Comparison of soil physical properties and soil-vegetation indices to predict rice productivity in Malang Regency of East Java

Rice has become the leading food commodity in Indonesia, with total production reached +54.60 million tons in 2019. However, the production tended to decrease by around 8% from 2018 to 2019, while the rice consumption increased by +1.53 tons. This study aims to develop a rice production estimation model using the soil-vegetation index transformation (MSAVI and SAVI) and soil physical properties, which has the advantage of being faster, cheaper, and more accurate than conventional methods. The soil physical properties were taken based on soil mapping units and analyzed with soil physical parameters. The results showed strong relationships between rice productivity - soil physical characteristics and rice productivity – MSAVI and EVI with r values of 0.97, 0.83, and 0.74, respectively. The soil physical properties have a better coefficient of determination and accuracy than soil-vegetation index. The prediction model of rice production by soil physical properties is formulated inward γ = -8.96+0.01 (Top Soil Sand) + 0.01 (Top Soil Silt) + 6.28 (Bulk Density) - 14.07 (Penetration) - 0.13 (Sub Soil Permeability). There is no difference in the productivity value between model and laboratory analysis result. These results indicate that the rice yield prediction model can be used for estimation purposes.

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Soil physical properties and crop status under cattle manure and Z’Fix in Haplic Chernozem

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/159/2021-pse ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Václav Novák ◽

Petr Šařec ◽

Kateřina Křížová ◽

Petr Novák ◽

Oldřich Látal

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Soil Physical Properties ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Remotely Sensed Data ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Normalised Difference Vegetation Index ◽

Animal Bedding

A three-year experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of Z’Fix on soil physical properties and crop status. Z’Fix is an agent recommended as an addition to animal bedding to prolong its function and to lower ammonia emissions in stables. Concurrently, a positive effect on organic matter transformation in resulting manure is claimed. The experiment involved control, farmyard manure (FYM), and farmyard manure with Z’Fix (FYM_ZF) as variants. In-field sampling was conducted for cone index, water infiltration and implement a unit draft, where the latter two showed significant differences in favour of FYM_ZF. Also, concerning crop yields, FYM_ZF consistently attained the highest values, followed by FYM throughout all three seasons. Furthermore, remotely sensed data were analysed to describe crop status via normalised difference vegetation index where significant differences were found across all variants. Based on the study, FYM_ZF demonstrated positive effects both on soil properties and crop conditions.

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Analysis of rice farming using new superior varieties in swamp lands in Mesuji District, Lampung

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/892/1/012034 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 892 (1) ◽

pp. 012034

Author(s):

Slameto ◽

Zahara ◽

J Hendra

Keyword(s):

Production Cost ◽

Rice Production ◽

Technological Innovations ◽

Total Production ◽

Rice Farming ◽

Improved Varieties ◽

Rice Productivity ◽

The Future ◽

The Cost ◽

Production Facilities

Abstract This study aims to analyze rice farming using several superior varieties of rice in the swamps of Mesuji District, Lampung Province. The study was conducted on PT-1/MH December 2020/January 2021 in Tanjung Mas Jaya Village, Mesuji Timur District, Mesuji District, Lampung Province. The superior varieties of rice grown by Cilamaya Muncul, Inpara-2, Inpara-8, Inpari IR Nutrizinc, Mapan, Supadi and Kebo. Each variety is planted by one farmer with an area of about 1 ha. The analysis was carried out descriptively comparing the revenues and costs used. The results of the study show that rice production ranges from 7,573-10,400 t/ha, with an average rice productivity of 9,243 t/ha. Contribution to the cost of using production facilities occupies 28.77% - 45.52% of the total production cost, while the cost of using labor is 54.48% -71.23% of the total production cost. Rice farming in the swamps of Mesuji area with the use of six superior varieties of rice is still profitable with R/C ratio ranging from 3.48 to 4.63. In the future, for efficient farming, the implementation of technological innovations, especially the choice of suitable (adaptive) improved varieties of rice, is very important to consider.

