scholarly journals Oil Pollution in the Southeastern Baltic Sea by Satellite Remote Sensing Data in 2004-2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Bulycheva ◽  
Aleksander V. Krek ◽  
Andrey G. Kostianoy ◽  
Aleksander V. Semenov ◽  
Aleksandar Joksimovich
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Radar Images ◽  
Pi Index ◽  
Favorable Weather

Abstract The results of satellite monitoring of oil pollution in the Southeastern Baltic Sea in 2004-2015 are discussed in the paper. Interannual and seasonal variability of oil pollution is investigated. A steady decrease in total oil pollution was observed from 2004 to 2011. After a sharp increase of oil pollution in 2012, oil pollution level has established at 0.39 PI Index. Maximum of oil spills is observed in the spring and summer, which is probably due to favorable weather conditions for the detection of oil spills on radar images. According to the analysis of the shapes of the detected oil spills, it was concluded that the main polluters of the sea surface are vessels. No oil spills originated from the oil platform D-6 was detected in 2004-2015. Results of numerical experiments with the Seatrack Web oil spill model show that in the case of potential discharge of oil from the D-6 platform, oil will not reach the Curonian Spit beaches during 48 h after an accident.

International Cooperation in Oil Spill Response

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Nichols ◽  
T. H. Moller
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Specialized Equipment ◽  
Favorable Weather

ABSTRACT Effective response to a major marine oil spill occasionally calls for specialized equipment, personnel, and expertise that is beyond the capability of the country or company concerned. In recognition of this fact, a new International Convention on International Cooperation in Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response has been developed under the auspices of the International Maritime Organization. There is already considerable potential for international cooperation through existing regional conventions and agreements, and other less formal arrangements. This cooperation involves governmental agencies, the oil and shipping industries, commercial companies, insurers, intergovernmental organizations, and international industry organizations. This will be illustrated by reference to two recent major oil spills in Europe where this international cooperation proved very successful. The first involved the cleanup of some 15,000 metric tons of heavy crude oil that impacted the holiday island of Porto Santo in the Madeiran archipelago. Cooperation among the Portuguese government, The International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation, the tanker's oil pollution insurer, the Commission of the European Communities, and the governments of France, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom resulted in the rapid provision of specialized equipment and associated personnel to deal with the major shoreline contamination. The second incident, involving a spill of waste oil from a tanker in the Baltic Sea off the coast of Sweden, resulted in the rapid mobilization of cleanup resources from Sweden, Finland, Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, and the U.S.S.R. under the terms of the Helsinki Convention. During favorable weather conditions, the combined forces of the five countries were successful in recovering a high percentage of the oil at sea, with the result that the contamination of shorelines was minimal.

scholarly journals Oil Pollution Of The Southeastern Baltic Sea By Satellite Remote Sensing Data And In-Situ Measurements

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Bulycheva ◽  
Aleksander V. Krek ◽  
Andrey G. Kostianoy ◽  
Aleksander V. Semenov ◽  
Aleksandar Joksimovich
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
First Time

Abstract Results of operational satellite monitoring of oil pollution of the sea surface together with in-situ measurements of the oil products concentration in the water column for the first time allowed to establish relation between the surface pollution originated from ships, and the general characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of oil products in the water column in the Southeastern Baltic Sea. Areas with heightened concentrations of oil products in the surface and bottom layers were determined for the study area. The main directions of the contamination propagation are agreed with the main direction of annual mean transport of substances in the Gdansk Basin.

scholarly journals Satellite Monitoring Systems for Shipping and Offshore Oil and Gas Industry in the Baltic Sea

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Kostianoy ◽  
E.V. Bulycheva ◽  
A.V. Semenov ◽  
A. Krainyukov
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Oil Rig

Abstract Shipping activities, oil production and transport in the sea, oil handled in harbors, construction and exploitation of offshore oil and gas pipelines have a number of negative impacts on the marine environment and coastal zone of the seas. In 2004-2014 we elaborated several operational satellite monitoring systems for oil and gas companies in Russia and performed integrated satellite monitoring of the ecological state of coastal waters in the Baltic, Black, Caspian, and Kara seas, which included observation of oil pollution, suspended matter, and algae bloom at a fully operational mode. These monitoring systems differ from the existing ones by the analysis of a wide spectrum of satellite, meteorological and oceanographic data, as well as by a numerical modeling of oil spill transformation and transport in real weather conditions. Our experience in the Baltic Sea includes: (1) integrated satellite monitoring of oil production at the LUKOIL-KMN Ltd. D-6 oil rig in the Southeastern Baltic Sea (Kravtsovskoe oil field) in 2004-2014; (2) integrated satellite monitoring of the “Nord Stream” underwater gas pipeline construction and exploitation in the Gulf of Finland (2010-2013); (3) numerical modeling of risks of oil pollution caused by shipping along the main maritime shipping routes in the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Proper, and in the Southeastern Baltic Sea; (4) numerical modeling of risks of oil pollution caused by oil production at D-6 oil rig and oil transportation on shore via the connecting underwater oil pipeline.

