scholarly journals Modeling the Impact of Urban Three-Dimensional Expansion on Atmospheric Environmental Conditions in an Old Industrial District: A Case Study in Shenyang, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 3171-3181
Author(s):  
Chunlin Li ◽  
Yanyan Xu ◽  
Miao Liu ◽  
Yuanman Hu ◽  
Na Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Industrial District ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the primary canine premature extraction on the sagittal, vertical and transversal dimensions of the bone tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Ad. A. Mamedov ◽  
T. V. Timoshenko ◽  
T. S. Gutnikova
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Volume Measurement ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Special Technique ◽  
Suggested Technique ◽  
Present Case Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Primary Canine

Relevance. The article studies the primary canine premature extraction as the cause of three-dimensional (sagittal, transversal, vertical) bone underdevelopment in the area of the extracted tooth. The research is relevant as there are insufficient data in the scientific literature on this topic and the prevalence of premature primary canine extraction for therapeutic and orthodontic indications is high.Materials and methods. The present case study developed a special technique for bone volume measurement in all planes by CBCT.Results. Several CBCTs of one patient over the period of three years were analyzed according to the suggested technique. The calculations demonstrated significant sagittal and vertical bone loss.Conclusions. The results of the research allowed us to conclude that premature extraction of the primary canines leads to the significant sagittal and vertical bone loss. Besides, no increase in the intercanine distance was detected despite the patient’s growth spurt.

Can the Deforestation Breeze Change the Rainfall in Amazonia? A Case Study for the BR-163 Highway Region

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra I. Saad ◽  
Humberto R. da Rocha ◽  
Maria A. F. Silva Dias ◽  
Rafael Rosolem
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Atmospheric Modeling ◽  
Thermal Cell ◽  
Soil Wetness ◽  
Soil Dryness ◽  
Regional Atmospheric Modeling ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The authors simulated the effects of Amazonian mesoscale deforestation in the boundary layer and in rainfall with the Brazilian Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (BRAMS) model. They found that both the area and shape (with respect to wind incidence) of deforestation and the soil moisture status contributed to the state of the atmosphere during the time scale of several weeks, with distinguishable patterns of temperature, humidity, and rainfall. Deforestation resulted in the development of a three-dimensional thermal cell, the so-called deforestation breeze, slightly shifted downwind to large-scale circulation. The boundary layer was warmer and drier above 1000-m height and was slightly wetter up to 2000-m height. Soil wetness affected the circulation energetics proportionally to the soil dryness (for soil wetness below ∼0.6). The shape of the deforestation controlled the impact on rainfall. The horizontal strips lined up with the prevailing wind showed a dominant increase in rainfall, significant up to about 60 000 km2. On the other hand, in the patches aligned in the opposite direction (north–south), there was both increase and decrease in precipitation in two distinct regions, as a result of clearly separated upward and downward branches, which caused the precipitation to increase for patches up to 15 000 km2. The authors’ estimates for the size of deforestation impacting the rainfall contributed to fill up the low spatial resolution in other previous studies.

scholarly journals Extending the concept of the morphological frame: a case study of Tangshan old military airport

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Song ◽  
Rongxi Peng ◽  
Zijiao Zhang ◽  
Yixi Li
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Morphological Transformation ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
Plan Analysis ◽  
Peking University ◽  
Social Use ◽  
The Impact

