions: The state authorities should take further specific actions aimed at achieving the sustainable development of the renewable energy sector in Poland. These actions should be primarily aimed at the use of huge resources of renewable energy sources, saving the consumption of energy resources, reducing the demand for final energy, gradually converting electricity production from coal to renewable energy sources (RES), and moving away from fossil fuels for heat production in favour of RES.

scholarly journals Electricity Markets during the Liberalization: The Case of a European Union Country

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4317
Author(s):  
Štefan Bojnec ◽  
Alan Križaj
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Electricity Prices ◽  
Electricity Power

This paper analyzes electricity markets in Slovenia during the specific period of market deregulation and price liberalization. The drivers of electricity prices and electricity consumption are investigated. The Slovenian electricity markets are analyzed in relation with the European Energy Exchange (EEX) market. Associations between electricity prices on the one hand, and primary energy prices, variation in air temperature, daily maximum electricity power, and cross-border grid prices on the other hand, are analyzed separately for industrial and household consumers. Monthly data are used in a regression analysis during the period of Slovenia’s electricity market deregulation and price liberalization. Empirical results show that electricity prices achieved in the EEX market were significantly associated with primary energy prices. In Slovenia, the prices for daily maximum electricity power were significantly associated with electricity prices achieved on the EEX market. The increases in electricity prices for households, however, cannot be explained with developments in electricity prices on the EEX market. As the period analyzed is the stage of market deregulation and price liberalization, this can have important policy implications for the countries that still have regulated and monopolized electricity markets. Opening the electricity markets is expected to increase competition and reduce pressures for electricity price increases. However, the experiences and lessons learned among the countries following market deregulation and price liberalization are mixed. For industry, electricity prices affect cost competitiveness, while for households, electricity prices, through expenses, affect their welfare. A competitive and efficient electricity market should balance between suppliers’ and consumers’ market interests. With greening the energy markets and the development of the CO2 emission trading market, it is also important to encourage use of renewable energy sources.

Analyzing the impact of fossil fuel import reliance on electricity prices: The case of the Iberian Electricity Market

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 687-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca Moreno ◽  
María T García-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Electricity Prices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Spain and Portugal are highly dependent on energy from abroad, importing more than 70% of all the energy they consume. This high energy dependence could involve important effects on the level and stability of their electricity prices as a half the gross electricity generated in both countries came from power stations using imported combustible fuels (such as natural gas, coal and oil). In general, changes in the prices of these fossil fuels can directly affect household electricity prices, since generation costs are likely to be transmitted through to the wholesale electricity market. Moreover, in the framework of the European Union Emission Trading System, electricity production technologies tend to incorporate their costs of carbon dioxide emission allowances in sale offers with the consequent increase of the electricity prices. The objective of this paper is to analyze the influence of fossil fuel costs and prices of carbon dioxide emission allowances in the EU on the Spanish and Portuguese electricity prices. With this aim, a maximum entropy econometric approach is used. The obtained results indicate that not only the price of imported gas are very important in explaining Spanish and Portuguese electricity prices but also the price of carbon dioxide emission allowances in the EU.

Modern Optimization Algorithms and Applications in Solar Photovoltaic Engineering

2016 ◽  
pp. 390-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Tyukhov ◽  
Hegazy Rezk ◽  
Pandian Vasant
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Primary Energy Supply ◽  
Power Point

This chapter is devoted to main tendencies of optimization in photovoltaic (PV) engineering showing the main trends in modern energy transition - the changes in the composition (structure) of primary energy supply, the gradual shift from a traditional (mainly based on fossil fuels) energy to a new stage based on renewable energy systems from history to current stage and to future. The concrete examples (case studies) of optimization PV systems in different concepts of using from power electronics (particularly maximum power point tracking optimization) to implementing geographic information system (GIS) are considered. The chapter shows the gradual shifting optimization from specific quite narrow areas to the new stages of optimization of the very complex energy systems (actually smart grids) based on photovoltaics and also other renewable energy sources and GIS.

scholarly journals Enhanced Operating Temperature Stability of Organic Solar Cells with Metal Oxide Hole Extraction Layer

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donggu Lee ◽  
Junmo Kim ◽  
Gyeongtae Park ◽  
Hyeong Woo Bae ◽  
Myungchan An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Performance Reduction ◽  
The Stability

Organic solar cells (OSCs) are promising renewable energy sources for replacing fossil fuels. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OSCs has increased based on tremendous effort in material and device engineering. Still, the stability of OSC, such as long lifetime, negative temperature coefficient, must be enhanced for commercialization. In this study, we investigated OSC performance at a high operating temperature near 300–420 K, which are typical temperature regions in photovoltaic applications, with a different hole-extraction layer (HEL). The metal oxide-based HEL, MoO3, exhibited stable operating properties with a PCE drop rate of −0.13%/°C, as compared to polymeric HEL, PEDOT:PSS (−0.20%/°C). This performance reduction of polymeric HEL originated from the degradation of the interface in contact with PEDOT:PSS, as compared to the robust inorganic metal oxide HEL.

