Spatial Mental Representation: Implications for Navigation System Design

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly A. Taylor ◽  
Tad T. Brunyé ◽  
Scott T. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Mental Representation ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
The Body ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Design Consideration ◽  
Information Preferences ◽  
Domain Specific

Similarities exist in how people process and represent spatial information and in the factors that contribute to disorientation, whether one is moving through airspace, on the ground, or surgically within the body. As such, design principles for presenting spatial information should bear similarities across these domains but also be somewhat specific to each. In this chapter, we review research in spatial cognition and its application to navigation system design for within-vehicle, aviation, and endoscopic navigation systems. Taken together, the research suggests three general principles for navigation system design consideration. First, multimedia displays should present spatial information visually and action and description information verbally. Second, display organizations should meet users' dynamic navigational goals. Third, navigation systems should be adaptable to users' spatial information preferences. Designers of adaptive navigation display technologies can maximize the effectiveness of those technologies by appealing to the basic spatial cognition processes employed by all users while conforming to user's domain-specific requirements.

Precision navigation system design for Moon penetrator

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 791-798
Author(s):  
Xiaogang Wang ◽  
Wutao Qin ◽  
Yuliang Bai ◽  
Naigang Cui
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Kalman Filtering ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Vision Sensor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sigma Point

Purpose Penetrator plays an important role in the exploration of Moon and Mars. The navigation method is a key technology during the development of penetrator. To meet the high accuracy requirements of Moon penetrator, this paper aims to propose two kinds of navigation systems. Design/methodology/approach The line of sight of vision sensor between the penetrator and Moon orbiter could be utilized as the measurement during the navigation system design. However, the analysis of observability shows that the navigation system cannot estimate the position and velocity of penetrator, when the line of sight measurement is the only resource of information. Therefore, the Doppler measurement due to the relative motion between penetrator and the orbiter is used as the supplement. The other option is the relative range measurement between penetrator and the orbiter. The sigma-point Kalman Filtering is implemented to fuse the information from the vision sensor and Doppler or rangefinder. The observability of two navigation system is analyzed. Findings The sigma-point Kalman filtering could be used based on vision sensor and Doppler radar or laser rangefinder to give an accurate estimation of Moon penetrator position and velocity without increasing the payload of Moon penetrator or decreasing the estimation accuracy. However, the simulation result shows that the last method is better. The observability analysis also proves this conclusion. Practical implications Two navigation systems are proposed, and the simulations show that both systems can provide accurate estimation of states of penetrator. Originality/value Two navigation methods are proposed, and the observability of these navigation systems is analyzed. The sigma-point Kalman filtering is first introduced to the vision-based navigation system for Moon penetrator to provide precision navigation during the descent phase of Moon penetrator.

scholarly journals Incorporating Landmarks in Driver Navigation System Design: An Overview of Results from the REGIONAL Project

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. May ◽  
Tracy Ross ◽  
Steven H. Bayer
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Vehicle Navigation ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Regional Project ◽  
Integral Feature

This paper presents an overview of results from the two year REGIONAL project. The aims of REGIONAL were to undertake research to enable landmarks to be an integral feature of future vehicle navigation systems. Results from the project, including five empirical road-based trials, are summarised. The main findings were: landmarks were widely used by drivers as key navigation cues; the incorporation of good landmarks within navigation instructions has the potential to considerably enhance vehicle navigation systems; although a wide range of landmarks are potentially useful to a driver, only a limited set, which displayed key characteristics, were consistently effective as navigation cues.

Utilisation of Robotic Navigation Systems in the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Richard Schilling ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Catheter Ablation ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Antiarrhythmic Drugs ◽  
Rhythm Control ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Robotic Navigation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Catheter Navigation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is linked to an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. While rhythm control with antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) is a common strategy for managing patients with AF, catheter ablation may be a more efficacious and safer alternative to AADs for sinus rhythm control. Conventional catheter ablation has been associated with challenges during the arrhythmia mapping and ablation stages; however, the introduction of two remote catheter navigation systems (a robotic and a magnetic navigation system) may potentially overcome these challenges. Initial clinical experience with the robotic navigation system suggests that it offers similar procedural times, efficacy and safety to conventional manual ablation. Furthermore, it has been associated with reduced fluoroscopy exposure to the patient and the operator as well as a shorter fluoroscopy time compared with conventional catheter ablation. In the future, the remote navigation systems may become routinely used for complex catheter ablation procedures.

scholarly journals Learning-Based Autonomous UAV System for Electrical and Mechanical (E&M) Device Inspection

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1385
Author(s):  
Yurong Feng ◽  
Kwaiwa Tse ◽  
Shengyang Chen ◽  
Chih-Yung Wen ◽  
Boyang Li
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
State Estimation ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Free Flight ◽  
Object State ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Inspection Tasks ◽  
Autonomous Inspection

The inspection of electrical and mechanical (E&M) devices using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has become an increasingly popular choice in the last decade due to their flexibility and mobility. UAVs have the potential to reduce human involvement in visual inspection tasks, which could increase efficiency and reduce risks. This paper presents a UAV system for autonomously performing E&M device inspection. The proposed system relies on learning-based detection for perception, multi-sensor fusion for localization, and path planning for fully autonomous inspection. The perception method utilizes semantic and spatial information generated by a 2-D object detector. The information is then fused with depth measurements for object state estimation. No prior knowledge about the location and category of the target device is needed. The system design is validated by flight experiments using a quadrotor platform. The result shows that the proposed UAV system enables the inspection mission autonomously and ensures a stable and collision-free flight.

