scholarly journals Frequency and Distribution of Rifampicin Resistance in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Clinical Isolates Using Gene Xpert MTB/RIF in Delta State, South-South Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e11
Author(s):  
Victor Omote ◽  
◽  
Henry Awele Ukwamedua ◽  
Henry Uzor Oshilonya ◽  
Nathaniel Bini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Rpob Gene ◽  
Rifampicin Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Xpert Assay

The emergence and spread of multi-drug resistant-tuberculosis is a threat, which has complicated the diagnosis, management and control of tuberculosis. In addition to the simultaneous detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli and rifampicin resistance, the Gene Xpert assay can also highlight the point of mutation if it occurs around the rifampicin resistance determination region (RRDR) of the rpoB gene, which is responsible for 95% of rifampicin resistance. This study seeks to estimate the prevalence of rifampicin resistance, determine the frequency and distribution of mutations along the rifampicin resistance determination region, and assay for the relationship that exists between these mutations and basic epidemiological variables.

scholarly journals Trends in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and prevalence of Rifampicin Resistance in Eastern zone, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getachew Abay Kahsu ◽  
Bahlibi Hailay
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rifampicin Resistance ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Eastern Zone

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria. The emergence of Mono or multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), poses a considerable challenge to Mycobacterium tuberculosis control programs in the worldwide; however, there has been no reliable and organized data on trends and prevalence drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in study area; Therefore, aim of this study to determine the trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and prevalence of Rifampicin resistance in eastern zone, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Methods Hospital based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Adigrat General Hospital from June 01 to August 30, 2019.Data was collected retrospectively from the registration books using data extraction format commence January 01, 2015, December 30, 2018. Data was entered into Epi-Info 3.1 and exported and analyzed using SPSS Version 20. The results were summarized using descriptive statistics, tables, and figures. P values < 0.05 would be considered statistically significant. Result A total of 5,944 Mycobacterium tuberculosis presumptive patients were included in the study. The majority of the study participants were male (58.1%). The median age of the participants was 40.0 (IQR 57, 26) years, the majority age-group was 30-44 years. The overall prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was 1446 (24.3%). Of the total confirmed cases, 132 (9.1%) were resistant to rifampicin. From total Rifampicin resistant 129 (97.7%) new cases and the rest were previously treated tuberculosis patients. Age, reason for diagnosis, site of presumptive tuberculosis, being HIV infected was found a significant association with our dependent variable; however, only Age and being HIV infected associated with rifampicin resistance. Conclusion In our study, the overall trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and prevalence of rifampicin resistance were found high and increased; therefore, maximizing early detection of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and strengthening TB infection control activities and proper implementation of directly observed treatment are recommended reducing the burden of this contagious disease.

Transmission of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Mongolia is driven by Beijing strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to all first-line drugs

Tuberculosis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulziijargal Gurjav ◽  
Baasansuren Erkhembayar ◽  
Buyankhishig Burneebaatar ◽  
Erdenegerel Narmandakh ◽  
Oyuntuya Tumenbayar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
First Line ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis

scholarly journals A Retrospective Review of Rifampicin-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis between 2015 and 2017 in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
R. M. Nwalozie ◽  
O. E. Agbagwa ◽  
G. Mac-Fiberesima
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Rifampicin Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Improve Treatment ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a significant challenge for the control of TB in Nigeria. Aim: The study was carried out to assess the prevalence of rifampicin-resistant TB at the point of initial diagnosis among subjects suspected of TB. Methods: A retrospective review of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and rifampicin resistance detected by GeneXpert™ analysis between 2015 and 2017 in Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital was carried out. Results: A total of 6733 samples were received and analyzed in the period under review, 1252 (19%) were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 5841 (81%) were negative. The prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was 24.56%, 20.11% and 16.86% from 2015 to 2017 respectively. There was a significant decline in the prevalence of MTB from 2015 to 2017 (c2 = 33.59, p = 0.0001). Rifampicin (RIF) resistance was 5.42%, 5.86% and 6.22% respectively from 2015 to 2017; but the trend was not statistically significant (c2 = 0.21; p = 0.6418). Conclusion: The study showed that despite a decrease in the prevalence of tuberculosis infection there was an increase in rifampicin resistance from 5.42% to 6.22% between 2015 and 2017. There is an urgent need to improve the management of TB in the Port Harcourt metropolis to improve treatment outcomes and to prevent the proliferation of drug resistant strains.

scholarly journals Predominance of multi-drug-resistant LAM and Beijing family strains among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates recovered from prison inmates in Tula Region, Russia

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1413-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ignatova ◽  
Svetlana Dubiley ◽  
Valentina Stepanshina ◽  
Igor Shemyakin
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Genotypic Characteristics

The genotypic characteristics and drug susceptibility profiles of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis recovered from prison hospital patients in the Tula region (central Russia) during 2001 and 2002 are reported. The emergence of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) poses a major health risk to the population, with economic implications for TB control. Prisons serve as a continuous source of TB transmission. The results showed that members of the LAM and Beijing families are major contributors to the epidemiological picture of TB in the population studied. The two families of strains accounted for most of the drug-resistant TB in the population. The genotypic characteristics of the M. tuberculosis predominant LAM strain that was responsible for 31 % of TB cases in this setting are presented.

scholarly journals A study on multi drug resistant tuberculosis at Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 3234
Author(s):  
Prashant V. Solanke ◽  
Preeti Pawde ◽  
Ajin R. M.
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Sputum Culture ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Resistance to antitubercular drugs has been noted since the drugs were first introduced, and occasionally outbreaks of drug-resistant tuberculosis have been reported worldwide. WHO emphasizes that good TB control prevents the emergence of drug resistance in the first place and that the proper treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis prevents the emergence of XDR-TB. The objectives of the study were to examine the sputum samples regarding MDR-TB, to study the grading regarding sputum positive and to study the multi-drug resistance tuberculosis in Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical sciences.Methods: Study design was cross-sectional, Study duration was January 2016-March 2017. Study place was Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, Kulasekharam. Sample size was 400. Data entered in MS-Office Word- 2016. Institutional ethical committee clearance was obtained. Results: In present study 54.86% patient had sputum AFB positive, 45.13% had sputum AFB negative smears. 75% of the sputum AFB positive pulmonary TB came under the age group between 20-60 and 25% above 60 yrs. 78.24% males, 21.75% females had sputum AFB smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis and 43.73% patients had positive sputum culture, 56.26% patients had negative sputum culture and the most common strain found was Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Conclusions: So from our study we found that Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the major strain isolated from sputum samples. The resistance is more to Isoniazid and Rifampicin and is more in the rural parts of India. Early screening and drug susceptibility test of culture positive and MTB cases will help in initiating treatment of MDR-TB. 

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