scholarly journals The Effect of Fuel Dose Division on The Emission of Toxic Components in The Car Diesel Engine Exhaust Gas

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Pietras
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Carbon Oxide ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Smoke Opacity ◽  
Fuel Dose Division

Abstract The article discusses the effect of fuel dose division in the Diesel engine on smoke opacity and composition of the emitted exhaust gas. The research activities reported in the article include experimental examination of a small Diesel engine with Common Rail type supply system. The tests were performed on the engine test bed equipped with an automatic data acquisition system which recorded all basic operating and control parameters of the engine, and smoke opacity and composition of the exhaust gas. The parameters measured during the engine tests also included the indicated pressure and the acoustic pressure. The tests were performed following the pre-established procedure in which 9 engine operation points were defined for three rotational speeds: 1500, 2500 and 3500 rpm, and three load levels: 25, 40 and 75 Nm. At each point, the measurements were performed for 7 different forms of fuel dose injection, which were: the undivided dose, the dose divided into two or three parts, and three different injection advance angles for the undivided dose and that divided into two parts. The discussion of the obtained results includes graphical presentation of contests of hydrocarbons, carbon oxide, and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas, and its smoke opacity. The presented analyses referred to two selected cases, out of nine examined engine operation points. In these cases the fuel dose was divided into three parts and injected at the factory set control parameters. The examination has revealed a significant effect of fuel dose division on the engine efficiency, and on the smoke opacity and composition of the exhaust gas, in particular the content of nitrogen oxides. Within the range of low loads and rotational speeds, dividing the fuel dose into three parts clearly improves the overall engine efficiency and significantly decreases the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. Moreover, it slightly decreases the contents of hydrocarbons and carbon oxide. In the experiment the contents of nitrogen oxides markedly increased with the increasing injection advance angle for the undivided dose and that divided into two parts. This, in turn, led to the decrease of the contents of hydrocarbons and carbon oxide. Fuel dose division into two and three parts leads to the increase of smoke opacity of the exhaust gas, compared to the undivided dose.

Stabilizing Excessive EGR With an Oxidation Catalyst on a Modern Diesel Engine

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zheng ◽  
David K. Irick ◽  
Jeffrey Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Turbocharged Diesel Engine ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cyclic Variations ◽  
Gas Recirculation

For diesel engines (CIDI) the excessive use of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) can reduce in-cylinder oxides of nitrogen (NOx) generation dramatically, but engine operation can also approach zones with high instabilities, usually accompanied with high cycle-to-cycle variations and deteriorated emissions of total hydrocarbon (THC), carbon monoxide (CO), and soot. A new approach has been proposed and tested to eliminate the influences of recycled combustibles on such instabilities, by applying an oxidation catalyst in the high-pressure EGR loop of a turbocharged diesel engine. The testing was directed to identifying the thresholds of stable operation at high rates of EGR without causing cycle-to-cycle variations associated with untreated recycled combustibles. The elimination of recycled combustibles using the oxidation catalyst showed significant influences on stabilizing the cyclic variations, so that the EGR applicable limits are effectively extended. The attainability of low NOx emissions with the catalytically oxidized EGR is also evaluated.

OPTIMIZATION OF GAS-DIESEL ENGINE REGULATION AS A METHOD OF IMPROVING ITS ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
VALERIY L. CHUMAKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Diesel Cycle

The paper shows some ways to improve the environmental characteristics of a diesel engine using gaseous hydrocarbon fuel and operating the engine in a gas-diesel cycle mode. Some possibilities to reduce toxic components of exhaust gases in a gas-diesel engine operating on liquefi ed propane-butane mixtures have been studied. Experiments carried out in a wide range of load from 10 to 100% and speed from 1400 to 2000 rpm showed that the gas-diesel engine provides a suffi ciently high level of diesel fuel replacement with gas hydrocarbon fuel. The authors indicate some eff ective ways to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases. The engine power should be adjusted by the simultaneous supply of fuel, gas and throttling the air charge in the intake manifold. This method enriches the fi rst combusting portions to reduce nitrogen oxides and maintains the depletion of the main charge within the fl ammability limits of the gas-air charge to reduce carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. The authors found that when the engine operates in a gas-diesel cycle mode, the power change provides a decrease in nitrogen oxide emissions of gas-diesel fuel only due to gas supply in almost the entire load range as compared to the pure diesel. At high loads (more than 80%) stable engine operation is ensured up to 90% of diesel fuel replaced by gas. Even at 10% of diesel fuel used the concentration of nitrogen oxides decreases by at least 15…20% as compared with a diesel engine in the entire load range. However, there is an increased emission of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases. Further experimental studies have shown that optimization of the gas diesel regulation can reduce the mass emission of nitrogen oxides contained in exhaust gases in 2…3 times and greatly reduce the emission of incomplete combustion products – carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons.

scholarly journals Ensuring Requirements for Emissions of Harmful Substances of Diesel Engines

