Synthesis and Characterization of 2-Di-methyl Amino Ethyl Laurate Betaine Surfactant

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-229
Author(s):  
Rutu Parikh ◽  
Shital Godse ◽  
Nitin Pawar ◽  
Amit Pratap
Keyword(s):  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Enzymatic Esterification ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
By Products ◽  
Betaine Ester

Abstract The growing need for sustainable natural-based surfactants from green chemistry has led to syntheses of surfactants without the use of solvents and without the generation of by-products when milder manufacturing processes are used. The zwitterionic betaine ester surfactants are derived from natural renewable sources and are biodegradable. In this research, the betaine ester surfactant 2-di-methylaminoethyllaurate betaine was synthesized from 2-di-methylaminoehanol and lauric acid derived from coconut oil in a three-step chemo-enzymatic esterification reaction. The enzymatic process was optimized in terms of operating parameters such as temperature, time, molar ratio and enzyme concentration, resulting in a yield of 87.91%. Structural analysis of the intermediate 2-di-methylaminoethyl laurate as well as the final product 2-di-methylaminoethyl laurate betaine was carried out with FTIR and 1H NMR. The surfactant properties of the betaine were also determined and showed that the betaine can be used as a co-surfactant in many cosmetic and personal care products.

Synthesis of Eco-friendly Nano-Structured Biosurfactants from Vegetable Oil Sources and Characterization of Their Interfacial Properties for Cosmetic Applications

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (07) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
DaNan Yea ◽  
SeonHui Jo ◽  
JongChoo Lim
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Interfacial Properties ◽  
Interfacial Property ◽  
Solution Stability ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Wetting Property ◽  
Potential Applicability ◽  
Ft Ir

ABSTRACTIn this study, 3 types of zwitterionic phospholipid biosurfactants LDP(S), CDP(S) and CTDP(S) were prepared from 3 different raw materials such as rapeseed oil, coconut oil and cottonseed oil respectively. The structure of the resulting phospholipid biosurfactants was elucidated by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopies and their interfacial properties have been examined such as CMC, static surface tension, wetting property, solution stability, and foam property. Interfacial property measurement and prescription test in cosmetic formulation prepared with the newly synthesized biosurfactants revealed that CDP(S) biosurfactant possesses excellent mildness and superior interfacial properties, indicating the potential applicability in cosmetic product formulations.

Synthesis, Characterization and Performance of Superplasticizer with a Multi-Arm Structure

2015 ◽  
Vol 815 ◽  
pp. 594-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Zi Ming Wang ◽  
Jie Zhu ◽  
Ming Zhao ◽  
Yun Sheng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
The Self ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Polyhydric Alcohols ◽  
Esterification Rate ◽  
And Performance

A novel superplasticizer with a multi-arm structure, i.e., a “core” connected with multiple copolymer “arms”, was synthesized through two steps including an esterification reaction between polyhydric alcohols and acrylic acid and a copolymerization reaction in an aqueous solution among the esterification product, isobutenyl polyethylene glycol and acrylic acid. The reaction conditions were determined, and the results showed that the esterification rate can reach above 95% with a water-carrying agent of 70g, a catalyst/alcohol molar ratio of 0.07, an inhibitor/monomer molar ratio of 0.03, and a reaction time of 7 hrs. The reaction products were characterized by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It is confirmed to be the multi-arm structure, and the self-synthesized superplasticizer with a multi-arm structure exhibited higher energy efficiency, which was in accordance with its excellent paste fluidity performances and adsorption behavior in cement paste

Preparation and Characterization of Hyperbranched Silicone Oil by Hydrosilylation Reaction

2013 ◽  
Vol 395-396 ◽  
pp. 363-366
Author(s):  
Zhu Liu ◽  
Hua Shi Liu ◽  
Rui Fang Guan ◽  
Chuan Jian Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Hydrosilylation Reaction ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Structures And Properties

Hyperbranched silicone oil was prepared using low-polyhydrosiloxane and vinyl terminated methylphenyl silicone oil as the raw materials through hydrosilylation reaction. The structures and properties of hyperbranched silicone oil were characterized through 1H NMR, TG and dynamic viscosity. The influence on synthesis of hyperbranched silicone oil was discussed, which was caused by ratio of different raw materials. When molar ratio of Si-H bond and Si-Vi bond of raw materials was 3.5:1 (mol), the reaction degree of hyperbranched silicone oils double bond was as high as 80%. At room temperature and 100°C, comparing the dynamic viscosity of hyperbranched silicone oil and straight chain silicone oil, we found that viscosity decrease rate of hyperbranched silicone oil was obviously lower. TG curve of hyperbranched silicone oil and straight chain silicone oil also certified that the hyperbranched silicone oil has higher thermal stability than the straight chain phenyl silicone oil. Therefore hyperbranched silicone oil is more suitable for the preparation of high-performance elastic clay than straight chain silicone oil.