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MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES CHANGE OF COCONUT SAP IN THE VACUUM EVAPORATOR

Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) ◽

10.23960/jtep-l.v10i2.252-262 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 252

Author(s):

Febryan Kusuma Wisnu ◽

Sri Rahayoe ◽

Rizza Wijaya ◽

Mareli Telaumbanua ◽

Agus Haryanto

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Prediction Model ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Crystallization Process ◽

Rate Of Change ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Sugar Production ◽

Brown Sugar ◽

Density Prediction ◽

Cooking Process

The potential of brown sugar as a substitute for granulated sugar is enormous considering the abundant coconut sap production. However, the quantity of brown sugar production through the traditional method is one of the main obstacles. This study used a vacuum evaporator that emphasizes the hygienic and effective mass production of brown sugar. For this reason, it is necessary to approach changes in the physical properties of sap juice during the cooking process. This knowledge is indispensable in the cooking process, which involves the proper evaporation and crystallization of brown sugar. This research is devoted to determining the viscosity, density, and dissolved solids expressed in Brix and proposes a mathematical model to predict the physical properties during the evaporation process of brown sugar as a function of the initial concentration the solution before proceeding to the crystallization process. Results confirm that the prediction model for Brix is Cθ=(Co–Ce)·exp(0.0067·t)+Ce, the model for viscosity µθ=µo·exp(0.011·t), and ρө=(0.44996·t)+ρ0 for the density prediction model. The resulted mathematical model can accurately predict the rate of change in coconut sap's physical properties, indicated by the high coefficient of determination (R2). Keywords : brix, brown sugar, density, vacuum evaporator, viscosity

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Effects of Tillage Systems and Cropping Patterns on Soil Physical Properties in Mozambique

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture10100448 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 448

Author(s):

Oscar Chichongue ◽

Johan van Tol ◽

Gert Ceronio ◽

Chris Du Preez

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Soil Physical Properties ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Cropping Pattern ◽

Short Term ◽

Tillage Systems ◽

Cropping Patterns ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Four Levels

Conservation agriculture (CA) practices are advocated to reduce soil degradation, resulting in more sustainable food production as compared to conventional tillage (CT). In this study, the short-term effects of two tillage systems in combination with cropping patterns on selected soil physical parameters on four experimental sites in Mozambique were studied. The study sites differ according to their climatic conditions, soil types, and crop adaptation. Tillage systems evaluated were CA and CT, while the cropping pattern had four levels of sole cropping and three levels of intercropping. In general, soil physical properties showed significant changes due to the tillage systems, but the cropping pattern and their interaction with tillage systems did not yield significant impacts on the soil physical properties. CA increased bulk density, penetration resistance, and saturated hydraulic conductivity as compared to CT. A significant difference due to the tillage system was observed across the four sites, and in general, evaporation was higher in CT compared to CA. The presence of crop residues in CA contributed to lower evaporation. Thus, in the short term, CA practices could be a sustainable option to conserve soil water through higher infiltration and less evaporation.

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Utilization of crops residues as compost and biochar for improving soil physical properties and upland rice productivity

Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management ◽

10.15243/10.15243/jdmlm.2016.034.631 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 631-637

Author(s):

J Barus

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Soil Physical Properties ◽

Rice Productivity

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The impact of landscape evolution on soil physics: Evolution of soil physical and hydraulic properties along two chronosequences of proglacial moraines

10.5194/essd-2020-110 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anne Hartmann ◽

Markus Weiler ◽

Theresa Blume

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Hydraulic Properties ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Soil Physical Properties ◽

Matter Content ◽

Soil Chronosequence ◽

Top Soil

Abstract. Soil physical properties highly influence soil hydraulic properties which define the soil hydraulic behavior. Thus, changes within these properties affect water flow paths and the soil water and matter balance. Most often these soil physical properties are assumed to be constant in time and little is known about their natural evolution. Therefore, we studied the evolution of physical and hydraulic soil properties along two soil chronosequences in proglacial forefields in the Central Alps, Switzerland. One soil chronosequence developed on silicate and the other on calcareous parent material. Each soil chronosequence consisted of 4 moraines with the ages of 30, 160, 3000, and 10 000 years at the silicate forefield and 110, 160, 4900, and 13 500 years at the calcareous forefield. We investigated bulk density, porosity, the content of clay, silt, sand, and gravel as well as loss on ignition and hydraulic properties in form of retention curves and hydraulic conductivity curves. Samples were taken in three depths (10, 30, 50 cm) at six sampling sites at each moraine. Soil physical and hydraulic properties change considerably over the chronosequence. Particle size distribution shows a pronounced reduction in sand content and an increase in silt and clay content over time at both sites. Bulk density decreases and porosity increases during the first 10 millenia of soil development. The trend is equally present at both parent materials, but the reduction in sand and increase in silt content was more pronounced at the calcareous site. The organic matter content increases, which is especially pronounced in the top soil at the silicate site. With the change in physical soil properties and organic matter content the hydraulic soil properties change from fast draining coarse textured soils to slow draining soils with high water holding capacity, which is also more pronounced in the top soil at the silicate site. The dataset presented in this paper is available at the online repository of the German Research Center for Geosciences (GFZ, Hartmann et al. (2020b)). The dataset can be accessed via the link: http://pmd.gfz-potsdam.de/panmetaworks/review/f46bd4d822a0766a9c0baf356bc7e55644d65d62d7ab71527f5d80c35eed11e5 and will be published with the DOI specified under the link.

