Return to Value Rationality, Focusing on The Reform of the Household Registration System under the Regulation of Local Government: Based on Chengdu’s “Dual-Track and Parallel” Settlement Policy

This study believes that effective local government regulation is the key to achieving successful household registration governance, that is, in the system creation and policy formulation, tool rationality returns to value rationality. The characteristics of “political people” and “economic people” in local governments encourage them to make rational decisions in the reform of the household registration system, resulting in household registration policies that are often highly directional and purposeful, making it difficult to consider development efficiency and social fairness. Chengdu’s “dual-track parallel” settlement strategy is a behavior choice for local governments to return to value rationality, reflecting Chengdu municipal government’s “social people” feature. It achieves a balance between meeting the needs of talents and building a healthy household registration proportion by correlating “conditional entry” and “integral entry.” This not only realizes the absorption of high-quality talents, but also provides settlement channels for outsiders with limited conditions.

TRADISI PEMBACAAN SURAH AL-MULK DI MAJELIS TA’LIM RAUDHOTUL ILMI PALEMBANG:

This article discusses the implementation of the reading of Surah al-Mulk at the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly and the views of the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim congregation on the reading of Surah al-Mulk as well as an analysis of Max Weber on the recitation of surah al-Mulk at the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly. This type of research is a field research (Field Research), the type of data used is qualitative with the study of living hadith. This study uses Max Weber's theory of social action related to four actions, namely, traditional action, affective action, value rationality action and instrumental rationality action. The subjects of this research are caregivers, administrators, ustaz and Jama'ah Majelis Ta'lim Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang. The data collection technique used observation by observing and paying attention to the implementation of the tradition of reading surah al-Mulk at the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly. While the interview data, the researchers interviewed twelve Jama'ah as respondents, while the documentation was equipped with books, photos and books related to the research. Meanwhile, data analysis uses descriptions and explanations. This study found that the Jama'ah of the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly was enthusiastic about the tradition of reciting surah al-Mulk in the Assembly. The congregation of the assembly is of the view that having the reading of Surah al-Mulk before starting the assembly is a good and good thing as a form of imitating the Prophet Muhammad. The congregation of the assembly supported this activity because of the benefits of reading it as a barrier from the torment of the grave and there were some congregations who routinely read Surah al-Mulk. It can be said that the response of the congregation of the assembly tends to know the values ​​contained in the hadith of reading surah al-Mulk. This shows that the living hadith in the congregation of the assembly was carried out and the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly fulfilled Max Weber's theory of social action.

On the three constraints of the development of artificial intelligence: Value, liberation, and responsibility

The socialization of technology and the technicalization of society have accelerated the speed, scope and scale of human liberation from nature. In our past technological society, “liberation” mainly referred to people's physical strength. An intelligent society, characterized by the wide application of the internet, big data, and artificial intelligence (AI), will further liberate not only people's physical strength, but also their mental power, greatly changing social forms and social operation modes, as well as people themselves. In the application of technologies and the design and manufacture of equipment on which the intelligent society depends, a new tension is formed between instrumental rationality and value rationality. While promoting the liberation of human beings, intelligent society will also cause humans to be dominated and enslaved by AI, which will lead to human alienation. Intelligent society is more in pursuit of how the invested capital and technology can multiply in the process of accumulation and circulation; meanwhile, it will ignore the moral responsibilities of relevant parties, such as researchers, manufacturers, and users. In the process of developing an intelligent society, instrumental rationality should be regulated by value rationality, thus promoting the liberation of human beings and eliminating their alienation. As capital appreciation occurs, the moral responsibilities of relevant parties should be clarified.

UPAYA KEMENTERIAN AGAMA DALAM MENANGKAL RADIKALISME DI KABUPATEN GRESIK

Radicalism is not a new face for the Gresik people. However, since its existence, radicalism has continued to exist as an element which has disturbed the stability of the social order in society. Therefore, it is necessary to have certain parties such as the Ministry of Religion of Gresik Regency who are able to ward off radicalism for the sake of equilibrium in the social order in society. This study aims to see the various efforts made by the Ministry of Religion of Gresik Regency in counteracting radicalism in Gresik Regency. Through the perspective of Social Action theory initiated by Max Weber, it will show the ratio pattern used by the Ministry of Religion of Gresik Regency in acting to counter radicalism. More than that, this research also uses qualitative methods by conducting direct interviews with the Ministry of Religion of Gresik Regency. Through interviews, it was found that efforts to counter radicalism by the Ministry of Religion of Gresik Regency were carried out by means of cooperation with certain parties. More than that, the Ministry of Religion of Gresik Regency also prioritizes a dialogical approach to groups indicated as radical in order to instill a more moderate mindset in these groups. Based on some of these efforts, it shows that the Ministry of Religion of Gresik Regency uses the Weber Instrumental Rationality pattern in its cooperation on several parties and also the use of Weber's Value Rationality in the orientation that it wants to achieve in an action

Spirit Filantropi Islam dalam Tindakan Sosial Rasionalitas Nilai Max Weber

Philanthropy is not limited to loving others related to the economic field, such as zakat, infaq, alms, waqf or others. This study aims to inventory the spirit of Islamic philanthropy in Max Weber's social actions, especially in the act of rationality of values from the behavior of the congregation of Majelis Ratib Atthos Palangka Raya. This study is a qualitative study using data collection techniques in the form of observation and documentation. Data analysis was performed using qualitative procedures. The results of this study found the behavior of the assemblies in the form of social actions of value rationality carried out with the spirit of Islamic philanthropy.

