Individuo e comunità di fronte alla paretimologia

2018 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-380
Author(s):  
Riccardo Regis
Keyword(s):  
Vantage Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Diffusion ◽  
Critical Overview

AbstractThis paper deals with folk etymology from the vantage point of sociolinguistics. After a critical overview of the concepts of «parole-Volksetymologie» and «langue-Volksetymologie» (Heike Olschansky), a new dichotomy based on the Coserian couple of habla (‘speech’; It. discorso) and norma (‘norm’) is proposed, with the aim of depicting the social diffusion of folk etymology. The categories of «paretimologia di discorso» (‘speech folk etymology’) and «paretimologia di norma» (‘norm folk etymology’) are thus coined and discussed, the examples being taken mainly from Italian and the Italoromance dialects.

scholarly journals Women at university. Strategies and achievements of a secular presence in Latin America and Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 002
Author(s):  
Consuelo Flecha-García ◽  
Alicia Itatí Palermo
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Female Students ◽  
University Education ◽  
Social Barriers ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
The Social ◽  
University Archives ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Critical Overview ◽  
Life Aspirations

This paper offers a descriptive and critical overview of the experience of the presence of women at university in Spain and several countries in Latin America. It focuses not just on how they embarked on different degrees, but also on the extent to which they went on to exercise professionally and the social barriers encountered at each step. It describes some of the strategies used on the paths followed to study at university during almost one hundred and fifty years, and the achievements made possible by this education, both inside and outside the academic setting. The paper draws on primary documentary sources from university archives and newspaper libraries and includes a review of the literature on the subject. These documentary searches provided us with a great deal of valuable information that has helped us in our task. The indicators of the subject matter studied are, amongst others, university education, female lecturers, history and sociology, female students and life aspirations.

Diffusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 178-199
Author(s):  
Hans-Jörg Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Cascade Model ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Linguistic Variation ◽  
Spatial Diffusion ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Diffusion ◽  
S Curve

The chapter discusses the nature of the process of diffusion as a feedback-loop process and explains its contribution to the conventionalization of innovations, to linguistic variation, change, and persistence. The chapter is divided into sections portraying spatial diffusion, social diffusion, and stylistic diffusion as highly dynamic, potentially reversible, and therefore largely unpredictable. Aspects discussed include various models of spatial diffusion (e.g. the gravity model and the cascade model), the S-curve model of the social diffusion of innovations, as well as processes such as standardization, colloquialization, and vernacularization. It is highlighted that all three dimensions of diffusion must always be kept in sight. This is illustrated by discussing the variable -ing vs -in as a standard example of what Labov (2001) calls a ‘stable sociolinguistic variable’.

scholarly journals Fostering sustainability through technology-mediated interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 919-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marylyn Carrigan ◽  
Solon Magrizos ◽  
Jordon Lazell ◽  
Ioannis Kostopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Critical Overview

PurposeThis article addresses the lack of scholarly attention paid to the sharing economy from a sociological perspective, with respect to the technology-mediated interactions between sharing economy users. The paper provides a critical overview of the sharing economy and its impact on business and communities and explores how information technology can facilitate authentic, genuine sharing through exercising and enabling conviviality and non-direct reciprocity.Design/methodology/approachThe paper begins with a critique of the technology-mediated sharing economy, introduces the concept of conviviality as a tool to grow and shape community and sustainability within the sharing economy and then explores reciprocity and sharing behaviour. Finally, the paper draws upon social exchange theory to illustrate conviviality and reciprocity, using four case studies of technology-enabled sharing.FindingsThe paper contributes to the emerging debate around how the sharing economy, driven by information systems and technology, affects social cohesion and personal relationships. The paper elucidates the central role conviviality and reciprocity play in explaining the paradoxes, tensions and impact of the sharing economy on society. Conviviality and reciprocity are positioned as key capabilities of a more sustainable version of the sharing economy, enabled via information technology.Originality/valueThe findings reveal that information technology-mediated sharing enterprises should promote conviviality and reciprocity in order to deliver more positive environmental, economic and social benefits. The diversity of existing operations indicated by the findings and the controversies discussed will guide the critical study of the social potential of sharing economy to avoid treating all sharing alike.

A framework to identify precarity in the social sciences: insights from qualitative research

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-166
Author(s):  
Elena Portacolone
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Studies

This chapter proposes a framework for identifying and recognising precarity based on qualitative research. It begins with a discussion of the context for precarity from the vantage point of the author’s background and broader theoretical influences. Next, challenges associated with recognizing and measuring precarity are presented. The chapter then turns to the methods used to detect precarity in two research studies, with a focus on four markers of precarity: uncertainty; limited access to appropriate services; the importance of maintaining independence, and; cumulative pressures. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the contribution made from the research studies as a means to inform future research.