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
G. M. Kuharonak ◽  
D. V. Kapskiy ◽  
V. I. Berezun
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Dispersed Particles ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Emissions Of Harmful Substances

The purpose of this work is to consider the requirements for emissions of harmful substances of diesel engines by selecting design and adjustment parameters that determine the organization of the workflow, and the exhaust gas cleaning system, taking into account the reduction of fuel consumption. Design elements and geometric characteristics of structures for a turbocharged diesel engine of Д-245 series produced by JSC HMC Minsk Motor Plant (4ЧН11/12.5) with a capacity of 90 kW equipped with an electronically controlled battery fuel injection have been developed: exhaust gas recirculation along the high pressure circuit, shape and dimensions of the combustion chamber, the number and angular arrangement of the nozzle openings in a nozzle atomizer, and inlet channels of the cylinder head. Methods for organizing a workflow are proposed that take into account the shape of the indicator diagrams and affect the emissions of nitrogen oxides and dispersed particles differently. Their implementation allows us to determine the boundary ranges of changes in the control parameters of the fuel supply and exhaust gas recirculation systems when determining the area of minimizing the specific effective fuel consumption and the range of studies for the environmental performance of a diesel engine. The paper presents results of the study on the ways to meet  the requirements for emissions of harmful substances, obtained by considering options for the organization of working processes, taking into account the reduction in specific effective fuel consumption, changes in the average temperature of the exhaust gases and diesel equipment. To evaluate these methods, the following indicators have been identified: changes in specific fuel consumption and average temperature of the toxicity cycle relative to the base cycle, the necessary degree of conversion of the purification system for dispersed particles and NOx. Recommendations are given on choosing a diesel engine to meet Stage 4 emission standards for nitrogen oxides and dispersed particles.

scholarly journals A model-based and experimental approach for the determination of suitable variable valve timings for cold start in partial load operation of a passenger car single-cylinder diesel engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Maniatis ◽  
U Wagner ◽  
T Koch
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Residual Gas ◽  
Dimensional Simulation ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

A manipulation of the charge exchange allows controlling the amount of residual gas during engine warm-up. The residual gas during the warm-up phase leads to an increase of the exhaust gas temperature and supports to reach the exhaust after-treatment system operating temperature faster. In addition, the warm residual gas increases the combustion chamber temperature, which reduces the HC and CO emissions. However, fuel consumption increases. For that reason, such heating measures should be the best compromise of both, exhaust gas temperature increase and engine efficiency, in order to provide efficient heating strategies for passenger car diesel engines. Therefore, simulative and experimental investigations are carried out at the Institute of Internal Combustion Engines of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology to establish a reliable cam design methodology. For the experimental investigations, a modern research single-cylinder diesel engine was set up on a test bench. In addition, a one-dimensional simulation model of the experimental setup was created in order to simulate characteristics of valve lift curves and to investigate their effects on the exhaust gas temperature and the exhaust gas enthalpy flow. These simulations were based on design of experiments (DoE), so that all characteristics can be used sustainably for modeling and explaining their influences on the engine operation. This methodology allows numerically investigating promising configurations and deriving cam contours which are manufactured for testing. To assess the potential of these individual configurations, the results obtained were compared with each other as well as with the series configuration. Results show that the combination of DoE and one-dimensional simulation for the design of camshaft contours is well suited which was also validated with experimental results. Furthermore, the potential of residual gas retention by favorable configurations with a second event already revealed in various publications could be confirmed with respect to exhaust gas temperature increase and engine efficiency.

Research on the Multi-Parameters Matching Control of the Cooling System for the Diesel Engine on the Numerical Simulation Technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 1423-1430
Author(s):  
Zuo Yu Sun ◽  
Xiang Rong Li ◽  
Liang Ping Guo ◽  
Xue Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Future Emission ◽  
Engine System ◽  
Relationship Of

For the growing importance of future emission restrictions and the expanding requirement for a better fuel economy, the internal combustion engines are forced to be improved for the high strengthening direction. However, the heat loads of the engine is increasing according to the increasing of engine speed and power density, hence, the cooling system is faced to more challenge. For the cooling system is one of the key system which has more effect on the engine efficiency, fuel economy, and exhaust heats; optimize the matching control cooling system becomes one of the key technology to improve the engine performance. In this paper, several overall schemes of the cooling system are analyzed and discussed, and then one design scheme is determined to the optimal for the current diesel engine. A whole engine system is established by the software GT-Power, and the cooling system in the engine system is established by GT-Cool based on the above optimal scheme. During the simulation, the influence on the heat dissipating capability brought by the control parameters, injection advance angle, power, and torque are investigated. At last, the requirement of the heat released under full conditions is analyzed, and the relationship of the fuel consumption and the control parameters is investigated.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE BIODIESEL FUELS WITH MULTIFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVES ON THE DIESEL ENGINE EFFICIENCY

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaldas BARANAUSKAS ◽  
Risto ILVES ◽  
Arne KÜÜT ◽  
Jüri OLT
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Repeated Loading ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Multifunctional Additives ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels

