scholarly journals Fundamentals and applications of SERS-based bioanalytical sensing

Nanophotonics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 831-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Kahraman ◽  
Emma R. Mullen ◽  
Aysun Korkmaz ◽  
Sebastian Wachsmann-Hogiu
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Interface Surface ◽  
Bioanalytical Applications ◽  
Care Technology

AbstractPlasmonics is an emerging field that examines the interaction between light and metallic nanostructures at the metal-dielectric interface. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful analytical technique that uses plasmonics to obtain detailed chemical information of molecules or molecular assemblies adsorbed or attached to nanostructured metallic surfaces. For bioanalytical applications, these surfaces are engineered to optimize for high enhancement factors and molecular specificity. In this review we focus on the fabrication of SERS substrates and their use for bioanalytical applications. We review the fundamental mechanisms of SERS and parameters governing SERS enhancement. We also discuss developments in the field of novel SERS substrates. This includes the use of different materials, sizes, shapes, and architectures to achieve high sensitivity and specificity as well as tunability or flexibility. Different fundamental approaches are discussed, such as label-free and functional assays. In addition, we highlight recent relevant advances for bioanalytical SERS applied to small molecules, proteins, DNA, and biologically relevant nanoparticles. Subsequently, we discuss the importance of data analysis and signal detection schemes to achieve smaller instruments with low cost for SERS-based point-of-care technology developments. Finally, we review the main advantages and challenges of SERS-based biosensing and provide a brief outlook.

scholarly journals Integrating high-performing electrochemical transducers in lateral flow assay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Perju ◽  
Nongnoot Wongkaew
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Analytical Performance ◽  
Label Free ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays ◽  
Electrochemical Transducers

AbstractLateral flow assays (LFAs) are the best-performing and best-known point-of-care tests worldwide. Over the last decade, they have experienced an increasing interest by researchers towards improving their analytical performance while maintaining their robust assay platform. Commercially, visual and optical detection strategies dominate, but it is especially the research on integrating electrochemical (EC) approaches that may have a chance to significantly improve an LFA’s performance that is needed in order to detect analytes reliably at lower concentrations than currently possible. In fact, EC-LFAs offer advantages in terms of quantitative determination, low-cost, high sensitivity, and even simple, label-free strategies. Here, the various configurations of EC-LFAs published are summarized and critically evaluated. In short, most of them rely on applying conventional transducers, e.g., screen-printed electrode, to ensure reliability of the assay, and additional advances are afforded by the beneficial features of nanomaterials. It is predicted that these will be further implemented in EC-LFAs as high-performance transducers. Considering the low cost of point-of-care devices, it becomes even more important to also identify strategies that efficiently integrate nanomaterials into EC-LFAs in a high-throughput manner while maintaining their favorable analytical performance.

scholarly journals Portable tumor biosensing of serum by plasmonic biochips in combination with nanoimprint and microfluidics

Nanophotonics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianyang Zhou ◽  
Feng Tao ◽  
Jinfeng Zhu ◽  
Shaowei Lin ◽  
Zhengying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nanoimprint Lithography ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Portable Detection ◽  
Clinical Experiments

AbstractPlasmonic sensing has a great potential in the portable detection of human tumor markers, among which the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is one of the most widely used in clinical medicine. Traditional plasmonic and non-plasmonic methods for CEA biosensing are still not suitable for the fast developing era of Internet of things. In this study, we build up a cost-effective plasmonic immunochip platform for rapid portable detection of CEA by combining soft nanoimprint lithography, microfluidics, antibody functionalization, and mobile fiber spectrometry. The plasmonic gold nanocave array enables stable surface functionality, high sensitivity, and simple reflective measuring configuration in the visible range. The rapid quantitative CEA sensing is implemented by a label-free scheme, and the detection capability for the concentration of less than 5 ng/ml is achieved in clinical experiments, which is much lower than the CEA cancer diagnosis threshold of 20 ng/ml and absolutely sufficient for medical applications. Clinical tests of the chip on detecting human serums demonstrate good agreement with conventional medical examinations and great advantages on simultaneous multichannel detections for high-throughput and multi-marker biosensing. Our platform provides promising opportunities on low-cost and compact medical devices and systems with rapid and sensitive tumor detection for point-of-care diagnosis and mobile healthcare.

scholarly journals Demonstration of a Label-Free and Low-Cost Optical Cavity-Based Biosensor Using Streptavidin and C-Reactive Protein

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Donggee Rho ◽  
Seunghyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Optical Cavity ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Label Free ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Cavity Structure

