OIL POLLUTION OF THE SOUTHEASTERN BALTIC SEA SURFACE AND POSSIBLE DIRECTIONS OF ITS PROPAGATION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Krek ◽  
Alexander Krek ◽  
Elena Bulycheva ◽  
Elena Bulycheva ◽  
Andrey Kostianoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
National Park ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Curonian Spit ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Oil And Oil Products

Ships, seeps from the seabed, municipal and industrial waste waters, and the atmosphere are the main sources of sea water contamination with oil and oil products. During the satellite monitoring of the Kravtsovskoe oilfield (D-6) (2004-2015) the area west of Sambia Peninsula and anchorage in front of entrance to Kaliningrad Sea Canal were localized as the most polluted area of the Southeastern Baltic Sea. Oil spill drift forecast from these areas with a help of Seatrack Web model (SMHI, HELCOM) has shown that the average annual direction of oil pollution drift is directed to the North-East. In some cases, leakage of oil or oil products from ships west of Sambia Peninsula could be a reason of oil contamination of beaches of the “Curonian Spit” National Park.

OIL POLLUTION OF THE SOUTHEASTERN BALTIC SEA SURFACE AND POSSIBLE DIRECTIONS OF ITS PROPAGATION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Krek ◽  
Alexander Krek ◽  
Elena Bulycheva ◽  
Elena Bulycheva ◽  
Andrey Kostianoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
National Park ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Curonian Spit ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Oil And Oil Products

Ships, seeps from the seabed, municipal and industrial waste waters, and the atmosphere are the main sources of sea water contamination with oil and oil products. During the satellite monitoring of the Kravtsovskoe oilfield (D-6) (2004-2015) the area west of Sambia Peninsula and anchorage in front of entrance to Kaliningrad Sea Canal were localized as the most polluted area of the Southeastern Baltic Sea. Oil spill drift forecast from these areas with a help of Seatrack Web model (SMHI, HELCOM) has shown that the average annual direction of oil pollution drift is directed to the North-East. In some cases, leakage of oil or oil products from ships west of Sambia Peninsula could be a reason of oil contamination of beaches of the “Curonian Spit” National Park.

scholarly journals Oil Pollution Of The Southeastern Baltic Sea By Satellite Remote Sensing Data And In-Situ Measurements

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Bulycheva ◽  
Aleksander V. Krek ◽  
Andrey G. Kostianoy ◽  
Aleksander V. Semenov ◽  
Aleksandar Joksimovich
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
First Time

Abstract Results of operational satellite monitoring of oil pollution of the sea surface together with in-situ measurements of the oil products concentration in the water column for the first time allowed to establish relation between the surface pollution originated from ships, and the general characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of oil products in the water column in the Southeastern Baltic Sea. Areas with heightened concentrations of oil products in the surface and bottom layers were determined for the study area. The main directions of the contamination propagation are agreed with the main direction of annual mean transport of substances in the Gdansk Basin.

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF SEA RADIANCE COEFFICIENT SPECTRA MEASURED REMOTELY IN COASTAL WATERS OF FIVE SEAS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Rostovtseva ◽  
Vera Rostovtseva ◽  
Igor Goncharenko ◽  
Igor Goncharenko ◽  
Dmitrii Khlebnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Constituents ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The Baltic

Sea radiance coefficient, defined as the ratio of the sunlight reflected by the water bulk to the sunlight illuminating the water surface, is one of the most informative optical characteristics of the seawater that can be obtained by passive remote sensing. We got the sea radiance coefficient spectra by processing the data obtained in measurements from board a moving ship. Using sea radiance coefficient optical spectra it is possible to estimate water constituents concentration and their distribution over the aquatory of interest. However, thus obtained sea radiance coefficient spectra are strongly affected by weather and measurement conditions and needs some calibration. It was shown that practically all the spectra of sea radiance coefficient have some generic peculiarities regardless of the type of sea waters. These peculiarities can be explained by the spectrum of pure sea water absorption. Taking this into account a new calibration method was developed. The measurements were carried out with the portative spectroradiometers from board a ship in the five different seas: at the north-east coast of the Black Sea, in the Gdansk Bay of the Baltic Sea, in the west part of the Aral Sea, in the Kara Sea with the Ob’ Bay and in the Philippine Sea at the coast of Taiwan. The new method of calibration was applied to the obtained spectra of the sea radiance coefficient that enabled us to get the corresponding absorption spectra and estimate the water constituents concentration in every region. The obtained concentration estimates were compared to the values obtained in water samples taken during the same measurement cycle and available data from other investigations. The revealed peculiarities of the sea radiance coefficient spectra in the aquatories under exploration were compared to the corresponding water content and some characteristic features were discussed.

scholarly journals Satellite Monitoring Systems for Shipping and Offshore Oil and Gas Industry in the Baltic Sea

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Kostianoy ◽  
E.V. Bulycheva ◽  
A.V. Semenov ◽  
A. Krainyukov
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Oil Rig