Extending the concept of the morphological frame: a case study of Tangshan old military airport Rongxi Peng, Zijiao Zhang, Yixi Li, Feng Song* College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University. 100871 Beijing E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]*(corresponding author)Telephone Number: +86 132-6990-0350, +86 139-1013-6101* Keywords: China, morphological frame, three-dimensional view, airport Conference topics and scale: Urban form and social use of space/ City transformations/ Stages in territorial configuration   The concept of the morphological frame is important in urban morphology, but it has been discussed much less than other critical concepts, such as the fringe belt and the fixation line.  Passing its features on as inherited outlines, the morphological frame contains not only the linear fixation line, but also ground plan and three-dimensional aspects.  In this research, the linear, ground plan, and three-dimensional morphological frame of Tangshan old military airport during the expansion of the city after the removal of the airport is identified.  The former boundary roads of the airport exert obvious influences on the division of plots.  The former arterial roads also function as a linear morphological frame.  In relation to the ground plan, property rights and plots containing important buildings have an impact on the consequent town plan.  The distinct feature of the morphological frame of the airport is its three-dimensional constraint, i.e. the vertical clearance requirement, which restricted the height of surrounding buildings.  The impact of this institutional limit can last a very long time owing to the high cost of demolishing the old surrounding buildings or adding extra storeys even if the limit ceased to exist with the removal of the airport.  Based on this case study, this paper refines and extends the connotation of the concept of the morphological frame and further discusses the relationship between function and form.   References Conzen, M. P. (2009) ‘How cities internalize their former urban fringes: a cross-cultural comparison’, Urban Morphology 13(1), 29. Conzen, M. R. G. (1969) Alnwick, Northumberland: a study in town-plan analysis (Institute of British Geographers, London). Lin, Y., De Meulder, B. and Wang, S. (2011) ‘From village to metropolis: a case of morphological transformation in Guangzhou, China’, Urban Morphology 15(1), 5-20. Whitehand, J. W. R. (2001) ‘British urban morphology: the Conzenion tradition’, Urban Morphology 5(2), 103-109. Whitehand, J. W. R., Conzen, M. P. and Gu, K. (2016) ‘Plan analysis of historical cities: a Sino-European comparison’, Urban Morphology 20(2), 139-158.

The Impact of Assimilating SSM/I and QuikSCAT Satellite Winds on Hurricane Isidore Simulations

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 549-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Hua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Mesoscale Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Storm Track ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quikscat Winds

Abstract Three observational datasets of Hurricane Isidore (in 2002) were analyzed and compared: the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I), the Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) winds, and dropsonde winds. SSM/I and QuikSCAT winds were on average about 1.9 and 0.3 m s−1 stronger, respectively, than dropsonde winds. With more than 20 000 points of data, SSM/I wind speed was about 2.2 m s−1 stronger than QuikSCAT. Comparison of the wind direction observed by QuikSCAT with those from the dropsondes showed that the quality of QuikSCAT data is good. The effect of assimilating SSM/I wind speeds and/or QuikSCAT wind vectors for the analysis of Hurricane Isidore was assessed using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU–NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) and its three-dimensional variational data assimilation system. For the Hurricane Isidore case study, it was found that the assimilation of either satellite winds strengthened the cyclonic circulation in the analysis. However, the increment of the QuikSCAT wind analysis is more complicated than that from the SSM/I analysis due to the correction of the storm location, a positive result from the assimilation of wind vectors. The increase in low-level wind speeds enhanced the air–sea interaction processes and improved the simulated intensity for Isidore. In addition, the storm structure was better simulated. Assimilation of QuikSCAT wind vectors clearly improved simulation of the storm track, in particular during the later period of the simulation, but lack of information about the wind direction from SSM/I data prevented it from having much of an effect. Assessing the assimilation of QuikSCAT wind speed versus wind vector data confirmed this hypothesis. The track improvement partially resulted from the relocation of the storm’s initial position after assimilation of the wind vectors. For this case study, it was found that the assimilation of SSM/I or QuikSCAT data had the greatest impact on the Hurricane Isidore simulation during the first 2 days.

