scholarly journals Re-examining the Policies in the Humanitarian Aid Sector – A Call for Greater “Value Rationality”

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Sabith Khan
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Patriot Act ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
Value Rationality ◽  
Restrictive Measures

AbstractFaith-based giving in the U.S. constitutes over one-third of all charity (Giving USA, 2013). The proliferation of policy initiatives that promoted faith-based giving and giving to humanitarian aid organizations post George W Bush’s establishment of the Office of Faith-based initiatives and community Partnerships has been controversial, to say the least. But despite this, the sector has been robust. One segment of philanthropy that has been unnecessarily controversial is that of Islamic charity. With the attacks of September 11, 2001, there were a slew of legislative as well as Executive reforms that put Islamic charities under the scanner. Executive Order 13224 and the subsequent initiatives under the PATRIOT Act have reduced donations to Islamic charities, in the initial year. In this short paper, I argue that some of the restrictive measures in place – that apply to NGOs working in conflict zones – should be removed, so aid can reach the beneficiaries, so that NGOs’ offering this aid to not fear being targeted by U.S. law enforcement authorities. Given the massive refugee crisis we are witnessing, the role of Muslim NGOs in conflict zones may become crucial for long-term rehabilitation and resettlement.

scholarly journals Re-examining the Policies in the Humanitarian Aid Sector – A Call for Greater “Value Rationality”

2015 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabithulla Khan
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Patriot Act ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
Value Rationality ◽  
Restrictive Measures

AbstractFaith-based giving in the U.S. constitutes over one-third of all charity (Giving USA, 2013). The proliferation of policy initiatives that promoted faith-based giving and giving to humanitarian aid organizations post George W Bush’s establishment of the Office of Faith-based initiatives and community Partnerships has been controversial, to say the least. But despite this, the sector has been robust. One segment of philanthropy that has been unnecessarily controversial is that of Islamic charity. With the attacks of September 11, 2001, there were a slew of legislative as well as Executive reforms that put Islamic charities under the scanner. Executive Order 13224 and the subsequent initiatives under the PATRIOT Act have reduced donations to Islamic charities, in the initial year. In this short paper, I argue that some of the restrictive measures in place – that apply to NGOs working in conflict zones – should be removed, so aid can reach the beneficiaries, so that NGOs’ offering this aid to not fear being targeted by U.S. law enforcement authorities. Given the massive refugee crisis we are witnessing, the role of Muslim NGOs in conflict zones may become crucial for long-term rehabilitation and resettlement.

scholarly journals WHAT IS THE ROLE OF IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN THE LONG TERM?

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550006 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAN BOND
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stated Goal ◽  
Generational Equity

This short paper makes the case that most impact assessment (IA) has sustainable development as the stated goal, but that it doesn't deliver sustainable outcomes. A key pillar of sustainable development is equity, both intra-generational (defined after Lamorgese and Geneletti (2013, p.119) as ensuring "equity of opportunity for everyone, particularly the poorest and most vulnerable members of the community and seek to create a good quality of life for everyone") and inter-generational equity (defined after Gibson et al. (2005, p. 235) as favouring "present options and actions that are most likely to preserve or enhance the opportunities and capabilities of future generations to live sustainably"). Notwithstanding the importance of intra-generational equity, this paper focuses on the problem that inter-generational equity presents to IA both because of the prevalence of short-term planning, and because approaches developed to deal with inherent uncertainty associated with impacts considered in the long term are overly resource intensive and therefore impractical. A research focus on IA processes that can deal with inter-generational impacts cost effectively might provide the basis on which to develop an IA tool that actually delivers on its stated goal and fits in with current decision-making norms.

scholarly journals PERANG TARIF PENYEDIA LAYANAN OJEK DALAM JARINGAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERSAINGAN USAHA DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Rimarsha Agitta ◽  
Putu Ade Harriestha Martana
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Predatory Pricing ◽  
Law Enforcement Agency ◽  
Written Law ◽  
Motorcycle Taxi ◽  
Article 5 ◽  
Competition Behavior