scholarly journals Virtual Archaeology of Death and Burial: A Procedure for Integrating 3D Visualization and Analysis in Archaeothanatology

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 540-555
Author(s):  
Hayley L. Mickleburgh ◽  
Liv Nilsson Stutz ◽  
Harry Fokkens
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Archaeology Of Death ◽  
Human Burials ◽  
3D Information

Abstract The reconstruction of past mortuary rituals and practices increasingly incorporates analysis of the taphonomic history of the grave and buried body, using the framework provided by archaeothanatology. Archaeothanatological analysis relies on interpretation of the three-dimensional (3D) relationship of bones within the grave and traditionally depends on elaborate written descriptions and two-dimensional (2D) images of the remains during excavation to capture this spatial information. With the rapid development of inexpensive 3D tools, digital replicas (3D models) are now commonly available to preserve 3D information on human burials during excavation. A procedure developed using a test case to enhance archaeothanatological analysis and improve post-excavation analysis of human burials is described. Beyond preservation of static spatial information, 3D visualization techniques can be used in archaeothanatology to reconstruct the spatial displacement of bones over time, from deposition of the body to excavation of the skeletonized remains. The purpose of the procedure is to produce 3D simulations to visualize and test archaeothanatological hypotheses, thereby augmenting traditional archaeothanatological analysis. We illustrate our approach with the reconstruction of mortuary practices and burial taphonomy of a Bell Beaker burial from the site of Oostwoud-Tuithoorn, West-Frisia, the Netherlands. This case study was selected as the test case because of its relatively complete context information. The test case shows the potential for application of the procedure to older 2D field documentation, even when the amount and detail of documentation is less than ideal.

scholarly journals MS-2 Minimally invasive glioma surgery with navigation system and tubular retractor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. ii2-ii3
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Kurozumi
Keyword(s):  
Navigation System ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Glioma Surgery ◽  
Tubular Retractor ◽  
Neuronavigation System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Neurological Surgery

Abstract Navigation systems are reliable and safe for neurological surgery. Navigation is an attractive and innovative therapeutic option. Recently, endo and exoscopic surgeries have been gradually increasing in neurosurgery. We are currently trialing to use 4K and 8K systems to improve the accuracy and safety of our surgical procedures. Surgeries for deep-seated tumors are challenging because of the difficulty in creating a corridor and observing the interface between lesions and the normal area. In total, 315 patients underwent surgery at Okayama University between 2017 and 2019. Among them, we experienced 92 glioma surgeries using navigation systems. Preoperatively, we performed computed tomography imaging and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the neuronavigation system. We experienced Curve(TM) Image Guided Surgery (BrainLab, Munich, Germany). The surgical trajectory was planned with functional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging to protect the eloquent area and critical vasculature of the brain. We used a clear plastic tubular retractor system, the ViewSite Brain Access System, for surgery of deep seated gliomas. We gently inserted and placed the ViewSite using the neuronavigation. The tumor was observed and resected through the ViewSite tubular retractor under a microscope and endoscope. If the tumor was large, we switched the ViewSite tubular retractor to brain spatulas to identify the boundary between the normal brain and lesion. We are currently using the combination of the tubular retractor and brain spatulas using navigation system. Here, we present and analyze our preoperative simulation, surgical procedure, and outcomes.

An Improved and Efficient Algorithm for SINS/GPS/Doppler Integrated Navigation Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ushaq ◽  
Jian Cheng Fang
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Inertial Navigation ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Integrated Navigation ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Position Errors

Inertial navigation systems exhibit position errors that tend to grow with time in an unbounded mode. This degradation is due, in part, to errors in the initialization of the inertial measurement unit and inertial sensor imperfections such as accelerometer biases and gyroscope drifts. Mitigation to this growth and bounding the errors is to update the inertial navigation system periodically with external position (and/or velocity, attitude) fixes. The synergistic effect is obtained through external measurements updating the inertial navigation system using Kalman filter algorithm. It is a natural requirement that the inertial data and data from the external aids be combined in an optimal and efficient manner. In this paper an efficient method for integration of Strapdown Inertia Navigation System (SINS), Global Positioning System (GPS) and Doppler radar is presented using a centralized linear Kalman filter by treating vector measurements with uncorrelated errors as scalars. Two main advantages have been obtained with this improved scheme. First is the reduced computation time as the number of arithmetic computation required for processing a vector as successive scalar measurements is significantly less than the corresponding number of operations for vector measurement processing. Second advantage is the improved numerical accuracy as avoiding matrix inversion in the implementation of covariance equations improves the robustness of the covariance computations against round off errors.

scholarly journals The Body Position Spatial Task, a Test of Whole-Body Spatial Cognition: Comparison Between Adults With and Without Parkinson Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 961-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Battisto ◽  
Katharina V. Echt ◽  
Steven L. Wolf ◽  
Paul Weiss ◽  
Madeleine E. Hackney
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Spatial Task ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body
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