Abstract Shipping activities, oil production and transport in the sea, oil handled in harbors, construction and exploitation of offshore oil and gas pipelines have a number of negative impacts on the marine environment and coastal zone of the seas. In 2004-2014 we elaborated several operational satellite monitoring systems for oil and gas companies in Russia and performed integrated satellite monitoring of the ecological state of coastal waters in the Baltic, Black, Caspian, and Kara seas, which included observation of oil pollution, suspended matter, and algae bloom at a fully operational mode. These monitoring systems differ from the existing ones by the analysis of a wide spectrum of satellite, meteorological and oceanographic data, as well as by a numerical modeling of oil spill transformation and transport in real weather conditions. Our experience in the Baltic Sea includes: (1) integrated satellite monitoring of oil production at the LUKOIL-KMN Ltd. D-6 oil rig in the Southeastern Baltic Sea (Kravtsovskoe oil field) in 2004-2014; (2) integrated satellite monitoring of the “Nord Stream” underwater gas pipeline construction and exploitation in the Gulf of Finland (2010-2013); (3) numerical modeling of risks of oil pollution caused by shipping along the main maritime shipping routes in the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Proper, and in the Southeastern Baltic Sea; (4) numerical modeling of risks of oil pollution caused by oil production at D-6 oil rig and oil transportation on shore via the connecting underwater oil pipeline.

Modeling Transit Flow Through Port Gates and Connecting Channel in Baltic Sea—Liepaja Port—Liepaja Lake System

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilnis Frishfelds ◽  
Juris Sennikovs ◽  
Uldis Bethers ◽  
Jens Murawski ◽  
Andrejs Timuhins
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Lake System ◽  
The North ◽  
Transit Flow ◽  
Trade Channel ◽  
Calm Weather ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Baltic

This study investigates a water transport features by extending Copernicus Marine Environment Service (CMEMS) to the Liepaja coast-port-channel-lake system with a two-way nested model. The Liepaja lake and Liepaja port are connected by Trade channel. The Liepaja port has three gates—the openings in wave breakers connecting the port aquatory with the Baltic sea. Each of gates has a corresponding dredged channel for securing the navigation. A hydrodynamic model is set up to study the flow and water level in this system. The area of the port gates, port and Trade channel are resolved by 33 m grid. The model results are verified against currents and sea level observations inside/outside port, Trade channel and Liepaja lake. Results and observations show that strong currents occur in the Trade channel in case of rapid sea level change in Baltic sea despite the Trade channel is rather shallow at the connection with Liepaja lake. The northern part of the Liepaja lake gets filled with brackish water during storm surge events. The channel has notable alternating current also during a relatively calm weather due to the port seiches. Long and narrow shape of the channel implies the Helmholtz type oscillations between the lake and the port with a period in approximately semidiurnal range. Hydrodynamic simulations describe well these oscillations but the phase of hourly scale oscillations in the port may differ in case of weak external forcing. Water exchange is significantly increased by the transit (gate to gate) sea currents. This transit flow usually occurs between South or Central gate and the North gate carrying sea water into the port. Northward flow of the surface layer is more characteristic in the port aquatory due the prevailing south-western winds. There are intense morphological processes at the coastline and underwater slope near the Liepaja port due to a sandy western coastline of Latvia, long fetch of the waves and strong currents at the port gates. Liepaja port is one of the Latvian ports in HywasPort operational service of hydrodynamics, waves and siltation.

New and noteworthy Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 374 (3) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABIÁN A. MICHELANGELI ◽  
RENATO GOLDENBERG
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Nodal Line ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Sclerophyllous Forests

We describe six new species of Melastomataceae from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park and surrounding areas from the Department of Pasco, Province of Oxapampa in Central Peru. Macrocentrum andinum is the first species of the genus described from the Andes, found along creeks at 400–500 m elev. and characterized by its anysophyllous leaves, pubescent stems and four-merous flowers. Meriania rubriflora is found in forests above 2200 m elev. and it is characterized by stem nodes with stipular flaps, leaves with an acute base and four merous, deep red flowers. Miconia palcazuana is found along rivers and streams at 300–400 m on the eastern flank of the park, and it can be distinguished by its flowers with pink anthers with glands on the connective and narrowly oblanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate leaves. Miconia yanachagaensis grows in the dwarf-sclerophyllous forests at the top of ridges and grasslands over 2800 m elev. and it is characterized by its long dendritic-pedicellate trichomes on the abaxial leaf surface, the stems flattened to terete and the presence of a conspicuous annular nodal line. Triolena rojasae is found growing on rocks along the Palcazú River and its tributaries, and it is characterized by its lanceolate-crenate leaves. Triolena vasquezii grows on the northern end of the Huancabamba canyon and the North East portion of the park and can be distinguished by its pustulate leaves with purple abaxial surface and anthers with two ventral appendages. We also present the first report of the genus Wurdastom for Peru.