Penulisan jurnal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui serta memahami perang tarif pada penyedia layanan ojek dalam jaringan dalam perspektif hukum persaingan usaha di Indonesia dan juga untuk mengetahui tugas Komisi Pengawas Perlindungan Usaha dalam mengawasi kasus persaingan usaha. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam jurnal ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang dimana mengkonsepsikan hukum dalam bentuk hukum yang sudah tertulis seperti undang-undang tertulis, dan bersifat deskriptif yaitu diartikan penelitian yang dilakukan dengan cara menggambarkan secara lengkap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perang tarif antara para penyedia layanan ojek daring yaitu PT. X dan PT. Y terdapat beberapa tanda dan pola praktik predatory pricing penetapan harga oleh perusahaan transportasi daring. Menurut UU No. 5 Tahun 1999 dikatakan bahwa PT. X dan PT. Y melawan hukum dengan tidak mengikuti aturan Pasal 5 ayat (1)  UU No. 5 tahun 1999. Berdasarkan pasal tersebut sudah terbukti bahwasanya pihak PT. X dan PT. Y melanggar karena kedua perusahaan ojek daring tersebut melakukan perjanjian antara keduanya untuk menaikkan harga pada pelanggan ojek daring. Persaingan usaha memiliki lembaga pengawas yaitu Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) yang dalam masalah persaingan usaha antara PT. X dan PT. Y ini berperan sebagai salah satu lembaga penegak hukum, dan tanggung jawabnya mengawasi perilaku persaingan usaha tidak sehat para pelaku usaha. In order to  writing this journal is to know and understand the rates war between two corps who will be start to be some perspective from business competition in Indonesia and also to determine the role of the Business Protection Supervisory Commission. The research method used in this journal is normative legal research which conceptualizes law in the form of written law such as written law, and is descriptive in nature, which is defined as research that provides data about a situation or social symptoms that develop in the midst society in accordance with the facts and without any engineering. The results show that the tariff war between online motorcycle taxis, namely X Ltd. and Y Ltd., has several signs and patterns of predatory pricing practices by online transportation companies, including discounts that reach unreasonable prices, long-term promotions that exceed standards. With that it can be said that X Ltd. and Y Ltd. violate Article 5 paragraph (1) of Law no. 5 of 1999. From this article, it has been proven that X Ltd. and Y Ltd. violated it because the two online motorcycle taxi companies entered into an agreement between the two of them to increase prices for online motorcycle taxi customers. In business competition, there is the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU), which in the business competition case between X Ltd.  and Y Ltd. plays a role as a law enforcement agency, and its responsibility is to supervise the unfair business competition behavior of business actors.

Aviation as a specific field for issuing opinions by court experts

2015 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Robert Konieczka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Expert Witness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Aircraft Accidents ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
State Commission

This article attempts to provide a synthetic presentation of aviation as an area amenable to issuing opinions by court-appointed experts in the field. It presents basic issues concerning the participation of aviation experts in legal proceedings related to aviation, especially to air accidents. As indicated, aviation is an interdisciplinary industry employing highly diversified equipment. Subsequently, the article illustrates the role of an aviation expert in the proceedings conducted by law enforcement and judicial authorities, related to accident occurrence and other infringements of aviation law regulations. Basic issues that may be brought to the attention of the body conducting the proceedings are defined. The article emphasizes the uniqueness of the objectives of criminal proceedings and the activities aimed at determining the cause of an accident undertaken by the State Commission on Aircraft Accidents lnvestigation. The author’s long-term practice as an aviation expert witness was exploited to familiarize the reader with aviation-related issues, which can be helpful in conducting a pre-trial procedure, in particular its initial phase.

scholarly journals Humanitarian Assistance and Permanent Settlement of Asylum Seekers in Greece: The Role of Sympathy, Perceived Threat, and Perceived Contribution

2020 ◽  
pp. 019791832094982
Author(s):  
Elisavet Thravalou ◽  
Borja Martinovic ◽  
Maykel Verkuyten
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Threat Perceptions ◽  
Permanent Settlement ◽  
Using Data

During the recent inflow of asylum seekers from the Middle East and North Africa to Europe, the native population in Greek frontier islands largely offered humanitarian assistance to these immigrants, while support for their permanent settlement in the area was low. To explain this discrepancy, we investigated whether sympathy toward asylum seekers, perceptions of threat posed by asylum seekers, and asylum seekers’ perceived societal contributions relate differently to native Greeks’ self-reported provision of humanitarian assistance and to their support for asylum seekers’ permanent settlement in Greece. Using data from a representative sample of 1,220 Greek participants, we found that Greeks who showed more sympathy toward asylum seekers were more likely to report having offered humanitarian assistance. Further, participants who felt more sympathy and those who perceived higher asylum seekers’ contributions were more positive toward asylum seekers’ permanent settlement, whereas participants who perceived more threat from asylum seekers showed less support for their permanent settlement. We conclude that policies geared toward motivating people to provide humanitarian aid to asylum seekers should focus on generating sympathy, whereas policies geared toward increasing long-term acceptance of asylum seekers need to additionally consider lowering threat perceptions and highlighting asylum seekers’ contributions.

Assessing brand love, brand sacredness and brand fidelity towards halal brands

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richa Joshi ◽  
Prerna Garg
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Relationship Maintenance ◽  
Brand Trust ◽  
Brand Relationships ◽  
Brand Love ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
New Perspective

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the role of contemporary consumer-brand relationships in predicting brand sacredness, brand fidelity and propensity to spread word of mouth (WOM) in the context of “halal” cosmetic brands. Design/methodology/approach The proposed research framework has been empirically tested by collecting responses from 403 Muslim respondents of diverse demographics. Structural equation modelling has been used for exploring the underlying relationships between emotions associated with halal brands. Findings All the proposed hypotheses were positively significant, thus confirming that brand love is significantly affected by brand trust, brand image, self-congruence and brand experience. Further, brand love acts as a significant determinant in shaping brand sacredness, brand fidelity and WOM. Research limitations/implications The study has made a significant contribution by exploring the intensity of brand love and its effect on relationship-maintenance triad in halal cosmetic brands in India. Practical implications Marketers must understand the emotional side of brands to create synergy in their marketing efforts. Moreover, in the case of religious or faith-based brands, attainment of the highest order of brand love can play a revolutionary role for long-term growth. Originality/value In the context of halal cosmetic brands in India, this study has offered a new perspective by extending the literature on consumer-brand relationships. The use of brand fidelity and brand sacredness has enhanced the effectiveness of emotions with which consumers have been looking at brands for ages.