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Utilization of crops residues as compost and biochar for improving soil physical properties and upland rice productivity

Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management ◽

10.15243/jdmlm.2016.034.631 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 631-637 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J Barus

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Soil Physical Properties ◽

Rice Productivity

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Effect of cutting regime on soil physical properties of wet thistle meadows

Soil and Water Research ◽

10.17221/43/2008-swr ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 104-115

Author(s):

R. Duffková ◽

T. Kvítek

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Particle Density ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Soil Physical Properties ◽

Water Retention Capacity ◽

Capillary Porosity ◽

Positive Dependence ◽

Retention Capacity ◽

Water Capacity ◽

Top Soil

Changes of selected soil physical properties (porosity P, soil organic matter SOM, bulk density ρd, particle density ρz, characteristics of water retention capacity – maximum capillary water capacity θCMC, and non-capillary porosity Pn) of permanent grassland (wet, non-fertilized, thistle meadows ass. Angelico-Cirsietum palustris, crystalline complex area, Czech Republic) in the top soil layer (3–10 cm) managed under three regimes (uncut UC; cut once a year C1; cut twice a year C2) were monitored for one undrained and two drained sites. There were no significant differences in selected soil physical properties among the test plots at the beginning of the study. As the intensity of utilisation decreased, the values of P, SOM, and Pn increased and ρd, ρz and θCMC decreased. Within 5–10 years of the beginning of the study, average values were: P at UC = 70, C1 = 69, C2 = 67%; SOM at UC = 10.7, C1 = 10.6, C2 = 10.0%; ρd at UC = 0.76, C1 = 0.79, C2 = 0.84 g/cm3; ρx at UC = 2.53, C1 = 2.55, C2 = 2.56 g/cm3; θCMC at UC = 50, C1 = 53, C2 = 51%; Pnat UC = 21, C1 and C2 = 16%. Moderate negative dependence of both ρx and ρd on SOM and of ρd on Pn and a moderate positive dependence of P on SOM was observed. θCMC changes did not show links to other soil physical properties. The greatest looseness of the top soil layer, expressed by a decrease in ρd, occurred with the UC regime in direct correlation with SOM, Pn and P.

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The Spatial Pattern of Rice Productivity Using Sentinel-2A Image in Cariu and Tanjungsari District, Bogor Regency

KnE Engineering ◽

10.18502/keg.v4i3.5883 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Moudy Ramadhiyanti Putri ◽

Supriatna . ◽

Masita DM Manessa ◽

Yoanna Ristya

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Image Processing ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Rice Production ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Accurate Data ◽

Mean Sea Level ◽

Rice Productivity ◽

Productivity Increase ◽

Sentinel 2A

Rice is known as substantial main foodstuffs of Indonesian people. According to the Report from Indonesia Centrer of statistic (BPS), of- West Java Province 2018, Bogor Region is one of lower-rice productions which was shown by decreasing value approximately 26,307 ton between 2014 and 2015. The increasing efforts of rice productivity is required to estimate and observe a rice-grain supplying in the market, especially in Cariu and Tanjungsari as the primary and specific city of rice production in Bogor Region. To gain an accurate data, remote sensing method is applied. The using of sentinel-2A image processing which has 10 m of spatial resolution is recommended to see the rice planting phase based on the age of planting. The study aims to analyze the spatial studying of rice production using Sentinel-2A image processing with Normalize Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method for to determine the age of rice plants starting from the beginning of planting to the end of the harvest and also help estimate the productivity of rice paddies. The results show that rice production estimation which is planted in the altitude of under 100 masl (mean sea level) have value 5,52 ton/ha, to the optimum altitude on the range of 100-500 masl the productivity increase become 6,31 ton/ha, and back down on the altitude more than 500 masl equal to 5,34 ton/ha.

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