Multi-Soliton and Rational Solutions for the Extended Fifth-Order KdV Equation in Fluids

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 559-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao-Qing Meng ◽  
Yi-Tian Gao ◽  
Da-Wei Zuo ◽  
Yu-Jia Shen ◽  
Yu-Hao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kdv Equation ◽  
Soliton Solutions ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Wave Shape ◽  
Rational Solutions ◽  
Weakly Nonlinear ◽  
First Order ◽  
Propagation Properties ◽  
Kdv Type Equations ◽  
Fifth Order

AbstractKorteweg–de Vries (KdV)-type equations are used as approximate models governing weakly nonlinear long waves in fluids, where the first-order nonlinear and dispersive terms are retained and in balance. The retained second-order terms can result in the extended fifth-order KdV equation. Through the Darboux transformation (DT), multi-soliton solutions for the extended fifth-order KdV equation with coefficient constraints are constructed. Soliton propagation properties and interactions are studied: except for the velocity, the amplitude and width of the soliton are not influenced by the coefficient of the original equation; the amplitude, velocity, and wave shape of each soltion remain unchanged after the interaction. By virtue of the generalised DT and Taylor expansion of the solutions for the corresponding Lax pair, the first- and second-order rational solutions of the equation are obtained.

Abundant New Exact Solutions of the Coupled Potential KdV Equation and the Modified KdV-Type Equation

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 809-815
Author(s):  
Zhenya Yan
Keyword(s):  
Exact Solutions ◽  
Evolution Equations ◽  
Kdv Equation ◽  
Soliton Solutions ◽  
Type Equation ◽  
Travelling Wave ◽  
Nonlinear Evolution Equations ◽  
Rational Solutions ◽  
Soliton Theory ◽  
Kdv Type Equations

Abstract Exact solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs)in soliton theory and their applications are studied. A powerful method is established to search for exact travelling wave solutions of NLEEs. We chose the coupled potential KdV equation and modified KdV-type equations presented by Foursov to illustrate the approach with the aid of Maple. As a result, eight families of exact solutions of the coupled potential KdV equation and nine families of exact solutions of the modified KdV-type equations are obtained, which contain new kink-like soliton solutions, kink­ shaped solitons, bell-shaped solitons, periodic solutions, rational solutions and singular solitons. The properties of the solutions are shown in figures.

THE SECOND-ORDER KdV EQUATION AND ITS SOLITON-LIKE SOLUTION

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (14) ◽  
pp. 1771-1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUN-TE LEE ◽  
JINN-LIANG LIU ◽  
CHUN-CHE LEE ◽  
YAW-HONG KANG
Keyword(s):  
Solitary Waves ◽  
Soliton Solution ◽  
Kdv Equation ◽  
Soliton Solutions ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Close Resemblance ◽  
De Vries

This paper presents both the theoretical and numerical explanations for the existence of a two-soliton solution for a second-order Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. Our results show that there exists "quasi-soliton" solutions for the equation in which solitary waves almost retain their identities in a suitable physical regime after they interact, and bear a close resemblance to the pure KdV solitons.

Construction of soliton solutions for modified Kawahara equation arising in shallow water waves using novel techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (07) ◽  
pp. 2050045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naila Nasreen ◽  
Aly R. Seadawy ◽  
Dianchen Lu
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Water Waves ◽  
Kdv Equation ◽  
Soliton Solutions ◽  
Nonlinear Problems ◽  
Applied Physics ◽  
Kawahara Equation ◽  
Generalized Riccati Equation ◽  
All Solutions ◽  
Fifth Order

The modified Kawahara equation also called Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation of fifth-order arises in shallow water wave and capillary gravity water waves. This study is based on the generalized Riccati equation mapping and modified the F-expansion methods. Several types of solitons such as Bright soliton, Dark-lump soliton, combined bright dark solitary waves, have been derived for the modified Kawahara equation. The obtained solutions have significant applications in applied physics and engineering. Moreover, stability of the problem is presented after being examined through linear stability analysis that justify that all solutions are stable. We also present some solution graphically in 3D and 2D that gives easy understanding about physical explanation of the modified Kawahara equation. The calculated work and achieved outcomes depict the power of the present methods. Furthermore, we can solve various other nonlinear problems with the help of simple and effective techniques.

Global energetics of fast magnetic reconnection

1988 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jardine ◽  
E. R. Priest
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Weakly Nonlinear ◽  
First Order ◽  
Weakly Nonlinear Theory ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Pile Up ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Converging Flow

We examine the global energetics of a recent weakly nonlinear theory of fast steady-state reconnection in an incompressible plasma (Jardine & Priest 1988). This is itself an extension to second order of the Priest & Forbes (1986) family of models, of which Petschek-like and Sonnerup-like solutions are special cases. While to first order we find that the energy conversion is insensitive to the type of solution (such as slow compression or flux pile-up), to second order not only does the total energy converted vary but so also does the ratio of the thermal to kinetic energies produced. For a slow compression with a strongly converging flow, the amount of energy converted is greatest and is dominated by the thermal contribution, while for a flux pile-up with a strongly diverging flow, the amount of energy converted is smallest and is dominated by the kinetic contribution. We also find that the total energy flowing out of the downstream region can be increased either by increasing the external magnetic Mach number Me or the external plasma beta βe Increasing Me also enhances the variations between different types of solutions.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Study of an Extended KDV Equation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Explicit Solution ◽  
Kdv Equation ◽  
Integrable Equation ◽  
Weakly Nonlinear ◽  
Kdv Equations ◽  
Weakly Nonlinear Waves ◽  
Extended Kdv Equation ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Fifth Order

Discovered experimentally by Russell and described theoretically by Korteweg and de Vries, KdV equation has been a nonlinear evolution equation describing the propagation of weakly dispersive and weakly nonlinear waves. This equation received a lot of attention from mathematical and physical communities as an integrable equation. The objectives of this paper are: first, providing a rigorous mathematical derivation of an extended KdV equations, one on the velocity, other on the surface elevation, next, solving explicitly the one on the velocity. In order to derive rigorously these equations, we will refer to the definition of consistency, and to find an explicit solution for this equation, we will use the sine-cosine method. As a result of this work, a rigorous justification of the extended Kdv equation of fifth order will be done, and an explicit solution of this equation will be derived.