Pedagogical Evolution in the Teaching of Reference Services Enabled by the Use of 3D Immersive Virtual World Technology

2013 ◽  
pp. 183-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nita J. Matzen ◽  
Kim Becnel ◽  
Geraldine Purpur
Keyword(s):  
Role Play ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Technology Skills ◽  
Reference Services ◽  
Immersive Virtual Environment ◽  
The Impact

This chapter shares the development and implementation of a redesigned Information Sources and Services course and presents a case study that examines the impact of that course on student learning. The revised course applies Presence Pedagogy incorporating epistemic framing through extended role-play and the use of experienced mentors in a three-dimensional immersive virtual environment. Also examined are: changes in students’ comfort level while playing the role of reference librarian, their technology skills and confidence, similarities and dissimilarities between the game role and an imagined real-life role, students’ comfort level with the presence of a mentor, and their incorporating mentor suggestions.

scholarly journals The investigation of the function of the central courtyard in moderating the harsh environmental conditions of a hot and dry climate (Case study: City of Yazd, Iran)

Spatium ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zarei ◽  
Seyyed Ashkezari ◽  
Mehrdad Yari
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Fluent Software ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Extreme Winds ◽  
The Impact

As one of the arid areas of Iran, Yazd is always exposed to extreme winds with dust and shifting sands. Therefore, the architectural principles in the residential architecture of the city need be adapted to such environmental conditions in order to minimize the influence of the severe winds on the interior spaces. This study investigates the influence of storms on the interior space of the central courtyards in Yazd, constructed during the Muzaffarid, Safavid and Qajar periods using CFD simulation. Three-dimensional models were prepared via Gambit software and studied in Fluent software. The wind speed entering the computing field was equal to 26.4m/s and the Dutch wind nuisance standard NEN 8100 was applied as the comfort criterion. The results showed a relationship between the extent of the central courtyard and the impact of severe storms on it, since an increase in the area of the courtyard provides enough space for the wind flow and move around it. This feature reaches its climax if the length to height proportion increases, as the wind brings the shifting sands into large courtyards, therefore, the architects tried to provide better conditions by creating microclimates.

scholarly journals Probabilistic assessment of field-scale CO<sub>2</sub> generation by Carbonate/Clay Reactions in sedimentary basins

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Ceriotti ◽  
Claudio Geloni ◽  
Matilde Dalla Rosa ◽  
Alberto Guadagnini ◽  
Giovanni Porta
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Source Location ◽  
Generation Rate ◽  
Probabilistic Assessment ◽  
Parameter Uncertainties ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. This work explores the probabilistic assessment of CO2 generation rate and CO2 source location by occurrence of Carbonate/Clay Reactions (CCRs) in three-dimensional realistic sedimentary basins. We ground our assessment on the methodology proposed for a mono-dimensional case study and a single CCR formulation by Ceriotti et al. (2017) which includes a framework to account for thermodynamic parameter uncertainties. This methodology is here extended to a realistic three-dimensional sedimentary basin case study and transferred to encompass different types of CCRs, including two newly formulated CCRs which accounts for minerals typically observed in sedimentary environments. While testing the ability of the chosen procedure to model diverse CCRs in three-dimensional realistic subsurface sedimentary systems, we quantitatively compare the impact of CCR formulation on the spatial distribution of CO2 source location, temperature and pressure compatible to CO2 gaseous generation, and CO2 generation rate in three-dimensional environments characterized by complex and non-uniform stratigraphy. Application of the procedure to different types of CCRs enables us to provide an insight on the impact of mineralogical composition on the mechanism of activation temperature and pressure and the amount of CO2 released by the different CCR mechanisms. Finally, we show the implementation of the proposed probabilistic framework to define scenarios associated with different levels of probability to be used as the input and boundary conditions for CO2 migration and transport models in the subsurface.