scholarly journals THE USE OF SURFACE DRIFTING FLOATS IN THE MONITORING OF OIL SPILLS. THE PRESTIGE CASE

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (1) ◽  
pp. 613-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio García-Ladona ◽  
Jordi Font ◽  
Evilio del Río ◽  
Agustí Julià ◽  
Jordi Salat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Wave Forecast ◽  
The Prestige

ABSTRACT On November 13th, 2002 the 26 year old tanker Prestige reported an emergency off the North Western Spanish coast (Galicia). The ship was carrying 77,000 tons of heavy fuel oil that started to be spilled while the vessel was towed away from the coast, affecting more than 900 km of shoreline. The location and the way the accident occurred implied a great challenge for the organization and coordinaton of actions to fight against the oil pollution. The site, just off the Finis terre cap, is a complex region from the oceanographic point of view and weather conditions, and this facilitated the fuel transport and spread over a great area. In order to take rapid preventive actions, it was crucial to have accurate spill trajectory forecasts covering direction and coastal impact. Under the coordination of public agencies and Spanish academic and research institutions, an operational monitoring system was built including wind and wave forecast, oil spill dispersion models, and visual inspection flights. Although the use of lagrangian floats was made in other incidents in the past (i.e Erika tanker) the characteristics of the Prestige accident indicated the need to deploy a relative great number of buoys as a major novelty respect to similar accidents in the past. The purpose of this contribution is to describe the operational actions performed during this particular accident, and to show the use of Lagrangian floats as an efficient procedure to improve the management and advice for such catastrophic events.

Volumetric Determination of Marine Oil Spills Using Coordinated Airborne and Surface Sampling Data

1973 ◽  
Vol 1973 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
J. E. Estes ◽  
P. G. Mikolaj ◽  
R. R. Thaman ◽  
L. W. Senger
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Surface Sampling ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Marine Oil

ABSTRACT The detection, measurement, and monitoring of oil pollution in the marine environment are receiving increased attention owing to: I) the growing incidence of oil spills; 2) the associated need for improved cleanup procedures; and, 3) the need for more effective surveillance systems, capable of gathering legal evidence for the prosecution of violators. The Geography Remote Sensing Unit and the Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering at the University of California, Santa Barbara for 2 1/2 years has been conducting experiments related to the application of remotely sensed data to these problem areas. As part of a United States Coast Guard test of a high seas oil containment device, a system for estimating the volume of oil loss resulting from oil pollution incidents was developed. This system involved the coordination of remote sensing data acquisition with simultaneous collection of surface sampling data. Results indicate that remotely sensed data, when effectively correlated with surface sampling data, can provide a base for volumetric estimations of a given oil slick. Refinements of these techniques can lead to more efficient, real-time day/night, operational monitoring of marine oil pollution incidents.

NOVEL OIL-DEGRADING ALGAL-BACTERIAL ASSOCIATIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF OIL POLUTION IN THE BALTIC SEA

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 300185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Safonova ◽  
Swetlana König
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Flexible Response ◽  
Artificial Associations ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One ◽  
The Baltic

The stability of an ecosystem strongly depends on the biodiversity of its microorganisms population. The network of interactions between microorganisms provides a flexible response to various changes of the coenotic equilibrium. This equilibrium changes drastically if such a network is damaged by oil spills or any other kind of pollution, representing a danger to the existence of a whole ecosystem. Bioremediation is a method employing microorganisms to remove pollutants and to restore the ecology of populations. Understandably due to its nature, this approach is considered to be the most gentle and safe one what makes it very attractive. Our focus was to improve the efficiency of the treatment of oil pollution in the Baltic Sea. As a part of “BioBind” project, we aimed to create artificial associations of alkanotrophic bacteria and phototrophic partners (algae or cyanobacteria) and to use them as an effective tool for the removal of oil spills. In summer and winter 2011–2012, we isolated 157 strains of both algae and cyanobacteria and 199 bacteria. The samples were taken from four different places of the Baltic Sea in the areas of Rostock, St. Petersburg, Kiel and Sassnitz. After the screening, we have selected 19 strains of alkanotrophyc bacteria and 23 strains of green algae and cyanobacteria showing resistance to the pollutants. The screening was performed in media containing an oil, phenol and phenanthrene at low temperatures (4°C and 10°C) and different salt concentrations. All selected species of bacteria belonged to the genus Rhodococcus. Further selection was aimed at finding combinations of bacterial strains which show an increased degrading capacity and exceeding the one of the originally isolated microorganisms. As a result, we have selected associations with the degradation of crude oil (at the concentration of 2 g/L) with a degradation rate from 25% up to 35%. Furthermore, we have discovered that the presence of the phototrophic microorganisms in these associations resulted to a positive modest effect with regard to the efficiency of the system by several percent. Our result proves clearly the concept that bioremediation represents an effective mean to clean up oil spills. This is remarkable that the system also shows plasticity and can be improved by creating different variations of the microorganisms constituting it. Thus bioremedation provides scope for further development. The selected artificial associations can be recommended for the purification of oil pollution in the Baltic Sea.

