Phenolic Composition of Bud Exudates of Populus deltoides

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Greenaway ◽  
S. English ◽  
F. R. Whatley
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methyl Ether ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
North American ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phenolic Composition ◽  
American States ◽  
Related Compounds

Abstract Bud exudate of Populus deltoides clones originating from six central and eastern American states was examined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and the components were identified. The principal components of the bud exudate were the flavone galangin, the flavanone pinocembrin and the flavanonol pinobanksin, together with the related compounds pinocembrin chalcone, pinobanksin methyl ether and pinobanksin-3-acetate. The bud exudate composition was very different from that seen in a North American poplar of the section Tacamahaca, P. balsamifera. The bud exudates from all P. deltoides specimens were similar excepting that from Vermont.

Determination of Polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and Related Compounds in Commercial Chlorophenols

1972 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Firestone ◽  
John Ress ◽  
N L Brown ◽  
R P Barron ◽  
J N Damico
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Electron Capture ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Alumina Column ◽  
Spectrometric Data ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Chromatographic Mass

Abstract Twenty-one commercial chlorophenols were examined for the presence of polychlorodibenzo- p-dioxins (chlorodioxins) and related compounds. The chlorophenols were dissolved in aqueous alkali, extracted with petroleum ether, and fractionated on an alumina column. Alumina fractions were examined by electron capture gas chromatography and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Chlorodioxin content was estimated by electron capture gas chromatography. The presence of chlorodioxins, polychlorodibenzofurans (chlorofurans), and polychlorodiphenyl ethers (chloroethers) was confirmed by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The 2,3,-7,8-tetrachlorodioxin was found in 3 of 6 samples of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol but was not detected in any of the 11 samples of tetra- and pentachlorophenol that were examined. Hexachlorodioxin was present at levels ranging from 0.17 to 39 ppm in all 8 pentachlorophenols examined. Hexa-, hepta-, and octachlorodioxins as well as a wide variety of chlorofurans and chloroethers of varying chlorine content were present in most of the tetra- and pentachlorophenols. In addition, the gas chromatographic- mass spectrometric data suggested that some of the chlorophenols contained methoxy- and dimethoxypolychlorofurans and methoxypolychloroethers as well as polychlorohy droxybiphenyl.

scholarly journals Biologically Active Contaminants of Intravenous Saline in PVC Packaging: Australasian, European, and North American Samples

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Story ◽  
J. Leeder ◽  
P. Cullis ◽  
R. Bellomo
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
North American ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Breakdown Product ◽  
Intravenous Saline ◽  
Saline Solutions

We have previously found evidence of contaminants in 0.9% saline packaged in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for clinical use. For this current study we asked two questions: (1) what are the organic chemical contaminants in solutions packaged in PVC? and (2) do the contaminants vary in bags manufactured in different countries? We studied samples of 0.9% saline packaged in PVC from Australasia, Europe, and North America. We analysed the saline solutions with high-resolution capillary gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. Components of the Australasian and European bags were also analysed using thermodesorption followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. In three pairs of samples we found twenty-four different organic contaminants of the saline solutions. Diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) was found in all solutions; the concentrations were greater than 10 μg/l in the Australasian and European samples. All samples contained 2-ethyl hexanol (>50 μg/l), a DEHP breakdown product. The Australasian and North American samples contained cyclohexanone at concentrations of about 1000 μg/l. The cyclohexanone probably originated in joints at the bases of the bags. Both the Australasian and European bags contained t-butyl cyclohexanol (>500 μg/l) and t-butyl cyclohexanone (>50 μg/l). Printing ink on the outside of the bags was the most likely source for both of these contaminants. Several of the contaminants are toxic to animals. Little is known about the toxicity of combinations of contaminants.

Detection of 30 Acidic Herbicides and Related Compounds as Their Pentafluorobenzylic Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1587-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Heberer ◽  
Susanne Butz ◽  
Hans-Juergen Stan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
Acidic Herbicides ◽  
Related Compounds

Abstract Thirty phenoxyalkanoic acids, other acidic herbicides, and related compounds were derivatized with pentafluorobenzyl bromide to form their pentafluorobenzylic derivatives. Mass spectra are presented. Determination and detection of the derivatives was performed by capillary gas chromatography (GC)/mass spectrometry. With selected- ion monitoring, an optimized GC method, and appropriate time-window setting, the determination of all compounds could be achieved in a single GC run. The determination of ≤1 pg of the target compounds was achieved using electron-impact ionization in selected-ion monitoring mode. Most of the analytes were extracted from tap water, and recoveries were 80–100% when solid-phase extraction was applied with a carefully selected reversedphase-C18 adsorbent. The method enabled the detection of these contaminants from drinking water at the low nanogram-per-liter level when applying a concentration factor of 10 000.

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