The Impact of Torsion on the Bending Curve during 3D Bending of Thin-Walled Tubes - A Case Study on Forming Helices

2015 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 1595-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Staupendahl ◽  
Christoph Becker ◽  
A. Erman Tekkaya
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Structural Parts ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

Chassis or cabin designs in the transportation sector are currently manufactured out of several single structural elements. To save handling steps and energy intensive joining processes and furthermore support lightweight design, bending processes can be used that offer the direct production of structural parts that incorporate the functionality of several single elements. In recent years, several processes for the kinematic bending of three-dimensional tubes and profiles have been developed. Additionally, three-roll push bending has gained in importance in manufacturing three-dimensional tubes. In this kinematic process, three-dimensional bending is achieved by continuously changing the bending plane relative to the workpiece during the forming process. Several studies exist that investigate the mechanisms that lead to three-dimensional bending contours. These were, however, based on the generation of empirical models, e.g. characteristic maps. Up until now, no analytical model exists, which describes the process of bending three-dimensional tubes in a comprehensive manner, especially taking into account tube torsion. In the following case study, the tube rotation needed to produce helices is measured and compared to helix radii and helix height. The results were subsequently used to set up an analytical model, which, first of all, describes the tube rotation needed to produce the torsion of the investigated helices and, more importantly, can be generalized to describe the tube rotation needed for the torsion of arbitrary bending curves.

Extraction and Comparison of Spatial Statistics For Geometric Parameters of Sedimentary Layers from Static and Mobile Terrestrial Laser Scanning Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Walton ◽  
Georgia Fotopoulos ◽  
Robert Radovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Oil Sands ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Work Flow ◽  
Mobile Data ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is a surveying technology that has seen increasing use in the field of geosciences in recent years. One potential application for this technology is to aid in quantitative stratigraphy. Given a point cloud containing multiple lithologies, the points associated with a specific lithology can be analyzed to quantify the geometric characteristics of that lithology, such as apparent dip, thickness, and spacing. In this study, a semi-automated work flow to perform such a characterization is presented and applied to a case study from an oil sands pit mine in the Athabasca region of Alberta, Canada. The results obtained using data collected with mobile and static TLS systems are compared to evaluate the effects of the various measurements and resolutions on the resulting stratigraphic statistics. In addition, mobile data collected for a small portion of the pit that was actively being mined are compared over time to evaluate changes in sedimentary layering in the direction perpendicular to the pit face. This component of the study highlights the impact of data quality on the resulting interpretations and represents a potential methodology for enhancing three-dimensional quantitative spatial modeling in a sedimentary environment.

Evaluation of Air-Side Economizer Use in a Compute-Intensive Data Center

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K. Patterson ◽  
Don Atwood ◽  
John G. Miner
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
The Impact

Moore’s Law continues to drive increased compute capability and greater performance per watt in today’s and future server platforms. However the increased demand for compute services has outstripped these gains and the energy consumption in the data center continues to rise. The challenge for the data center operator is to limit the operational costs and reduce the energy required to run the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) equipment and the supporting infrastructure. The cooling systems can represent a large portion of the energy use in the support infrastructure. There is significant focus in industry today on applying advanced cooling technologies to reduce this energy. One potential solution is the use of air-side economizers in the cooling system. This technology can provide a reduction in cooling energy by being able to maintain the required temperatures in the data center with the mechanical refrigeration turned off, significantly reducing the PUE for the data center. This paper reviews recent industry activities around the recommended environmental conditions in the data center, the impact to the ICT equipment of air-side economizers, where they can best be applied, and provides data from a case study recently concluded at Intel’s site in New Mexico. In that case study servers from an engineering compute data center were split into a standard configuration (closed system, tight temperature control) and a very aggressive air-side economization section (open system, significant out-door air quantities, moderate temperature control). Both sections performed equally well over a year long on-line test, with significant energy savings potential demonstrated by economizer side. The American Society of Air-conditioning Heating and Refrigerating Engineers (ASHRAE) has recently published new ICT-vendor consensus-based recommendations for the environmental conditions in data centers. These new limits are discussed in light of the successful experiment run in New Mexico as the revised operational envelop allows a far greater number of hours per year when a data center can be run in “free-cooling” mode to obtain the energy savings. Server design features as well as lessons learned from the experiment and their applicability to the potential use of air-side economizers is also discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document