An optical cavity-based biosensor (OCB) has been developed for point-of-care (POC) applications. This label-free biosensor employs low-cost components and simple fabrication processes to lower the overall cost while achieving high sensitivity using a differential detection method. To experimentally demonstrate its limit of detection (LOD), we conducted biosensing experiments with streptavidin and C-reactive protein (CRP). The optical cavity structure was optimized further for better sensitivity and easier fluid control. We utilized the polymer swelling property to fine-tune the optical cavity width, which significantly improved the success rate to produce measurable samples. Four different concentrations of streptavidin were tested in triplicate, and the LOD of the OCB was determined to be 1.35 nM. The OCB also successfully detected three different concentrations of human CRP using biotinylated CRP antibody. The LOD for CRP detection was 377 pM. All measurements were done using a small sample volume of 15 µL within 30 min. By reducing the sensing area, improving the functionalization and passivation processes, and increasing the sample volume, the LOD of the OCB are estimated to be reduced further to the femto-molar range. Overall, the demonstrated capability of the OCB in the present work shows great potential to be used as a promising POC biosensor.

scholarly journals Microfluidics-Based Plasmonic Biosensing System Based on Patterned Plasmonic Nanostructure Arrays

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 826
Author(s):  
Yanting Liu ◽  
Xuming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Microfluidic Chips ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Plasmonic Nanostructure ◽  
Point Of Care Diagnostics ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Nanostructure Arrays

This review aims to summarize the recent advances and progress of plasmonic biosensors based on patterned plasmonic nanostructure arrays that are integrated with microfluidic chips for various biomedical detection applications. The plasmonic biosensors have made rapid progress in miniaturization sensors with greatly enhanced performance through the continuous advances in plasmon resonance techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and localized SPR (LSPR)-based refractive index sensing, SPR imaging (SPRi), and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Meanwhile, microfluidic integration promotes multiplexing opportunities for the plasmonic biosensors in the simultaneous detection of multiple analytes. Particularly, different types of microfluidic-integrated plasmonic biosensor systems based on versatile patterned plasmonic nanostructured arrays were reviewed comprehensively, including their methods and relevant typical works. The microfluidics-based plasmonic biosensors provide a high-throughput platform for the biochemical molecular analysis with the advantages such as ultra-high sensitivity, label-free, and real time performance; thus, they continue to benefit the existing and emerging applications of biomedical studies, chemical analyses, and point-of-care diagnostics.

scholarly journals Electroanalytical Biosensors for Circulating Tumor DNA Detection—A Brief Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijia Peng ◽  
Xiaogang Lin ◽  
Weiqi Nian ◽  
Xiaodong Zheng ◽  
Jayne Wu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Minimal Invasive ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Tumor Dna

Early diagnosis and treatment have always been highly desired in the fight against cancer, and detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has recently been touted as highly promising for early cancer screening. Consequently, the detection of ctDNA in liquid biopsy gains much attention in the field of tumor diagnosis and treatment, which has also attracted research interest from the industry. However, traditional gene detection technology is difficult to achieve low cost, real-time and portable measurement of ctDNA. Electroanalytical biosensors have many unique advantages such as high sensitivity, high specificity, low cost and good portability. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the latest development of biosensors for minimal-invasive, rapid, and real-time ctDNA detection. Various ctDNA sensors are reviewed with respect to their choices of receptor probes, detection strategies and figures of merit. Aiming at the portable, real-time and non-destructive characteristics of biosensors, we analyze their development in the Internet of Things, point-of-care testing, big data and big health.

scholarly journals Label-free DNA biosensing by topological light confinement

Nanophotonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluigi Zito ◽  
Gennaro Sanità ◽  
Bryan Guilcapi Alulema ◽  
Sofía N. Lara Yépez ◽  
Vittorino Lanzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Bound States ◽  
Production Control ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Light Confinement ◽  
Binding Event ◽  
The Continuum

Abstract Large-area and transparent all-dielectric metasurfaces sustaining photonic bound states in the continuum (BICs) provide a set of fundamental advantages for ultrasensitive biosensing. BICs bridge the gap of large effective mode volume with large experimental quality factor. Relying on the transduction mechanism of reactive sensing principle, herein, we first numerically study the potential of subwavelength confinement driven by topological decoupling from free space radiation for BIC-based biosensing. Then, we experimentally combine this capability with minimal and low-cost optical setup, applying the devised quasi-BIC resonator for PNA/DNA selective biosensing with real-time monitoring of the binding event. A sensitivity of 20 molecules per micron squared is achieved, i.e. ≃0.01 pg. Further enhancement can easily be envisaged, pointing out the possibility of single-molecule regime. This work aims at a precise and ultrasensitive approach for developing low-cost point-of-care tools suitable for routine disease prescreening analyses in laboratory, also adaptable to industrial production control.