Satellite Monitoring of Oil Pollution in the Southeastern Baltic Sea

2013 ◽  
pp. 125-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey G. Kostianoy ◽  
Olga Yu. Lavrova ◽  
Marina I. Mityagina ◽  
Dmytro M. Solovyov ◽  
Sergey A. Lebedev
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Satellite Monitoring

scholarly journals SATELLITE RADAR MONITORING OF OIL POLLUTION IN THE WATER AREAS BETWEEN ANAPA AND GELENDZHIK IN 2018–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-185
Author(s):  
N. A. Knyazev ◽  
O. Yu. Lavrova ◽  
A. G. Kostianoy
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Northeastern Part ◽  
Radar Images ◽  
Data Archives ◽  
Satellite Radar

The paper presents the results of satellite monitoring of oil pollution in the northeastern part of the Black Sea in the area between Anapa and Gelendzhik in 2018–2020. The monitoring was carried out using the archives of radar data obtained by SAR-C radars installed on the Sentinel-1A and -1B satellites. The work with the data archives was carried out using the tools of the “See the Sea” (STS) information system developed at the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The conducted satellite monitoring revealed the main sources of sea surface pollution with oil products in the study area. The overwhelming pollution (85%) is associated with discharges of water containing oil products from moving vessels. With the help of STS tools, a map of oil pollution detected on radar images was compiled, on the basis of which the main areas of oil pollution were identified. These include the main shipping routes to the Novorossiysk Sea Port, the anchorage of ships and the water areas of the Tsemes (Novorossiysk) Bay and Gelendzhik Bay. Seasonal and interannual variability of oil pollution was determined on the basis of satellite information for the area between Anapa and Gelendzhik. The results of the 2018–2020 monitoring were compared with those obtained during similar monitoring carried out in 2006–2010. It was concluded that there has been no reduction in the amount of detected pollution, which negatively affects the ecological state of the northeastern part of the Black Sea.

scholarly journals Solutions for effective oil spill management in the south–eastern part of the Baltic Sea

Baltica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (special) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergej Suzdalev ◽  
Saulius Gulbinskas ◽  
Vadim Sivkov ◽  
Tatiana Bukanova
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
The South ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Oil Export ◽  
The Baltic

The Baltic Sea is facing exceptionally intensive marine traffic. Oil products in addition to other cargo types are being transported in this marine area. Therefore, the risk of potential oil pollution is very high. Although, the Baltic Sea has not experienced catastrophic oil spills, there have been spills causing serious environmental damage in the region. Construction of oil terminals and planned growth of Russian oil export through Baltic Sea ports along with the operation of large oil enterprises and oil drilling platforms make maritime safety a priority task for the Baltic Sea region. The publications collected in present Baltica Journal Special Issue set sights on the improvement of oil spill management in the South–Eastern Baltic Sea as well as stimulate the appearance of new transnational response agreements in the region.

OIL POLLUTION OF THE SOUTHEASTERN BALTIC SEA SURFACE AND POSSIBLE DIRECTIONS OF ITS PROPAGATION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Krek ◽  
Alexander Krek ◽  
Elena Bulycheva ◽  
Elena Bulycheva ◽  
Andrey Kostianoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
National Park ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Curonian Spit ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Oil And Oil Products

Ships, seeps from the seabed, municipal and industrial waste waters, and the atmosphere are the main sources of sea water contamination with oil and oil products. During the satellite monitoring of the Kravtsovskoe oilfield (D-6) (2004-2015) the area west of Sambia Peninsula and anchorage in front of entrance to Kaliningrad Sea Canal were localized as the most polluted area of the Southeastern Baltic Sea. Oil spill drift forecast from these areas with a help of Seatrack Web model (SMHI, HELCOM) has shown that the average annual direction of oil pollution drift is directed to the North-East. In some cases, leakage of oil or oil products from ships west of Sambia Peninsula could be a reason of oil contamination of beaches of the “Curonian Spit” National Park.

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