scholarly journals Production and Characterization of Biodiesel Using Nonedible Castor Oil by Immobilized Lipase fromBacillus aerius

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Narwal ◽  
Nitin Kumar Saun ◽  
Priyanka Dogra ◽  
Ghanshyam Chauhan ◽  
Reena Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Chemical Reactor ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Free System ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Solvent Free System ◽  
Substrate Molar Ratio ◽  
Optimized Conditions

A novel thermotolerant lipase fromBacillus aeriuswas immobilized on inexpensive silica gel matrix. The immobilized lipase was used for the synthesis of biodiesel using castor oil as a substrate in a solvent free system at 55°C under shaking in a chemical reactor. Several crucial parameters affecting biodiesel yield such as incubation time, temperature, substrate molar ratio, and amount of lipase were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the highest biodiesel yield was up to 78.13%. The characterization of synthesized biodiesel was done through FTIR spectroscopy,1H NMR spectra, and gas chromatography.

scholarly journals Functionalization and Chemical Modification of 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate with Carboxylic Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1135-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Nasirtabrizi ◽  
L. Zargin ◽  
S. Khodabandlou ◽  
S. Rostamzadeh Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Addition Reaction ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Ft Ir

Free radical polymerization of the resulting monomers methyl methacrylate (MMA), ethyl methacrylate (EMA), methylacrylate (MA) and ethylacrylate (EA) with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) (in 1:1 mole ratio) were carried out using azobis(isoboutyronitrile) (AIBN) as initiator at the temperature ranges 60-70°C. The modification of polymers were carried out by 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid (9-ACA) via the esterification reaction between —OH of poly(HEMA) and —COOH of 9-ACA, in presence of N,N′-dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide (DCC), 4-(dimethylamino) pyridine (DMAP) and N,N-dimethyl formamid (DMF). It was found that the molar ratio acid/alcohol/catalysts= 0.02: 0.02: 0.02 and 0.002, optimal for preparation of the ester. As demonstrated by FT-IR,1H-NMR and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The Tg value of methacrylate and acrylate copolymers containing 9-ACA groups was found to increase with incorporation of 9-ACA groups in polymer structures. The presence of 9-ACA groups in the polymer side chains created new polymers with novel modified properties that find some applications in polymer industry. These anthracenic factors could take part in cyclo addition reaction with other factors such as anhydrides and kinons.

scholarly journals Synthesis of palm oil based polymeric ester through cationic addition polymerisation method

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Yan Irawan ◽  
Ika Juliana ◽  
Emil Budianto
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Polymeric Surfactant ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Reaction Conversion ◽  
Distribution Type

In this study, the synthesis of palm oil-based polymeric ester for application as a polymeric surfactant was carried out by a cationic addition polymerisation method through two steps. The initial step is a synthesis of fatty acid methyl esters oleate (FAMEO) through esterification reaction between oleic acid and methanol. The optimum conditions of the esterification reaction were carried out at a temperature of 70–80oC for 4 hours with the addition of 1wt% sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The molar ratio between oleic acid and methanol was 1:3. FAMEO was analysed using GCMS to determine the methyl ester content. The second step is the polymerisation of FAMEO. The polymerisation reaction of FAMEO was carried out at 120, 140, and 160oC with 1wt%, 3wt% and 5wt% of boron trifluoride dihydrate as a catalyst and an initiator of polymerisation reaction for 4 to 24 hours of reaction. The reaction conversion of the product was 66%. The polymeric ester was analysed H-NMR. Meanwhile, the molecular weight of that product was 1714 g/mol which analysed using GPC and the PDI was 1.12346 or equal to 1.12. It means that the polymerisation technique was controlled or living polymerisation, which indicates that the distribution type of this product was narrow monodisperse.