Interaction of a Second-Order Solitary Wave With an Array of Four Vertical Cylinders

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Basmat ◽  
M. Markiewicz ◽  
S. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Solitary Wave ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Order Approximation ◽  
Boussinesq Equations ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Nonlinearity Parameter ◽  
Wave Forces ◽  
Weakly Nonlinear ◽  
First Order ◽  
Vertical Cylinders

In this paper the interaction of a plane second order solitary wave with an array of four vertical cylinders is investigated. The fluid is assumed to be incompressible and inviscid. The diffraction analysis assumes irrotationality, which allows for the use of Boussinesq equations. A simultaneous expansion in a small nonlinearity parameter (wave amplitude/depth) and small dispersion parameter (depth/horizontal scale) is performed. Boussinesq models, which describe weakly nonlinear and weakly dispersive long waves, are characterized by the assumption that the nonlinearity and dispersion are both small and of the same order. An incident plane second order solitary wave is the Laitone solution of Boussinesq equations. The representation of variables as the series of small nonlinearity parameters leads to the sequence of linear boundary value problems of increasing order. The first order approximation can be determined as a solution of homogeneous differential equations and the second order approximation follows as a solution of non-homogeneous differential equations, where the right hand sides may be computed from the first order solution. For the case of a single cylinder an analytical solution exists. However, when dealing with more complex cylinder configurations, one has to employ numerical techniques. In this contribution a finite element approach combined with an appropriate time stepping scheme is used to model the wave propagation around an array of four surface piercing vertical cylinders. The velocity potential, the free surface elevation and the subsequent evolution of the scattered field are computed. Furthermore, the total second order wave forces on each individual cylinder are determined. The effect of the incident wave angle is discussed.

Development of the female flower and gynecandrous partial inflorescence of Myrica californica

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair D. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Order ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Third Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
Unique Structure ◽  
Inflorescence Axis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Fifth Order ◽  
Partial Inflorescence

Organogenesis of the female flower and gynecandrous partial inflorescence is described. Approximately 25 first-order inflorescence bracts are formed in an acropetal sequence. A second-order inflorescence axis, the partial inflorescence, develops in the axil of each bract. Third-, fourth-, and fifth-order axes arise in the axils of second-, third-, and fourth-order bracts. A gynoecium terminates a second-order axis and sometimes a distal third-order axis. A gynoecium consists of two stigmas and one basal, unitegmic, orthotropous ovule. The wall enclosing the ovule, the circumlocular wall, is comprised distally of gynoecial tissue and proximally of tissue of the inflorescence axis and its appendages. The latter portion of the wall is formed by zonal growth. Androecial members, formed proximal to the gynoecium on the partial inflorescence, are carried onto the circumlocular wall by zonal growth. A stamen may develop from the last-formed primordium before gynoecial inception or from a potentially stigmatic primordium. The papillae of the flower and fruit arise as emergences and from potentially bracteate, axial, and staminate primorida during the development of the circumlocular wall. The term circumlocular wall is used in a neutral sense to describe this unique structure. Since the gynoecium is composed of gynoecial appendages and inflorescence axis and appendages, a functional definition of gynoecium must be expanded to include any tissue, including an inflorescence, that surrounds the ovule(s) and forms the fruit(s).

High-order breathers, lumps and hybrid solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional fifth-order KdV equation

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (22) ◽  
pp. 1950255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Tao Li ◽  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Xiang-Yu Yang ◽  
Biao Li
Keyword(s):  
Kdv Equation ◽  
Perturbation Expansion ◽  
Soliton Solutions ◽  
High Order ◽  
Bilinear Method ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
Hybrid Solutions ◽  
Wave Limit ◽  
Fifth Order ◽  
Parameter Constraints

In this paper, the (2+1)-dimensional fifth-order KdV equation is analytically investigated. By using Hirota’s bilinear method combined with perturbation expansion, the high-order breather solutions of the fifth-order KdV equation are generated. Then, the high-order lump solutions are also derived from the soliton solutions by a long-wave limit method and some suitable parameter constraints. Furthermore, we extend this method to obtain hybrid solutions by taking long-wave limit for partial soliton solutions. Finally, the dynamic behavior of these solutions is presented in the figures.

Verifying the Soliton Solutions to the Fifth Order KdV Equation by Ordinary Inverse Scattering Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 1000-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Ma ◽  
Jin Chun He
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Scattering ◽  
Kdv Equation ◽  
Soliton Solutions ◽  
Inverse Scattering Method ◽  
Scattering Method ◽  
Fifth Order ◽  
Jost Solution

The Jost solution of the fifth order KdV equation derived from inverse scattering transformation in Gel’fand-Levitan-Marchenko formalism satisfy the both two compatibility equations. Therefore, the soliton solutions to the fifth order KdV equation can be verified theoretically.

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