scholarly journals Considerations Regarding the Negative Prices on the Electricity Market

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Pavel Atănăsoae ◽  
Radu Dumitru Pentiuc ◽  
Eugen Hopulele
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Prices ◽  
Market Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Market Coupling

Increasing of intermittent production from renewable energy sources significantly affects the distribution of electricity prices. In this paper, we analyze the impact of renewable energy sources on the formation of electricity prices on the Day-Ahead Market (DAM). The case of the 4M Market Coupling Project is analyzed: Czech-Slovak-Hungarian-Romanian market areas. As a result of the coupling of electricity markets and the increasing share of renewable energy sources, different situations have been identified in which prices are very volatile.

scholarly journals A Review of Key Performance Indicators for Building Flexibility Quantification to Support the Clean Energy Transition

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5676
Author(s):  
Girolama Airò Farulla ◽  
Giovanni Tumminia ◽  
Francesco Sergi ◽  
Davide Aloisio ◽  
Maurizio Cellura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Key Performance Indicators ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
The Stability

The transition to a sustainable society and a carbon-neutral economy by 2050 requires extensive deployment of renewable energy sources that, due to the aleatority and non-programmability of most of them, may seriously affect the stability of existing power grids. In this context, buildings are increasingly being seen as a potential source of energy flexibility for the power grid. In literature, key performance indicators, allowing different aspects of the load management, are used to investigate buildings’ energy flexibility. The paper reviews existing indicators developed in the context of theoretical, experimental and numerical studies on flexible buildings, outlining the current status and the potential future perspective. Moreover, the paper briefly reviews the range of grid services that flexible buildings can provide to support the reliability of the electric power system which is potentially challenged by the increasing interconnection of distributed variable renewable generation.

scholarly journals Legal nature of the Power Purchase Agreement at the feed-in-tariff

1970 ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
Nataliia Nykytchenko ◽  
Katerina Gordienko
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Feed In Tariff

The article analyzes the procedure of buying the electricity according to the feed-in-tariff (FIT) and the model («Typovyi») Power Purchase Agreement, in connection with the introduction of a new electricity market and the order of Renewable producers` business. Specific features of the model Power Purchase Agreement conclusion between Renewable producers and the Guaranteed Buyer are defined. It also analyzed the differences between the model Power Purchase Agreement and the oriental agreement as well as researched a mechanism of investors protection who would invest in the Renewable projects. The authors of the article have made a comparative analysis of the different Power Purchase Agreement`s editions, in particular: actual model agreement form and oriental agreement according to which the Renewable producers are no longer work but the provisions contained therein make it possible to analyze the process and the reasons for adoption of the new one form. Effectiveness of a new electricity market introduction from July 1, 2019 depends on the regulation of the activities for all the market participants. Special operating conditions have been provided for the Renewable electricity producers. In particular, with the introduction of a new market, Renewable electricity producers began to sell electricity to the Guaranteed Buyer, the successor of the SE «Energorynok». However, in order to implement the new procedure of work for the Renewable producers, the Regulator needed to approve certain regulatory acts. With this purpose, in September 2018, the National Commission for State Regulation in the Fields of Energy and Utilities published a draft resolution «On approval of regulatory acts regulating the activity of a guaranteed buyer and purchase of electricity at feed-in-tariff», which contained the form a new model contract for the sale of electricity at feed-in-tariff between a Guaranteed buyer and an entity that produces electricity using alternative energy sources as well as the order of purchase and sale of electricity at FIT. As rightly expected, the approval of these regulations is an important element not only for functioning of the new electricity market, but also for the continued growth of electricity production from renewable energy sources and attracting international investments.

scholarly journals Analysis of Competitiveness and Support Instruments for Heat and Electricity Production from Wood Biomass in Latvia

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
G. Klavs ◽  
I. Kudrenickis ◽  
A. Kundzina
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Wood Biomass ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Feed In Tariff

Analysis of Competitiveness and Support Instruments for Heat and Electricity Production from Wood Biomass in Latvia Utilisation of renewable energy sources is one of the key factors in a search for efficient ways of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases and improving the energy supply security. So far, the district heating supply in Latvia has been based on natural gas, with the wood fuel playing a minor role; the same is true for decentralised combined heat-power (CHP) production. The paper describes a method for evaluation of the economic feasibility of heat and electricity production from wood biomass under the competition between different fuel types and taking into account the electricity market. For the simulation, a cost estimation model is applied. The results demonstrate that wood biomass can successfully be utilised for competitive heat production by boiler houses, while for electricity production by CHP utilities it cannot compete on the market (even despite the low prices on wood biomass fuel) unless particular financial support instruments are applied. The authors evaluate the necessary support level and the impact of two main support instruments - the investment subsidies and the feed-in tariff - on the economic viability of wood-fuelled CHP plants, and show that the feed-in tariff could be considered as an instrument strongly affecting the competitiveness of such type CHP. Regarding the feed-in tariff determination, a compromise should be found between the economy-dictated requirement to develop CHP projects concerning capacities above 5 MWel - on the one hand, and the relatively small heat loads in many Latvian towns - on the other.

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