A Review of Herbal Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is a complex autoimmune disorder which characterized by demyelination and axonal loss in the central nervous system (CNS). Several evidences indicate that some new drugs and stem cell therapy have opened a new horizon for multiple sclerosis treatment, but current therapies are partially effective or not safe in the long term. Recently, herbal therapies represent a promising therapeutic approach for multiple sclerosis disease. Here, we consider the potential benefits of some herbal compounds on different aspects of multiple sclerosis disease. The medicinal plants and their derivatives; Ginkgo biloba, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Hypericum perforatum, Valeriana officinalis, Vaccinium macrocarpon, Nigella sativa,Piper methysticum, Crocus sativus, Panax ginseng, Boswellia papyrifera, Vitis vinifera, Gastrodia elata, Camellia sinensis, Oenothera biennis, MS14 and Cannabis sativa have been informed to have several therapeutic effects in MS patients.

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Therapeutic Effects of Nigella Sativa and Cannabis Sativa Seeds On Multiple Sclerosis

10.47829/cos.2021.5401 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 05 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Arefhosseini SR ◽

Alijani S ◽

Simal-Gandara J ◽

Jazar H ◽

Firozi SR

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Nigella Sativa ◽

Therapeutic Effects

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Persian herbal medicine in functional dyspepsia: a systematic review article.

Current Drug Discovery Technologies ◽

10.2174/1570163817666200611132831 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Maryam Azimi ◽

Mohammad Javad Zahedi

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Herbal Medicine ◽

Functional Dyspepsia ◽

Nigella Sativa ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Crocus Sativus ◽

Herbal Remedies ◽

Asparagus Racemosus ◽

Gastric Accommodation ◽

Cynara Scolymus

Introduction: According to Rome IV, functional dyspepsia is diagnosed with presence of dyspepsia in the absence of organic or metabolic causes. FD caused by several factors such as impaired gastric accommodation and hypersensitivity to gastric distention. Several studies have reported effectiveness of herbal medicine on FD. This article, thus, reviews Persian herbal medicine in FD. Method: Electronic databases including Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrain, Embase, Web of science and Ovid were searched so as to find clinical articles related to dyspepsia and herbal medicine by July 2019. Our search strategies were traditional medicine, complementary and alternative medicine, herb, plant, and dyspepsia. We excluded all articles except Persian clinical trials. Results: We found 34 clinical trials with 15 herbs and 4 compound herbal remedies like Asparagus racemosus, Brassica oleracea, Cynara scolymus, Ocimum basilicum, Mentha longifolia, Mentha pulegium, Mentha piperata, Pimpinella anisum, Nigella sativa, Mastic gum, Curcuma longa, Pistatio atlantica, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Solanum tuberosum and Zingiber officinale and compound remedies of Rosa damascene & Crocus sativus, Trachyspermum copticom & Apium graveolence, Carum carvi & Mentha pipperata, Gingiber officinalis & Cynara scolymus are effective in functional dyspepsia. Conclusion: Many people use herbal and traditional remedies for treatment of disorders such as gastrointestinal disordersو , especially in Asian countries. Several studies reported the efficacy of herbal medicine in functional dyspepsia. Although their mechanisms are not fully understood, it seems they can modulate GI motility and improve symptoms of FD.

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Use of low-cost chemotherapeutic and medicinal plants against Thai silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus)

Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University ◽

10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14932 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 385-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MBR Chowdhury ◽

T Rahman

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Field Condition ◽

Nigella Sativa ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Low Cost ◽

Fungal Disease ◽

Bacterial Disease ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Black Cumin ◽