The article presents the tests of the engine Valmet 320 DS installed in the teststand "Schenck Dynas3 LI 250". For these tests biodiesel produced by JSC Rapsoila was used. The test was carried out causing the engine speed to 2600 rpm and loading gradually to maximum. Torque (Te), engine speed (ne), fuel consumption (Bf), the pressure in the cylinder (Pe) and exhaust gas CO, CO2, O2, HC, NOx were measured. Initially, measurements were carried out using biodiesel (RME). After that, biodiesel was added with the additive Valvoline VPS HD Diesel System Complete keeping a ratio of 100:1. In order to evaluate the effects of additives the engine was working two hours using biodiesel and additive mixture. After two hours the measurements were repeated loading the engine in the same mode. The work presents the results of tests carried out.

Pengaruh Knalpot Particulate Trap Berbahan Dasar Kuningan Terhadap Tingkat Kebisingan Pada Mesin Diesel Stasioner

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fakhrurozi ◽  
Askan Askan
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Correct Position ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Maintenance Schedule ◽  
Operation And Maintenance

The development of technology and industry has also affected the level of pollution. Side effects that are very influential on human health include the level of noise that comes out of the exhaust gas (exhaust). Sound pollution comes from either gasoline-fueled or diesel-fueled engine vehicles, especially in diesel engines. To reduce noise levels there are several ways that can be done; (1) Giving a silencer to the engine, (2) Designing a muffler on the exhaust gas line, (3) Placing the sound source in the correct position, and (4) Setting the engine operation and maintenance schedule. One way to reduce the noise level in a diesel engine is to trap a particulate trap installed in the exhaust gas (exhaust). This method can reduce the gas particles from combustion to the disposal process, so that the noise level can be reduced. The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence the installation of particulate trap made of brass metal in the exhaust of a diesel engine to the level of noise caused. This study uses a factorial type random design by varying the weight of the active ingredient of metal particulate trap 200gr, 300gr, 400g at engine speed between 900-1700rpm. The results of this study indicate that the lowest noise level is obtained from a 300 gr particulate trap ranging from 79.3 dB - 79.4 dB.

Research on the Multi-Parameters Matching Control of the Cooling System for the Diesel Engine on the Numerical Simulation Technology

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 2670-2679
Author(s):  
Zuo Yu Sun ◽  
Xiang Rong Li ◽  
Liang Ping Guo ◽  
Xue Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Future Emission ◽  
Engine System ◽  
Relationship Of

For the growing importance of future emission restrictions and the expanding requirement for a better fuel economy, the internal combustion engines are forced to be improved for the high strengthening direction. However, the heat loads of the engine is increasing according to the increasing of engine speed and power density, hence, the cooling system is faced to more challenge. For the cooling system is one of the key system which has more effect on the engine efficiency, fuel economy, and exhaust heats; optimize the matching control cooling system becomes one of the key technology to improve the engine performance. In this paper, several overall schemes of the cooling system are analyzed and discussed, and then one design scheme is determined to the optimal for the current diesel engine. A whole engine system is established by the software GT-Power, and the cooling system in the engine system is established by GT-Cool based on the above optimal scheme. During the simulation, the influence on the heat dissipating capability brought by the control parameters, injection advance angle, power, and torque are investigated. At last, the requirement of the heat released under full conditions is analyzed, and the relationship of the fuel consumption and the control parameters is investigated.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Performance and Emission Characteristics of IDI Diesel Engine Using Homogenized Water in Bio-Diesel Emulsion

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 04022
Author(s):  
Zainal Ambri Abdul Karim ◽  
Mohammed Yahaya Khan
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Simultaneous Reduction ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Increase With Increase ◽  
Smoke Opacity

Water in diesel emulsion when used as fuel in diesel engine has shown simultaneous reduction in both nitrogen oxides and particulate matters. However, when water in bio-diesel emulsion is used, the effect of simultaneous reduction of nitrogen oxides and particulate reduction is not achieved. The current study aims at investigating the diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions using water in bio-diesel fuel prepared by a homogenizer that produced micro-water particles in the emulsion. A 1.8L indirect injection diesel engine was operated using bio-diesel fuel which contains 95% diesel and 5% palm oil methyl ester, mixed with 5%, 10% and 20% by volume of water. Engine testing was conducted at full load condition with the engine speeds ranges from 1000 to 4000 rpm. Torque, engine speed and fuel consumption were measured along with emissions of NOx, CO, CO2, HC, O2. The results showed small reduction in brake power, 1.4% and 2.1% for WBDE-5 and WBDE-10 respectively, at maximum torque. While, reduction in exhaust gas temperature, CO2 and smoke opacity for all the tested emulsions were exhibited. On the other hand, NOx was found to increase with increase in water contents due to the higher oxygen content in the bio-diesel fuel. WBDE-20 showed the worst efficacy due to having water content of 20% by volume.

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