scholarly journals Plasmonics for Biosensing

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Han ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Changsen Sun
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Plasmonic Resonance ◽  
Hybrid Functions ◽  
Resonance Modes

Techniques based on plasmonic resonance can provide label-free, signal enhanced, and real-time sensing means for bioparticles and bioprocesses at the molecular level. With the development in nanofabrication and material science, plasmonics based on synthesized nanoparticles and manufactured nano-patterns in thin films have been prosperously explored. In this short review, resonance modes, materials, and hybrid functions by simultaneously using electrical conductivity for plasmonic biosensing techniques are exclusively reviewed for designs containing nanovoids in thin films. This type of plasmonic biosensors provide prominent potential to achieve integrated lab-on-a-chip which is capable of transporting and detecting minute of multiple bio-analytes with extremely high sensitivity, selectivity, multi-channel and dynamic monitoring for the next generation of point-of-care devices.

scholarly journals Label-free highly sensitive probe detection with novel hierarchical SERS substrates fabricated by nanoindentation and chemical reaction methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2483-2496
Author(s):  
Jingran Zhang ◽  
Tianqi Jia ◽  
Yongda Yan ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Peng Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Enhancement Factor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Copper Surface ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Nanostructures have been widely employed in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. Recently, in order to obtain a higher enhancement factor at a lower detection limit, hierarchical structures, including nanostructures and nanoparticles, appear to be viable SERS substrate candidates. Here we describe a novel method integrating the nanoindentation process and chemical redox reaction to machine a hierarchical SERS substrate. The micro/nanostructures are first formed on a Cu(110) plane and then Ag nanoparticles are generated on the structured copper surface. The effect of the indentation process parameters and the corrosion time in the AgNO3 solution on the Raman intensities of the SERS substrate with hierarchical structures are experimentally studied. The intensity and distribution of the electric field of single and multiple Ag nanoparticles on the surface of a plane and with multiple micro/nanostructures are studied with COMSOL software. The feasibility of the hierarchical SERS substrate is verified using R6G molecules. Finally, the enhancement factor using malachite green molecules was found to reach 5.089 × 109, which demonstrates that the production method is a simple, reproducible and low-cost method for machining a highly sensitive, hierarchical SERS substrate.

scholarly journals Electrochemical DNA Detection Methods to Measure Circulating Tumour DNA for Enhanced Diagnosis and Monitoring of Cancer

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Bukola Attoye ◽  
Matthew Baker ◽  
Chantevy Pou ◽  
Fiona Thomson ◽  
Damion K. Corrigan
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Liquid Biopsies ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Electrochemical Approach ◽  
Label Free Detection

Liquid biopsies are becoming increasingly important as a potential replacement for existing biopsy procedures which can be invasive, painful and compromised by tumour heterogeneity. This paper reports a simple electrochemical approach tailored towards point-of-care cancer detection and treatment monitoring from biofluids using a label-free detection strategy. The mutations under test were the KRAS G12D and G13D mutations, which are both important in the development and progression of many human cancers and which have a presence that correlates with poor outcomes. These common circulating tumour markers were investigated in clinical samples and amplified by standard and specialist PCR methodologies for subsequent electrochemical detection. Following pre-treatment of the sensor to present a clean surface, DNA probes developed specifically for detection of the KRAS G12D and G13D mutations were immobilized onto low-cost carbon electrodes using diazonium chemistry and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxysuccinimide coupling. Following the functionalisation of the sensor, it was possible to sensitively and specifically detect a mutant KRAS G13D PCR product against a background of wild-type KRAS DNA from the representative cancer sample. Our findings give rise to the basis of a simple and very low-cost system for measuring ctDNA biomarkers in patient samples. The current time to result of the system was 3.5 h with considerable scope for optimisation, and it already compares favourably to the UK National Health Service biopsy service where patients can wait weeks for their result. This paper reports the technical developments we made in the production of consistent carbon surfaces for functionalisation, assay performance data for KRAS G13D and detection of PCR amplicons under ambient conditions.

scholarly journals A fully battery-powered inexpensive spectrophotometric system for high-sensitivity point-of-care analysis on a microfluidic chip

The Analyst ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (12) ◽  
pp. 3898-3903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maowei Dou ◽  
Juan Lopez ◽  
Misael Rios ◽  
Oscar Garcia ◽  
Chuan Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Power Supplies ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
External Power

A low-cost b̲a̲ttery-powered s̲pectrophotometric s̲ystem (BASS) was developed for high-sensitivity point-of-care analysis in low-resource settings on a microfluidic chip without relying on external power supplies.

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