Targeting environmental infrastructures, international law, and civilians in the new Middle Eastern wars

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 410-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannie L Sowers ◽  
Erika Weinthal ◽  
Neda Zawahri
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Prevalent Form ◽  
Environmental Infrastructure

Research in conflict studies and environmental security has largely focused on the mechanisms through which the environment and natural resources foster conflict or contribute to peacebuilding. An understudied area of research, however, concerns the ways in which warfare has targeted civilian infrastructure with long-term effects on human welfare and ecosystems. This article seeks to fill this gap. We focus on better understanding the conflict destruction of water, sanitation, waste, and energy infrastructures, which we term environmental infrastructures, by drawing on an author-compiled database of the post-2011 wars in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). While research across the social sciences has examined the targeting of civilians and environmental destruction during wars, including the issue of urbicide, we expand the study of targeting environmental infrastructure to (1) examine the role of different types of actors (international vs. subnational), (2) document the type of infrastructure targeted, form of attack, and impacts, and (3) situate increased targeting of environmental infrastructure in the changing context of war-making in the MENA. Comparatively analyzing the conflict zones of Libya, Syria, and Yemen, we show that targeting environmental infrastructure is an increasingly prevalent form of war-making in the MENA, with long-term implications for rebuilding states, sustaining livelihoods, and resolving conflicts.

scholarly journals ROLE OF CHINA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOUTHERN AFRICA: EXAMPLE OF ZIMBABWE

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Кирилл Андреевич Алешин
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Bilateral Cooperation ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
The Eu

Purpose: the role of China in Zimbabwe, that has been under long-term sanctions implemented by EU and US, and also experiencing serious economic difficulties. Discussion: the author analyzed the development of relations between Zimbabwe and China. The priorities of Beijing, the main trends and key areas of bilateral cooperation are shown. Results: while in isolation and in terms of Western sanctions, the leadership of Zimbabwe found a reliable ally – China, which became its one of the leading trade and economic partners and political allies, helped to overcome the negative consequences of a large-scale economic crisis. The author predicts that in the medium term, it is possible to expect a decrease in the role Beijing is playing in the economic and political life of Zimbabwe, which is due to a number of circumstances, including the removal of most of the EU sanctions, the possible abolition of US restrictive measures, the activation of Russia, India, as well as other developing countries in the Zimbabwe. However, the link between Zimbabwe and China, which emerged in the last century, the achieved level of influence on the Zimbabwean elites will allow Beijing in the foreseeable future to remain a key player in this country.

scholarly journals PENGARUH GLOBALISASI EKONOMI DAN HUKUM EKONOMI INTERNASIONAL DALAM PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM EKONOMI DI INDONESIA

LITIGASI ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SHIDQON PRABOWO
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Third World ◽  
Foreign Country ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third World

A developed country typically signed by transformation from manufacturing society to service society and it will influenced the role of law. Many problem will be faced in the third world such as education, cultural, welfare and law enforcement. Meanwhile, economic development depends on essensial items  such as predictability, procedural ability, codification against goals, balance of akomodation dan definition status. Indonesian economic development in new orde era that impressed an increasing level of prosperity continously makes lowfare society hopes a lot. But in the long term prospect, it will make an economic suffer in a sistemic way. This can be seen as a moneteric crisis in the 1998. Economic development in a country will never be happened without law policy whether in the domestic and foreign country as well as from rapid influence globalisation era. Through the progressive approach, law economic development analisis will be deeply studied for furthermore.Keyword : Economic development; Progressive ABSTRAKTipikal negara berkembang ditandai dengan adanya transformasi dari masyarakat buruh menjadi masyarakat madani dan hal ini berpengaruh pada peran hukum itu sendiri. Berbagai masalah akan timbul pada negara dunia ketiga seperti pendidikan, budaya, kesejahteraan dan hukum. Sementara itu, perkembangan ekonomi bergantung pada hal-hal esensial seperti prediktabilitas, kemampuan prosedural, codification against goals, keseimbangan akomodasi dan definisi status. Perjalanan pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia pada era Orde Baru yang mengesankan terjadinya peningkatan kesejahteraan secara berkelanjutan dan bertahap, telah menjadikan harapan bagi masyarakat menengah ke bawah. Akan tetapi, pada prospek jangka panjang justru menyisakan tangisan dan penderitaan ekonomi secara sistemik. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari krisis moneter yang bergejolak pada tahun 1998. Perkembangan Ekonomi di suatu negara tidak terlepas dari kebijakan hukum baik dalam negeri maupun luar negeri dan pengaruh arus deras globalisasi. Melalui pendekatan progresif inilah analisis pembangunan hukum ekonomi dikaji lebih mendalam.Kata Kunci:  Pembangunan Ekonomi; Progresif                      

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