scholarly journals The flood extent in the lower Biebrza basin calculated by the 1D flow model for different land use scenarios

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Szporak ◽  
Dorota Mirosław-Świątek ◽  
Jarosław Chormański
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
National Park ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
River Valley ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Land Use Scenarios ◽  
Flooded Area

The flood extent in the lower Biebrza basin calculated by the 1D flow model for different land use scenarios The flood extent in the lower Biebrza basin calculated by the 1D flow model for different land use scenarios. An application of an steady 1D flow model for determination of a flood extent in the natural river valley is discussed in this paper. The Pasche method was used to calculate the total Darcy-Weisbach friction factor for each cross section according to the type of vegetation and flow interaction between the main channel and vegetated areas. In this approach friction caused by interaction between the main channel and vegetated areas are taken into account. The model was applied to the Biebrza Valley, fairly undisturbed river-marginal peatland, located in the north-east of Poland. Actual land use carried out in the National Park was analyzed to determine the influence of changes in the vegetation structure on the flood extent in the river valley. The obtained results show variation of a flooded area in relation to the vegetation of the floodplain.

scholarly journals Using spatial indicators to investigate fish spawning strategies from ichthyoplankton surveys: A case study on co-occurring pelagic species in the NE Aegean Sea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
STAVROULA TSOUKALI ◽  
MARIANNA GIANNOULAKI ◽  
APOSTOLOS SIAPATIS ◽  
EUDOXIA SCHISMENOU ◽  
STYLIANOS SOMARAKIS
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Chub Mackerel ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Fish Spawning ◽  
Spatial Indicators

Multispecies ichthyoplankton associations are believed to be adaptive and their objective definition can be useful in designating species with similar or contrasting spawning strategies. In this case study, a suite of indicators, recently developed to characterize the spatial patterns of animal populations, are applied on egg abundance data of summer-spawning European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), round sardinella (Sardinella aurita) and chub mackerel (Scomber colias), in an effort to identify common or contrasting spawning patterns in the North-East Aegean Sea (NEA) and their relation to the major oceanographic features of the area. A considerable increase in abundance and area of presence was observed between the early (May) and advanced (July) phase of the 2010 spawning period. The definition of major spatial patches revealed a persistent multispecies spawning location associated with the outflow of Black Sea water (BSW). A second major patch was defined for anchovy and chub mackerel in July, clearly associated with the Samothraki gyre (SG). In contrast, round sardinella spawned in coastal waters outside the SG. Surprisingly, in May 2010, the spawning intensity of anchovy was very low in the SG which was attributed to unfavorable conditions caused by the bloom of mucilage-producing phytoplankton cells. The levels of aggregation and occupation of space seemed to be adequately described by the indices of Positive, Equivalent and Spreading Area. Conclusively, many of the spatial indicators applied in this study have the potential to become important tools for studying egg distributions and the changing priorities of adult fish in selecting spawning sites.

scholarly journals HOLOTHURIOIDEA (ECHINODERMATA) DE AGUAS SOMERAS EN LA COSTA NORTE DE COLOMBIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Enrique Caycedo
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
National Park ◽  
New Records ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Field Identification

Systematic and ecological remarks are presented on 14 species of shallow water holothurians of the northern coast of Colombia. The material was collected from Islas del Rosario off the coast southwest of Cartagena (10° 08' 39" Lat. N 75° 43, 21" Long. W) and from Tayrona National Park to the north east of Santa Marta (11° 20, Lat. N and 74 05, Long. W). Ten species are new records to Colombia, one of them appeared to be undescribed as yet (Holothuria thomaú sp. nov. Pawson & Caycedo, in preparation). A key to these species is given. The occurrence of some species in abundance in different habitats is discussed in order to elucidate ecological interrelationships and facilitate field identification.

scholarly journals Environment Pollution With Oil Products and Review of Possibilities for Collection Thereof

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Juris Treijs ◽  
Edmunds Teirumnieks ◽  
Viktors Mironovs
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Small Water ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Military Facilities ◽  
Oil And Oil Products

The largest global pollution nowadays gives oil and oil products. This contamination poses a danger to the environment and aquatic eco-systems. Not only seas but also small water bodies and watercourses, as well as coastal areas, soil and groundwater are contaminated with oil products. Contamination results in destruction of some plants or animals, but in events of high oil contamination also of the entire ecosystem. Latvia has inherited the oil pollution from both the Soviet Union large-scale industry and its military facilities, as well as at present the oil products are getting into environment from petrol stations, accidents, and from the cross-border pollution. In many cases of oil spills, people are trying to collect them in order to have no impact on the environment, but unfortunately very often, even in most cases this does not occur. Financial resources, as well as the lack of appropriate technologies or restricted possibilities for their application are the limiting factors. The article deals with the traditional methods of oil collection in water and also describes options for decontamination of polluted soil from the oil products. A brief insight is provided into application of ferromagnetic sorbents, which is a new method for collection of oil and oil products.

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