Highly Efficient

Studies were conducted to select and apply the effective low-cost chemotherapeutic and medicinal plants against diseased fish under laboratory and field condition. Thai silver barbs (Barbonymus gonionotus) weighing 20-25 gm were experimentally infected with a virulent bacterial pathogen (Aeromonas hydrophila) and a fungal pathogen (Aphanomyces invadans). Based on the previous studies, four chemotherapeutics, viz., salt + lime, alum, doxycycline and oxytetracycline were selected and applied to observe the therapeutic effects under laboratory and field condition. In the case of medicinal plants, leaves/ bulb / seeds/ rhizome of neem (Azadirachta indica), akand (Calotropis gigantea), garlic (Allium sativum), turmeric (Curcuma longa), shoti (Curcuma zedoaria), Indian sorrel (Oxalis corniculata), guava (Psidum guajava) and kalijira (Nigella sativa) were screened out and applied to the infected fish in laboratory and field condition to determine their efficacies. The antibiotics, both oxytetracycline and doxycycline were found to be very efficient followed by salt + lime and alum. For fungal infection, alum was excellent followed by salt + lime both under laboratory and field condition. Even in the pond trial, alum and salt + lime successfully checked the occurrence of epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) and similar diseases. In the case of medicinal plants, neem and akand together reduced the occurrence bacterial and fungal disease. Garlic was very efficient to check bacterial infection but weak against fungal disease. Turmeric and arrowroot were found to be highly effective against fungal disease but moderately effective against bacterial disease. Field trial revealed that Indian sorrel and guava were highly efficient against bacterial disease but poorly efficient against fungal disease. On the other hand, arrowroot and black cumin were highly efficient against fungal disease but moderately efficient against bacterial disease. The results would be useful to the all concerned for proper health management of cultured fishes.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14932 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(2): 385-390, 2012

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Cannabis: A Toxin-Producing Plant with Potential Therapeutic Uses

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins13020117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 117

Author(s):

Zeinab Breijyeh ◽

Buthaina Jubeh ◽

Sabino A. Bufo ◽

Rafik Karaman ◽

Laura Scrano

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Cannabinoid Receptors ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Medical Cannabis ◽

Conjunctival Hyperemia ◽

Main Compound ◽

Therapeutic Uses ◽

Recreational Use

For thousands of years, Cannabis sativa has been utilized as a medicine and for recreational and spiritual purposes. Phytocannabinoids are a family of compounds that are found in the cannabis plant, which is known for its psychotogenic and euphoric effects; the main psychotropic constituent of cannabis is Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC). The pharmacological effects of cannabinoids are a result of interactions between those compounds and cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, located in many parts of the human body. Cannabis is used as a therapeutic agent for treating pain and emesis. Some cannabinoids are clinically applied for treating chronic pain, particularly cancer and multiple sclerosis-associated pain, for appetite stimulation and anti-emesis in HIV/AIDS and cancer patients, and for spasticity treatment in multiple sclerosis and epilepsy patients. Medical cannabis varies from recreational cannabis in the chemical content of THC and cannabidiol (CBD), modes of administration, and safety. Despite the therapeutic effects of cannabis, exposure to high concentrations of THC, the main compound that is responsible for most of the intoxicating effects experienced by users, could lead to psychological events and adverse effects that affect almost all body systems, such as neurological (dizziness, drowsiness, seizures, coma, and others), ophthalmological (mydriasis and conjunctival hyperemia), cardiovascular (tachycardia and arterial hypertension), and gastrointestinal (nausea, vomiting, and thirst), mainly associated with recreational use. Cannabis toxicity in children is more concerning and can cause serious adverse effects such as acute neurological symptoms (stupor), lethargy, seizures, and even coma. More countries are legalizing the commercial production and sale of cannabis for medicinal use, and some for recreational use as well. Liberalization of cannabis laws has led to increased incidence of toxicity, hyperemesis syndrome, lung disease cardiovascular disease, reduced fertility, tolerance, and dependence with chronic prolonged use. This review focuses on the potential therapeutic effects of cannabis and cannabinoids, as well as the acute and chronic toxic effects of cannabis use on various body systems.

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Assessment of biochemical determinants in Multiple Sclerosis patients following the oral administration of β-D-Mannuronic acid [M2000]

Current Drug Discovery Technologies ◽

10.2174/1570163817999200918104333 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Mohamad Reza Nikouei Moghaddam ◽