Drug-Substitution Treatment in Germany: A Critical Overview of Its History, Legislation and Current Practice

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Gerlach
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Substitution Treatment ◽  
Drug Substitution ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Heroin Maintenance ◽  
Critical Overview

Within a global context, Germany was relatively late in its acceptance of substitution treatment, having first introduced methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in the late 1980s. Since the early 1990s, Germany has taken a number of legal steps which favor harm reduction, assistance and treatment, rather than the law enforcement approach that was dominant before. As a result of this new commitment, Germany now also allows the use of non-methadone substitutes, such as buprenorphine, LAAM, dihydrocodeine (DHC) and codeine. A heroin maintenance trial has been scheduled to begin in early 2002. Despite the fact that the overall number of participants in drug-substitution treatment has risen over the past decade from about 1,000 in the early 1990s to more than 55,000 in 2001 and that MMT has been comprehensively evaluated in Germany with favorable outcomes, there remains a lack of availability of and accessibility to substitution treatment, due to rigid entry and treatment criteria imposed by the social health insurers (SHI).

scholarly journals Kingston Adopts the Telephone

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Organizational Characteristics ◽  
Institutional Work ◽  
Telephone Company ◽  
Physical Location ◽  
Work Related ◽  
The Social ◽  
Central Canada ◽  
Social Diffusion

The adoption and use of the telephone in urban central Canada between 1876 and 1914 are explored within the context of the wider communications environment and the marketing strategies of the Bell Telephone Company. This context becomes the framework for a case study of the social diffusion of the telephone in Kingston, Ont, between 1883 and 1911. Utilizing telephone directories and early city directories, the case study concentrates on the socioeconomic and organizational characteristics of early phone subscribers and the physical location of their phones. Both business and residential subscribers are shown throughout the period to have been drawn mainly from the commercial and prof essional classes in Kingston and to have used the phone mainly for institutional, work-related purposes.

A Glimpse over the Rising Walls

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gąsior-Niemiec ◽  
Georg Glasze ◽  
Robert Pütz
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Gated Communities ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
The Social ◽  
Analytical Perspective ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Theory Of Discourse ◽  
Housing Estates

The authors focus on societal perceptions of the Polish post-communist transformation as reflected in the rising discourse of gated communities. Guarded, (video-) controlled and/or walled housing estates have been on the sprawl in the Polish metropolises throughout the 1990s and 2000s. However, only recently they have been discursively constructed—under the banner of “gated communities”—as a social and political issue in the country. The authors look at this issue from a vantage point offered by Laclau and Mouffe's theory of discourse, which allows the authors to combine a spatial and a linguistic analytical perspective. The analysis emphasizes the manner in which societal perceptions of borders surrounding gated communities overlap with perceptions of boundaries being inscribed in the social structure of post-communist Poland, while the resulting socio—spatial configurations are taken to signify political cleavages inherent in the Polish nation.

scholarly journals Sociology of religion and the occult revival

1975 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 202-214
Author(s):  
Lennart Ejerfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Western World ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
New Religions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Counter Culture ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Social Diffusion

The "new" that makes the cults of the occult revival to "new religions" of the Western world, is their recently increased social significance. Historically most of modern occultism is anything but new. From the research and theorizing about the occult revival we have picked up some main themes. The first is the social diffusion of the new occultism. In this field, we find some studies of superstition, especially astrology. These illuminate the differences in social connotation between the consumers of superstition and the followers of institutional religion. Secondly the study of the occult revival has made valuable contributions to the conceptualizing of "cult" and the cultic phenomenon. Thirdly, we will look upon the connection between the occult revival and the counter-culture. The problem of the rise of cults as a symptom of socio-cultural change will be briefly discussed with reference to Bell's thesis of "the disjuntion of culture and social structure". Lastly, we proffer some reflections on the occult revival and the new spiritual trends in the churches, which so sharply contrast with the theology and churchmanship of the sixties.

scholarly journals Making Research Sociological

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationship ◽  
Sociological Imagination ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Master's Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Thesis Writing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Levels

Developing a distinctive disciplinary vantage point is crucial to becoming a professional. Thesis writing at the Master's level allows the professional opportunity of thinking and writing independently. For students of Sociology in particular, it is fundamental to recognize that the social is everywhere. There is nothing that is not socially constituted. Further on, a Sociology student should develop the sociological vantage point in order to see how the social is constituted. This the student can do by engaging and ‘dialoguing' with well-known sociological theorists. The student will then be able to think about how and why societies are historically constituted, how and why societies are diverse, internally differentiated and hierarchized and how and why societies transform themselves. They will learn to unravel the relationship between different levels of a society. In addition, they will also learn the significance of the structure even as they visualize historical human agents change the structure. Keywords: Social; Sociological; Sociological Imagination; Thesis Writing; Social Relationship; Institutions DOI: 10.3126/dsaj.v3i0.2779 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.3 2009 1-18

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