Research on How Human Intelligence, Consciousness, and Cognitive Computing Affect the Development of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is essentially the simulation of human intelligence. Today’s AI can only simulate, replace, extend, or expand part of human intelligence. In the future, the research and development of cutting-edge technologies such as brain-computer interface (BCI) together with the development of the human brain will eventually usher in a strong AI era, when AI can simulate and replace human’s imagination, emotion, intuition, potential, tacit knowledge, and other kinds of personalized intelligence. Breakthroughs in algorithms represented by cognitive computing promote the continuous penetration of AI into fields such as education, commerce, and medical treatment to build up AI service space. As to human concern, namely, who controls whom between humankind and intelligent machines, the answer is that AI can only become a service provider for human beings, demonstrating the value rationality of following ethics.

LIVING HADIS PADA TRADISI TAWASUL DAN TABARUK DI MAKAM SUNAN BONANG LASEM REMBANG

<p><em>Tawasul</em> dan <em>Tabaruk </em>merupakan tradisi yang sudah banyak dipraktekkan oleh masyarakat muslim pada saat berdoa di makam. Kedua tradisi ini juga sering disalahpahami sebagai praktek yang menjerumuskan kepada kemusyrikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap aspek living hadis pada tradisi <em>tawasul</em> dan <em>tabaruk</em> warga Desa Bonang di makam Sunan Bonang dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif induktif, dan menganalisisnya dengan teori tindakan sosial Max Weber. Penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa temuan. Pertama, tradisi ini merupakan suatu living hadis. Kedua, berdasarkan tipe tindakan tradisional, para pelaku tradisi ingin terus menerus menghormati Sunan Bonang dengan cara melestarikan tradisi yang sudah dilakukan secara turun temurun. Ketiga, tindakan afektif, memperlihatkan bahwa para pelaku memiliki ikatan emosional dengan para tokoh agama dan waktu pelaksanaan (malam Jumat). Keempat, tindakan instrumental rasional, para pelaku secara sadar mampu melaksanakan tradisi tersebut, baik dari aspek sumber daya manusia maupun aspek finansial. Kelima, rasionalitas nilai, pelaku ingin meniru perilaku tokoh-tokoh agama dan membiasakan diri bersedekah sekaligus ingin menanamkan nilai solidaritas jamaah.</p><p> </p><p>[<strong><em>Tawasul</em> and <em>Tabaruk</em> Traditions in Sunan Bonang’s Tomb Lasem Rembang: A Study of Living Hadith</strong>.<strong> </strong><em>Tawasul</em> and <em>tabaruk</em> are traditions that have been widely practiced by Muslim communities when praying at the grave. These two traditions are also often misunderstood as practices that lead to idolatry. This study aims to reveal aspects of the living hadith in the tradition of <em>tawasul</em> and <em>tabaruk</em> of the people of Bonang Village in the Sunan Bonang tomb by using the inductive descriptive method, and by analyzing it through Max Weber's theory of social action. This study yielded several findings. First, this tradition is a living hadith. Second, based on the type of traditional action, traditional actors want to continue to respect Sunan Bonang by preserving traditions that have been carried out from generation to generation. Third, affective action shows that peoples have an emotional bond with religious leaders (<em>ulama</em>) and the time of implementation (Thursday night). Fourth, rational instrumental action, where the actors are consciously able to carry out the tradition, both from the human resource and financial aspects. Fifth, value rationality, the people want to imitate the behavior of religious figures and get used to giving alms at the same time wants to instill the value of solidarity among the <em>jama'a</em>.]</p>

Beyond instrumental rationality. For a critical theory of freedom

This article will provide an illustration of Max Weber’s theory of rationalization with a specific impetus on its interdependency with the development of capitalism. Following Horkheimer, I shall critically draw on Weber to outline a theory of human freedom, showing that rationalization not only implies economic and social liberation but entails a totalizing tendency that invades all spheres of socio-political life including people’s mental infrastructure. This mental colonization can be framed as a process of substituting value rationality with instrumental rationality. I will claim that this substitution can be understood as an impediment for human freedom. Following contemporary theories of action (Anscombe, Foot), I will show the centrality of value orientation for understanding human freedom. Therefore, I propose a critical theory of freedom that centers value rational action as realization of freedom and can be understood as emancipative.

Nudge and Improvement of Quality in Public Service: Process and Enlightenment

The improvement of quality in public service is an inevitable requirement during the development of public service practices. Public satisfaction is an important criterion to measure the quality of public service. The value rationality of public behavior is a significant factor that affects public satisfaction and governments’ credibility. In recent years, "nudge" theory in behavioral economics has received wide attention and application.