Monireh Movahedi ◽

Maryam Bananej ◽

Soheil Najafi ◽

Nahid Beladi Moghadam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Vitamin D3 ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Control Group ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Mannuronic Acid ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Background: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that can lead to some serious disabilities. Despite using various immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory drugs that have therapeutic effects, they cannot reduce its progression completely, and have some unwanted side effects too. The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of the β-D-Mannuronic acid [M2000] have been proven in several surveys, and the present research was designed to determine its toxicity and therapeutic effects in MS patients. Methods: This study was performed on 15 MS patients who took 25 mg/kg/day the oral form of the β-D-Mannuronic acid for six months, and 15 healthy people as a control group. Serum levels of Urea, Creatinine, GGT, Vitamin D3, Uric acid, and Anti-Phospholipids were compared to evaluate the therapeutic and possible toxic effects of this drug after this period. Results: Non- toxic effects through the study of Urea, Creatinine, GGT, and non-significant changes in Uric acid and AntiPhospholipids levels, besides a significant rise in Vitamin, D3 levels in the M2000 treated cases were found. Conclusions: Our results suggested that β-D-Mannuronic acid is a safe drug and has no toxicity when administered orally and also has some therapeutic effects in MS patients.

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Immunomodulation in Multiple Sclerosis by Phytotherapy

Current Immunology Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573395516999200930122850 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 28-36

Author(s):

Maryam Bahrami ◽

Ghasem Mosayebi ◽

Ali Ghazavi ◽

Ali Ganji

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Nigella Sativa ◽

Boswellia Serrata ◽

Immunomodulatory Agents ◽

Therapeutic Benefits ◽

Demyelinating Disorder ◽

Sensory Impairments ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Pomegranate Peel Extract ◽

Peel Extract

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that can cause cognition, mobility, and sensory impairments. Studies have shown that the immune system through inflammation and autoreactive T cells are involved in the progression of MS. The present article aimed to review the potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory agents that could modulate the immune response in MS. In herbal medicine, various medicinal plants including Olive, Silybum marianum, Grape, Pomegranate peel extract, Nigella sativa, Turmeric, Green tea, Aloysia citrodora, Boswellia papyrifera, Boswellia serrata, Ruta graveolens, and Andrographis paniculata are known with therapeutic benefits in MS patients through immunoregulation and reduction of major symptoms.

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Possible therapeutic effects of Crocus sativus stigma and its petal flavonoid, kaempferol, on respiratory disorders

Pharmaceutical Biology ◽

10.1080/13880209.2020.1844762 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 1140-1149

Author(s):

Majid Kianmehr ◽

Mohammad Reza Khazdair

Keyword(s):

Crocus Sativus ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Respiratory Disorders

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microRNA-186 in extracellular vesicles from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells alleviates idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis via interaction with SOX4 and DKK1

Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.1186/s13287-020-02083-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jing Zhou ◽

Yang Lin ◽

Xiuhua Kang ◽

Zhicheng Liu ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Extracellular Vesicles ◽

Luciferase Assay ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Loss Of Function ◽

Fibroblast Activation ◽

Promising Therapeutic Approach

Abstract Background Previous reports have identified that human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EVs) with their cargo microRNAs (miRNAs) are a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Therefore, we explored whether delivery of microRNA-186 (miR-186), a downregulated miRNA in IPF, by BMSC EVs could interfere with the progression of IPF in a murine model. Methods In a co-culture system, we assessed whether BMSC-EVs modulated the activation of fibroblasts. We established a mouse model of PF to evaluate the in vivo therapeutic effects of BMSC-EVs and determined miR-186 expression in BMSC-EVs by polymerase chain reaction. Using a loss-of-function approach, we examined how miR-186 delivered by BMSC-EVs affected fibroblasts. The putative relationship between miR-186 and SRY-related HMG box transcription factor 4 (SOX4) was tested using luciferase assay. Next, we investigated whether EV-miR-186 affected fibroblast activation and PF by targeting SOX4 and its downstream gene, Dickkopf-1 (DKK1). Results BMSC-EVs suppressed lung fibroblast activation and delayed IPF progression in mice. miR-186 was downregulated in IPF but enriched in the BMSC-EVs. miR-186 delivered by BMSC-EVs could suppress fibroblast activation. Furthermore, miR-186 reduced the expression of SOX4, a target gene of miR-186, and hence suppressed the expression of DKK1. Finally, EV-delivered miR-186 impaired fibroblast activation and alleviated PF via downregulation of SOX4 and DKK1. Conclusion In conclusion, miR-186 delivered by BMSC-EVs suppressed SOX4 and DKK1 expression, thereby blocking fibroblast activation and ameliorating IPF, thus presenting a novel therapeutic target for IPF.

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