Preparation and Drug Release Properties of a Novel PLA-PEG-PTX Pro-Drug

2017 ◽  
Vol 727 ◽  
pp. 793-800
Author(s):  
Chong Chong Bian ◽  
Yu Shun Jin ◽  
Jun Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
Carboxyl Group ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
H Nmr

Lactide (LA) and PEG as raw materials, 2,2-Dimethylol Propionic Acid (DMPA) as initiator, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) as coupling agent, amphiphilic block copolymer PLA-PEG with side carboxyl group was synthesized. A novel PLA-PEG-PTX pro-drug was prepared through the esterification reaction between the side carboxyl group on copolymer and hydroxyl group on paclitaxel. Its structure was characterized with 1H-NMR and FT-IR. The pro-drug micelles were prepared by solvent evaporation method. The particle size of the micelles was determined by nanoparticle tracking analyzer, the micro structure of the micelles was determined by TEM, and the drug release properties were investigated by dialysis experiments. Results showed that the pro-drug micelles are spherical with core-corona structure and major particles size in 55-85nm. The PLA-PEG750-PTX (molar ratio of LA to DMPA as 40 to 1) pro-drug micelles released paclitaxel slowly and steadily without obvious burst release in buffer solution with pH=7.0, and its cumulative release rate reached to 36% in 10 hours. PLA-PEG750-PTX pro-drug micelles have a certain sustained-release effect, which is beneficial to improve the anti-tumor effect of paclitaxel.

Synthesis and characterization of cellulose acetate naphthoate with good ultraviolet and chemical resistance

e-Polymers ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Song ◽  
Mei Liu ◽  
Zhanping Yang ◽  
Songwei Xu ◽  
Bowen Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Cellulose Diacetate ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Ultraviolet Resistance ◽  
Acid Catalyzed

AbstractCommercial cellulose diacetate with a degree of substitution (DS) of 2.45 was partly deacetylated to cellulose acetate (CA) with different DSs by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and then reacted with 1-naphthoyl chloride (NpCl) to synthesize CA naphthoate (CANp). Fourier transform infrared and 1H-NMR were used to characterize the chemical structure of CANp. The DS of naphthoate moiety (DSCANp) could be varied from 0.18 to 0.98 by adjusting the molar ratio of –OH in CA unit to NpCl, the DS of CA (DSCA), and the reaction time and temperature. When DSCA was 2.01 and the molar ratio was 1:6, the maximum DSCANp of the product was achieved after a reaction at 80°C for 2 h. With the increase of DSCANp, the thermal stability decreased slightly whereas the anti-ultraviolet property was enhanced. Moreover, the obtained films containing CANp exhibited good ultraviolet resistance as well as chemical resistance.

scholarly journals The Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Cationic Asphalt Emulsifier

2019 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 03006
Author(s):  
Xue-Di Gong ◽  
Lai-Shun Shi ◽  
Tian-Yao Wang ◽  
Xiao-Meng Yu
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Reaction Yield ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Single Factor Analysis ◽  
Epoxy Value ◽  
Optimum Reaction Condition

A new cationic asphalt emulsifier of N,N-dimethyl-N-(3-(N',N'-dimethyl amido)-2-hydroxy propyl)- coconut oil amide propyl-1-ammonium chloride was synthesized by two steps reaction of coconut oil acyl propyl dimethyl tertiary amine (PKO), epoxy chloropropane and dimethylamine. The chemical structure of the key intermediate of N,N-dimethyl-N-(ethylene oxide-2-methylene)-coconut oil amide propyl-1-ammonium chloride was confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR and elemental analysis. The optimum reaction condition of first step was obtained by single factor analysis: reaction time 5 h, reaction temperature 50 °C, feedstock mole ratio of epoxy chloropropane to PKO 1.05. The reaction yield is 82.15% and the epoxy value is 40.39% at the optimum conditions. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the asphalt emulsifier is 7.80×10-2 mol/L. The surface tension at CMC is 24.57 mN/m. The emulsifier showed excellent emulsification effect for the asphalt. The prepared bituminous emulsion had higher storage stability. The emulsifier belongs to medium-set asphalt emulsifier.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Lead(II)bis{O,O'-ditolyldithiophosphates} and their Adducts with 2,2'-Bipyridyl and 1,10-Phenanthroline

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S113-S118
Author(s):  
Disha Jain Alok Chaturvedi ◽  
R.K. Upadhayay
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Ammonium Salts ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Lead Atom ◽  
H Nmr

The reaction of lead(II) dichloride with ammonium salts ofO,O'-ditolyldithiophosphoric acid have been carried out in 1:2 molar ratio by refluxing in benzene. These compounds have been further used to synthesize the adduct of the type lead(II)bis{O,O'-ditolyldithiophosphates}.2,2'-bipyridyl and lead(II)bis {O,O'-ditolyldithiophosphates}.1,10-phenanthroline by the reaction of lead(II)bis{O,O'-ditolyldithiophosphates} and 2,2'-bipyridyl and 1,10-phenanthro-line in the presence of unimolar dichloromethane and ethanol. All these complexes have been characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as IR,1H NMR and31P NMR. On the basis of spectroscopic studies tetracoordinated nature of lead atom in ditolyldithiophosphates complexes and hexacoordinated nature in their adducts have been established.

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